高一英语经典定语从句ppt课件.ppt

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1、Lets play a guessing game.1.It is a book.2.The book can tell the meanings of words.3.It is a book which can tell the meanings of words.1.It is a machine2.The machine can fly very fast.3.It is a machine that can fly very fast.1.He was the first person2.The person invented the lights.3.He was the firs

2、t person who invented the lights.1.She was the first woman.2.The woman won the Nobel Prize.3.She was the first woman who won the Nobel Prize.1.He is an actor.2.The actors father is a very famous action movie star.3.He is an actor whose father is a very famous action movie star.1.It is a tool.2.The t

3、ools function is cutting.3.It is a tool whose function is cutting.What type of clause are the What type of clause are the red red parts in the above sentences?parts in the above sentences?It is a tool whose function is cutting.She was the first woman who won the Nobel Prize.It is a machine that can

4、fly very fast.It is a book which can tell the meanings of words.the Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句Attributive Clause（定语从句）（定语从句）概念概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词关系代词:who whom that which whos

5、e、as关系副词关系副词:where when why关系代词的三大作用1.连接（主句和定语从句）连接（主句和定语从句）2.替代（前面的先行词）替代（前面的先行词）3.成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分）成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分）He found the book that he wanted.This is the car which he bought last year.Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following se

6、ntences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine the machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine that/which关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yes

7、terday.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary

8、.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关

9、系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yes

10、terday.we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl注意避免重复注意避免重复 The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.The boy is Tom.The boy has a round face.The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom.The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.The man is

11、kind.Everyone likes him.The man(who)everyone likes is kind.(宾语宾语)The woman got the job.We saw her on the street.The woman(whom)we saw on the street got the job.The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.The teacher(whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.定语从句三要素定语从句三要素:先行词先行词,关系词

12、关系词,从句从句先行词先行词关系词关系词从句从句This is the very book that interests me most.先行词先行词关系词关系词从从 句句Relative pronouns:who,whomwhich,that,whose 成分成分代替代替主语宾语定语人物人/物whowhowhomwhosewhich(which)whosethat(that)whose关系代词关系代词 1.who1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man I talked with is our teacher.A person steals t

13、hings is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)The man I talked to is Mr.Li.The man I talked is Mr.Li.(who)who(whom/who)to whom关系代词关系代词 3.whose 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式,它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book cover

14、 is red.I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I saw a woman bag was stolen.whose whose4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from

15、?Is this the library from which you borrow books?A plane is a machine can fly.(主语主语)The letter I received was from my father.（宾语）（宾语）I dont like the people _ talk too much but do little.1.1.that 人或物人或物，作主语或宾语，作主语或宾语 (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略)whothat(that)The earth is round,_ we all know._ is known to all,the e

16、arth is roundas As定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as as,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的词一般是固定的 as 的使用的使用This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。本书。定语从句定语从句as 的使用的使用1.It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ h

17、as been said before.which 2 _ everyone hoped,Mary has won the first prize.Asas as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，句末，而而which 引导定语从句不能引导定语从句不能放在句首放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，译为正如，好像。，which which 则没有此义。则没有此义。as 的使用的使用(抢答抢答)指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。系词。1.The boy who/that broke the window is called Jack.

18、2.The man(whom/who)I talked to just now is Mr.Li.3.The car(that/which)he bought yesterday is a second-hand one.4.Harry is the boy whose father is our maths teacher.5.We live in a house whose window opens to the south.(抢答抢答)在下列定语从句中关系代词只能在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用用that 1.当先行词为当先行词为everything,nothing,something,a

19、nything,little,few,much,the one 等不定代词时。如：等不定代词时。如：This book contains much/little that is useful.这本书中有很多这本书中有很多/没有多少有用的东西。没有多少有用的东西。I mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。我指的是昨天买的那个。2.当先行词被当先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any 等不定代词修饰时。如：等不定代词修饰时。如：I have read all the book(that)you ga

20、ve me.我把你给我的书都看了。我把你给我的书都看了。There are some jobs(that)men cant do very well.有些工作男人无法做好。有些工作男人无法做好。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the first film(that)I have seen since I came here.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。This is the biggest apple(that)I have ever eaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。这是我所吃

21、过的苹果中最大的一个。4.先行词既指人又指物时。如：先行词既指人又指物时。如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools(that)we had visited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。象。5.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last等修饰时。等修饰时。如：如：Mary is the only friend(that)I have in Australia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。She i

22、s the very thief(that)the policeman is looking for.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。The last place they visited was the Summer Palace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。6.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从 句中作表语时。如：句中作表语时。如：This is a dictionary that will help you a lot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Dont cheat m

23、e.Im no longer the boy that I was three years ago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。which引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句。I have lost my pen,which I like very much.She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a great honor.She is always late for class,which makes the teacher angry.(必答必答)Fill

24、 in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.1.The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.that/which 2.We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.that/whoFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.Fill in the blanks with who,w

25、hom,that,which or whose.3.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquakethat/whichFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.4.The person _ you just talked to is Mr.Li.(whom/who/that)Fill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.5.Luckily none of the people _ I know were

26、 killed in the earthquake.(who/whom/that)Fill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.6.Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher.whoseFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.7.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.which/thatFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which

27、 or whose.8.Those _ will go to the park stay here.whoFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.9.That was all the money _ I had.that10.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.thatFill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.1.The house _

28、 we live in is very old.2.Those are the shoes _ I lost last week.3.That is the man _ found my handbag.4.Lucy cant eat food _ has chocolate in it.5.The car _ my uncle bought last month is very beautiful.which/that which/that who/that which/that which/that6.The village _ Guo Peng lives in is very far

29、away.7.The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.8.I hate people _ talk much but do little.9.The detective found the thieves _ robbed the Bank of Hawaii.10.My aunt works in a university _ has over five thousand students.which/that who/that who/that who/that which/that(抢答抢答)1.God help thos

30、e who help themselves.天助自助者天助自助者.笑到最后的人才是英雄笑到最后的人才是英雄.2.He who laughs last laughs best.Translate the following English proverbs into Chinese and then pick out the attributive clauses.3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉不到长城非好汉.知足者常乐知足者常乐.4.He who is content(满足满足)is always h

31、appy.(抢答抢答)我喜欢你昨天买的那辆自行车。I like the bike which you bought yesterday.刚才说话的那个女孩是我的好朋友。The girl who spoke just now is my friend.在那边打篮球的那个男孩是我们班长。The boy who is playing bascketball over there is our monitor.你还记得我上次和他说话的那个人吗？Do you remember the person whom I talked to last time?那位父亲是医生的学生学习非常努力。The student whose father is a doctor studies very hard.Goodbye!