名词性从句的翻译PPT讲稿.ppt

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1、名词性从句的翻译第1页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六I.Translation of English Nominal Clauses Nominal clauses which perform the function of nouns in the sentences usually include:1）Subject clauses （常伴随有形式主语“it”)2）Object clauses (可伴随有形式宾语“it”)3）Predicative clauses 4）Appositive clauses 1.Subject clauses （1）While translating

2、subject clauses introduced by what,whatever,whoever,leave the position and word of order unchanged.What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的他告诉我的只是半真半假的东西而已。Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行的所见所闻他此行的所见所闻都给他留下深刻的印象。第2页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六（2）When subject clauses i

3、ntroduced by it used as a formal subject are translated,it doesnt matter whether they are put in front of the sentence or not.“it”can or cannot be translated.e.g.It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.(“it”hasnt been translated)他参不参加会议他参不参加会议都没关系。It was obvious that I h

4、ad become the pawn in some sort of top level power play.很清楚，某些高级人物在玩弄权术，而我却成了他们的工具某些高级人物在玩弄权术，而我却成了他们的工具。It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.(“it”has been translated)飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看起来是不可想象的事。第3页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六2.Object clauses （1）While translating obj

5、ect clauses introduced by what,that,how,leave the position and word of order unchanged.I understand that he is well qualified,but I feel that he needs more experience.我知道他完全够条件他完全够条件，但我觉得他需要更多的经验。他需要更多的经验。（2）When object clauses introduced by it used as a formal subject are translated,it is not neces

6、sary to translated the word“it”and the position of the original sentence remains unchanged e.g.I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning.我向他们讲清楚的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。我向他们讲清楚的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。第4页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六 （3）Sometimes object clause can be put in front

7、of the sentence while translated.e.g.We have no definite information yet as to which route he will take.关于他将走哪条路线，我们还没有确切的消息。关于他将走哪条路线，我们还没有确切的消息。I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被选参加会议，感到光荣。我被选参加会议，感到光荣。3.Predicative clauses Predicative clauses are usually in the orig

8、inal order while rendered.Things are not always as they seem to be.事物并不总是如其表象如其表象。His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.他对新闻界的看法是，记者们不是支持他，就是反对他记者们不是支持他，就是反对他。第5页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六4.Appositive clauses（1）in the original orderAn obedient son,I had accepted my

9、fathers decision that I was to be a doctor,though the prospect interested me not at all.作为一个孝顺的儿子，我接受了父亲的决定，要当医生要当医生，虽然我对这样的前途毫无兴趣。We demanded a guarantee that no similar incident would occur again.我们要求保证不再发生类似事件不再发生类似事件。（2）in front of the sentenceIt does not alter the fact that he is the man respon

10、sible for the delay.延迟应由他负责延迟应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。Yet,from the beginning,that fact that I was alive was ignored.然而，从一开始，我仍然活着我仍然活着这个事实却偏偏被忽视了。第6页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六（3）by adding the word“即”or with the use of colon(:)or dash()But considered realistically,we had to face the fact that our prospects were less

11、 than good.但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这一事实：我们的前我们的前景并不妙景并不妙。Then arose the question where we were to get the optical instruments needed.这时就产生了这么一个问题：我们到哪儿去找所需要的光我们到哪儿去找所需要的光学仪器。学仪器。第7页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六II.Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences 1.Sentence Combination（1）门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。There are at

12、 least a dozen of umbrellas of several colors and sizes in the doorway.（2）我有一个问题弄不明白，想请教你，你有时间吗？Do you have spare time to answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?（3）因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界 隔绝的。这种隔绝状态，由于通讯工具不足，就变得更加严重了。The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the

13、 lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.第8页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六（4）他这时已是将近六旬的人，一表人才，高个儿，眉清目秀，头发又多又黑，略带花白，恰好衬托出他堂堂的仪表。He was at this time in his late fifties,a tall,elegant man with good feathers and thick dark hair only sufficiently graying to add to the dist

14、inction of his appearance.2.Sentence Sequence 例：黑龙江省林业厅顾问赵树森在人民日报上撰文指出，中国的森林是丰富的再生能源，在农村地区应当大力开发，用做烧柴。第9页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六Version 1:In an article in“The Peoples Daily”,Zhao Shusen,consultant to Heilongjiang Forestry Bureau,says that,“Chinas forests are a vast source of renewable energy and should b

15、e largely developed for firewood in the rural areas.”Version 2:Heilongjiang Forestry Bureau consultant Zhao Shusen says in an article carried in“The Peoples Daily”that“Chinas forests are a vast source of renewable energy and should be largely developed for firewood in the rural areas.”Version 3:Chin

16、as forests are a vast source of renewable energy and should be largely developed for firewood in the rural areas,says Zhao Shusen,Heilongjiang Forests Bureau consultant,in an article carried in“The Peoples Daily”.第10页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六Exercise:1.It hasnt been made clear when the new road is to be op

17、ened to traffic.2.It is frequently the case that automobiles break down on the highway.3.I put it to you that you are the only person who had a motive for the crime.4.There is no denying the fact that the new technique has greatly raised labour productivity.5.And there was the possibility that a ser

18、ies of provocations might lead up to the border war.6.Not long ago the scientists made an exciting discovery that this“waste”.第11页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六1.还没有明确宣布新道路什么时候通车。2.汽车在公路上抛了锚，这是常有的事。3.我要让你明白你是唯一具有犯罪动机的人。4.不可否认，新技术大大提高了劳动生产率。5.而且总是存在着这种可能性一系列的挑衅事件可 能会导致边境战争。6.不久以前，科学家有了令人振奋的发现，即可以把这种废物变为塑料。求知三个境界

19、：独上高楼，望尽天涯路；路漫漫其修远西兮，吾将上下而求索；为伊消得人憔悴，暮然回首，却在灯火阑珊处。A truthful knowledge-seeking involves a high degree of three statures:to be persistent in ones long lasting research,to be regretfulless at a sudden recall of ones floppy clothes on his thin old body as if a burning light with last drop of oil and to

20、 be unrivaled on the peak of learning as if one climbed alone on the top of a tower and looked into distance.第12页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六 黄山：我国名山风景之一，“奇峰”，“怪石”，“云海”，“温泉”为黄山四绝。峰峦溪瀑如泼墨山水画，素有“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳”的美誉。Huang-shan,one of the most famous tourist mountains in China,is distinctive for its“four uniques”

21、(peculiar peaks,strange rocks,cloud sea and hot springs).With its peaks,streams and water-falls as beautiful as a water-color picture,Huang-shan brings a world-wide reputation that one knows Huang-shan only after visiting“the five mountains”but one knows“the five mountains”merely by visiting Huang-s

22、han.第13页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六 纵目眺望，无限娇艳风光尽收眼底：万紫千红，郁郁葱葱，鸟语悦耳，花香袭人，涟漪荡漾，瀑布飞流，层峦起伏，阡陌纵横，真可谓生机勃勃，气象万千。Looking into the distance,you will take in a spectacular panorama of vigor and vitality:blooming flowers of all colors and fragrants,the rising and falling peaks and valleys with flying waterfalls and sweet(melodious)songs of birds,and green lands with crisscross fields and lakes of shimmering ripples.“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”是很多人的座右铭。Many people take it as their motto that one should be the first to concern about state affairs and the last to enjoy happiness.第14页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六第15页，共15页，编辑于2022年，星期六