大学英语I全新版大学英语综合教程I-Unit-3课件.ppt

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1、Unit 3 Understanding Science Passage A Public Attitudes Toward ScienceOur International LoveCONTENTSCONTENTSB BBE E EA AADDC CCRevisionRevisionPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesText StudyText StudyText StudySummarySummaryHomeworkHomeworkHomeworkRevision-phrases v off and on v be bored by v

2、 find.dull and difficultv断断续续断断续续v对对腻味腻味v觉得觉得枯燥难枯燥难懂懂v以以而出名而出名 v have a reputation for v据说某人据说某人.v sb be said to be.拘谨刻板，落后于时拘谨刻板，落后于时代代随笔小品文随笔小品文不得不面对不得不面对 自得其乐自得其乐违反规定违反规定别无选择，只好做别无选择，只好做formal,rigid and out-of-datean informal essayface up to.for my own joya failing gradeThere is no choice but to

3、do.A R _ Useful Expressions 1 Revision1.完全沉浸于完全沉浸于 be completely lost in2.引起引起的注意的注意get sb.s attention3.坐进后座坐进后座 settle into the back seat5.5.不着急不着急in no hurry6.6.接着，继续接着，继续go ahead7.7.记住了，能背出来记住了，能背出来know sth.by heart4.得了感冒什么的得了感冒什么的have a cold or somethingA R _ Useful Expressions 28.8.家书抵万金。家书抵万金。

4、Letters from home always mean a lot.9.9.老是在外旅行老是在外旅行be on the road so much10.10.不大会不大会not much of a hand at 11.11.保持通信往来保持通信往来keep up correspondenceall the way through both grade and high school12.12.从小学一直到高中从小学一直到高中13.13.老街坊老街坊an old neighborhoodPre-reading task 1:Brainstorming Brainstorm some of t

5、he scientific and technological inventions.Scientific and technological inventions E-mailComputerLaptop Mobile phonecloningNuclear powerGenetic engineering Television ElectricityIn what way have science and technology changed the world we live in?In what way does science change our life for the wors

6、e?Do all these inventions always change our life for the better?Give examples to explain your opinion.What else can be done to educate the public about science?changes for the better?changes for the worse?Television Quick and easy way to information,education,entertainment,etc.Expose children to vio

7、lenceDeprive families of quality timeDeprive people of the will to communicate with each othercloning changes for the better?changes for the worse?Endangered animals Produce stronger ones farmersClone their cows and sheep who can produce more milk Clone human beings?Hitler or other war criminals or

8、evil people?Pre-readingvEnjoy the video about the author Stephen Hawking and think over the following questions.v1.Who is Stephen Hawking?v2.What questions interest him?v3.What makes his achievement so remarkable?v4.How did he speak to people now?v1.Who is Stephen Hawking?vHe is perhaps the most wel

9、l-known scientist since Einstein.v2.What questions interest him?vThe big questions,such as How did the universe begin?Why is the universe the way it is?How will it end?v3.What makes his achievement so remarkable?vThe contrast between the strength of his mind and the weakness of his body.v4.How did h

10、e speak to people now?vHe now uses a computer that enables him to select words and then turn them into speech.About Hawking(斯蒂芬斯蒂芬霍金霍金)vStephen Hawking(1942):British theoretical physicist and mathematicianMore information about Hawkingv-1966 Earned his Ph.D.degree at the University of Cambridge.v-19

11、77 Became a professor of physics.v-1979 Appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics(卢卡斯数学卢卡斯数学教授教授)at Cambridge,vMain Achievements:black hole(黑洞黑洞),A Brief History of Time(时间简史时间简史).His chief works:Hawking and his first wife:Text StructurePartsparas Main ideas11-3The public needs _in science so as t

12、o make informed decisions on their own fate.24-6The ways to educate _are detailed.37Human civilization will survive if the public understands _well.educationthe publicscience Fast readingSkim part 2 to find out of the authors 3 concrete solutions to the question:how to educate the public in science?

13、_1.Science education in schools 2._Replacing equations with words and diagrams 3_Making use of mass media Such as Newspapers magazinesTelevision _Para 1 True or Falsev_1:The world we live has changed a little in the last two hundred years.v_2:All the people would like to go back to the purer and sim

14、pler age.v_3.As history shows,the past was as wonderful as the present.FFFWhile-reading vWhat does“it”in line 2 refer to?vIt refers to“the world we live in”.vTranslate the first sentence in Para one.v无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去的一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。vAs history shows,.As 常作为连词，表示“正如.”。vAs is shown by

15、 the growth rate of GDP in the last two decades,Chinas reform and open policy is a great success.Para OneLikely(L2)Para.1 :adj*probable(When functioning as an a.,the word is often used in the following patterns:it is likely that,be likely to do sth.)v1)今年你可能在伦敦吗?v Are you likely to be in London this

16、 year?v2)他很可能会干得很好。v It is likely that he will do very well.likely adv*probably 1)It is reported that another sandstorm will very likely come in the next 24 hours.v2)我们很可能会迟到。我们很可能会迟到。v We will most likely be late.vPattern:vIt is likely thatvSb is likely tov privilege(L 5)n.a special advantage 特权特权；

17、特殊待遇；特殊荣幸；特殊待遇；特殊荣幸As a student of our university,you will enjoy/have certain privileges,such as free use of the library and computer room.It is a privilege for me to work with you.和你在一起工作是我莫大的荣幸。和你在一起工作是我莫大的荣幸。privileged a.有特权的，荣幸的；特许的；有特权的，荣幸的；特许的；Im privileged to have worked with her so often.do

18、without(L 6)vmanage to survive,continue,or succeed,although you do not have sth.you need vAs peter isnt here,we shall have to do without him.皮特既然不来，我们只好自行其是皮特既然不来，我们只好自行其是了。了。vCollocation:vdo away with 摆脱；废除，取消摆脱；废除，取消vdo up 系上，扣上；修理；打扮系上，扣上；修理；打扮vhave something to do with 和和有关系有关系vhave nothing to d

19、o with 和和没有关系没有关系v没有生物可以在没有水和空气的状态下生存。没有生物可以在没有水和空气的状态下生存。vNo living thing can do without air and water.vHighly:adv.(L 6)v1)veryvMr.Smith was a highly successful salesman.v2)to a high degreevHe speaks very highly of you.v出席这次会议的大部分人是受过高等教育的出席这次会议的大部分人是受过高等教育的女性女性vMost of the people present at the me

20、eting are highly educated women.CF:highly&highvhighly 指的是抽象意义上的指的是抽象意义上的“高高”。vE.g.a highly paid official 薪俸优厚的官员薪俸优厚的官员vthink highly of sb.器重某人器重某人vhigh 用作副词时，一般指的是具体意义上的用作副词时，一般指的是具体意义上的“高高”vE.g.aim high 向高处瞄准向高处瞄准 v search high and low 到处寻找到处寻找Translation Para 1v 无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世

21、界在过去百年百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的百年里百年里可能可能变变化更多。有人想中止这种种变化，回到那个他们认化更多。有人想中止这种种变化，回到那个他们认为为更纯洁更朴素的时代更纯洁更朴素的时代。但正如历史所表明的，过。但正如历史所表明的，过去并非那么美妙。过去对去并非那么美妙。过去对享有特权的少数人享有特权的少数人不算太不算太糟，但即便他们也无从享受现代医疗，而生育对妇糟，但即便他们也无从享受现代医疗，而生育对妇女来说风险女来说风险极大极大。对占人口大多数的民众而言，生。对占人口大多数的民众而言，生活是活是艰难、残忍而又短暂艰难、残忍而又短暂的。的。life

22、disadvantagePrivileged minority better without modern medicine,and childbirth was highly risky for women majority nasty,brutish,and short Useful ExpressionsUseful Expressions n在过去的一百年间在过去的一百年间n回到回到n享有特权的少数人享有特权的少数人n人口的绝大多数人口的绝大多数nin the last hundred in the last hundred yearsyearsngo back togo back t

23、ona privileged minoritya privileged minoritynthe vast majority of the vast majority of population population The structure of paragraph 1vIntroduction:Background information:Peoples attitude:stop and go backAuthors attitude:The world is changing Life was nasty,brutish and short Para 2 QuestionsQ1:Wh

24、at would happen if all government money for research were cut off?The force of competition would still _if all government money for research were cut off.Q2:Is it possible to prevent science and technology from further development?Why or why not?No.The only way to prevent further developments would

25、be _and human _are such that even this would not succeed.bring about advances in technologya global state that suppressed anything newinitiative and inventiveness Para 2 True or False_ 1:Though people cant go back to their earlier age,they can prevent further advances in the future._2:If the governm

26、ent cut off the money for science research,technology would stop advancing.FFv“The only way to prevent(L15)”vsuch that(如此这般以至于）为连接词，引导结如此这般以至于）为连接词，引导结果状语从句，较正式。果状语从句，较正式。E.g.vThe extent of the disaster was such that the local authorities were quite unable to tackle.v这次灾情这么严重连地方当局也难以应付。这次灾情这么严重连地方当局

27、也难以应付。vTranslation:阻挠科技进一步发展的唯一办法也许阻挠科技进一步发展的唯一办法也许是建立一个压制任何新生事物的全球政府，但人类是建立一个压制任何新生事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创造力是如此旺盛，即便有这样一个政的进取心与创造力是如此旺盛，即便有这样一个政府也无能为力。府也无能为力。vWhat can we infer from this sentence?vNo way can suppress anything new,as human initiative and inventiveness do exist.Para.2v put/turn the clock b

28、ack:(L 1)vreturn to a situation that used to exist,usually because the present situation is unpleasantv忘了吧，看看未来，你不能让时间倒流。忘了吧，看看未来，你不能让时间倒流。vForget about it and look to the future;you cant turn the clock back.vCut off:(L4)vto stop something,esp.the supply of water,gas,electricity,etc.v我们最好在他们给我们断电之前把

29、电费给付我们最好在他们给我们断电之前把电费给付了。了。vWed better pay the electricity bill before they cut us off.(p 72.4)vbring about:(L 5)make sth.happen 因其，导致因其，导致vScience and technology has brought about great changes in the way of our life.科学技术给我们的生活科学技术给我们的生活方式带来了巨大的变化。方式带来了巨大的变化。vCollocation:vbring back 拿回来；使恢复；使回忆起来拿回

30、来；使恢复；使回忆起来vThe pictures brought back my memories about my childhood.vbring forth 产生；开花结果；提出；引证产生；开花结果；提出；引证vHe brought forth persuasive arguments.他提出有说服他提出有说服力的论据。力的论据。vbring forward（a proposal/a meeting)提出（建议）；提出（建议）；把把(会议）提前会议）提前vbring up 教育，养育；提出（供讨论或促使注意）教育，养育；提出（供讨论或促使注意）vinquire:(L 6)vvt.ask

31、to be told;ask for information 问；询问问；询问vShall I inquire(of you)about the price of the ticket?vCollocation:vinquire after 问候问候vinquire for 要买，要求得到；求见要买，要求得到；求见vinquire into 调查调查vrate n.v1)value,cost,speed,etc.measured by its relation to some other amount.vThe birth rate is the number of births compar

32、ed to the number of the people.v出生率是出生数与人口数之比。出生率是出生数与人口数之比。v2)of the(numbered)qualityva first-rate performervThe nations population continues to rise _(以每年以每年1200万人的速度万人的速度).(CET-4)vat the rate of 12 million people per year/at the speed of 12 million people every yearTranslation Para 2v不管怎样，即使有人想这么

33、做，他也无法不管怎样，即使有人想这么做，他也无法将时钟拨回到早先将时钟拨回到早先的时代的时代。知识与技术不可能说忘就忘了。也没有人能阻止未。知识与技术不可能说忘就忘了。也没有人能阻止未来的进一步发展。即使所有用于研究的政府资金都被来的进一步发展。即使所有用于研究的政府资金都被取消取消(现政府最擅此事现政府最擅此事)，竞争的力量仍将继续，竞争的力量仍将继续带来带来技术的发展。技术的发展。更何况，没有人能更何况，没有人能阻止阻止探究求索之士探究求索之士去思索基础科学，无论去思索基础科学，无论他们是否会为此得到酬劳。惟他们是否会为此得到酬劳。惟能阻止进一步发展的办法或能阻止进一步发展的办法或许是一个

34、压制任何新事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创许是一个压制任何新事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创造力如此旺盛，即便造力如此旺盛，即便这个政府这个政府也不会成功。它所能做到的只也不会成功。它所能做到的只是是延缓延缓变化的速度。变化的速度。The Structure of Paragraph 2The Structure of Paragraph 2vTopic sentencevOne couldnt put the clock back to an earlier age.vSupporting details:v1.Knowledge.v2.the force of competition

35、would still bring aboutv3.MoreovervConclusion:the only way to Useful ExpressionsUseful Expressionsn倒退倒退n切断切断,中断中断n当今政府当今政府n引起引起,导致导致n支付支付n全球政府全球政府n基础科学基础科学n减慢减慢nput the clock backput the clock backncut offcut offnthe present governmentthe present governmentnbring about bring about npay forpay forngl

36、obal state global state nbasic sciencebasic sciencenslow down slow down v“At the moment,the public is in two minds about science”(line 23-24)vWhat can we learn from the sentence?vThe public finds itself holding two contradictory viewpoints about science.Translation:目前，大众对科学抱有两种心态。Para 3How to transl

37、ate the first two How to translate the first two sentences?sentences?v如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力确确保科技带来的变化方向正确保科技带来的变化方向正确v在一个民主社会里在一个民主社会里,这意味着公众需要这意味着公众需要对科学有一个基本的了解对科学有一个基本的了解,从而可以从而可以作出作出明达的决定明达的决定,而不是而不是把决定留给专家去做把决定留给专家去做.At the moment,the public has two

38、minds.It has come to.understand itvThe public finds itself holding _contradictory viewpoints about science.On the one hand,it expects the improvement in the _that has been brought by_;on the other hand,it also _science because it does not _it.twostandard of livingsciencedistrustsunderstandvensure(L

39、2)vt.make sure;guaranteev赢得了今天这场比赛，确保了他们队能参加世界杯。赢得了今天这场比赛，确保了他们队能参加世界杯。vWinning the match today has ensured their team a place in the cup final.(p 73.2（1）)vassure;ensure;guarantee;insurevassure 表示使某人确信；使某人放心，向某人保证，表示使某人确信；使某人放心，向某人保证，常用的句型有：常用的句型有：v1)assure sb.of sth.v2)assure sb.thatv3)you can rest

40、 assured that 你可以放心你可以放心.vI assure you of his honesty.我向你保证他忠厚老实。我向你保证他忠厚老实。vI assure you that he is honest.vYou can rest assured that your money is safe with us.你可以放心，你的钱放在我们这儿万无一失。你可以放心，你的钱放在我们这儿万无一失。v ensure 表示表示“保证保证”、“确保确保”，使某行为或，使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证；保证给予，赋予。某件事的结果得以保证；保证给予，赋予。vWe cannot ensure the

41、punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.v我们无法保证火车在迷雾天能准时到达。我们无法保证火车在迷雾天能准时到达。vguarantee 表示保证某件产品的质量或保证履行某表示保证某件产品的质量或保证履行某项服务或义务。项服务或义务。vThe company guarantees its products for six month.这家公司的产品保用六个月。这家公司的产品保用六个月。vinsure 给给保险，投保保险，投保vAll the household goods are insured against accidental damage.

42、所有的家用物品都保了意外所有的家用物品都保了意外损失。损失。vinsurance companyvin two minds:unable to decide whether or not you want sth.or want to do sth.(hesitate,irresolute)vI think shes in two minds about whether to accept his present or not.v我觉得董事会似乎对在南非开设分部之事犹豫不决。我觉得董事会似乎对在南非开设分部之事犹豫不决。(p 73.15)vIt seems to me that the boa

43、rd of directors is in two minds over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.vsteady:adj.v1)constant;regular in movement,stablevThe governments policies have brought a period of steady economic growth with falling unemployment.v2)firmvHolding something tight requires a steady hand.Translation

44、 Para 3v如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术改变我们的世界，如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力我们至少可以努力确保确保科技带来的科技带来的变化方向正确变化方向正确。在。在个个民主社会民主社会里，这意味着公众需要对科学有里，这意味着公众需要对科学有个基本的了解，个基本的了解，从而从而可以作出明达的决定，而不是把决定可以作出明达的决定，而不是把决定留给留给专家去作。专家去作。目前，公众对科学存有目前，公众对科学存有矛盾之心矛盾之心。公众期望科技新发展带。公众期望科技新发展带来的生活水准的稳定提高能继续，但又来的生活水准的稳定提高能继续，但又怀疑怀疑科学，因为他

45、科学，因为他们不懂科学。那个在实验室里设法制造弗兰肯斯泰因的疯们不懂科学。那个在实验室里设法制造弗兰肯斯泰因的疯狂的科学家的狂的科学家的卡通人物清楚地体现了公众的这种怀疑。卡通人物清楚地体现了公众的这种怀疑。这也是人们之所以支持各种绿色组织的一个重要因素。但这也是人们之所以支持各种绿色组织的一个重要因素。但公众同时也对科学深感兴趣，尤其是对天文学，诸如公众同时也对科学深感兴趣，尤其是对天文学，诸如夜夜空空之类的电视连续剧观众不少以及之类的电视连续剧观众不少以及科幻小说科幻小说读者甚多就读者甚多就是明证。是明证。The Structure of Paragraph 3The Structure

46、of Paragraph 3vThe main idea:Since we can not prevent science and technology from changing our world,we can at least try to ensure that the changes are in the right direction:that is have a basic understanding of science.vSupporting details:vPeople have two minds about sciencev1.distrustv2.be intere

47、sted in Useful expressionsUseful expressionsn民主社会民主社会n做出明达的决定做出明达的决定n生活水准生活水准n卡通人物卡通人物n目前目前n犹豫不决犹豫不决,三心二意三心二意n科幻小说科幻小说na democratic society a democratic society nmake an informed decision make an informed decision nthe standard of living the standard of living ncartoon figurecartoon figurenat the mo

48、ment at the moment nin two mindsin two mindsnscience fiction science fiction Summary (Paras 1-3)The world we live in has _in the last and next hundred years.Some people want to stop these changes and go back to _age.However,one couldnt _to an earlier age.We cant prevent further advances in the futur

49、e,the only way to prevent would be a global state that_,but it cant succeed.So if we accept the truth that we cant prevent the changing,we can ensure the changes develop_,which means the public needs to have_changed a great dealthe purer and simperput the clock backsuppressed anything newin the righ

50、t directionva basic understanding of science.Para 4 Difficult Sentence原句原句1：What can be done to harness.the basis must lie in what is taught in schools.句子结构：句子结构：Harness the interest and give the scientific background informed decisions on subjectscid rain,the greenhouse effect,nuclear weapons,and g