句子种类复习课.ppt

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1、 She is(not)a student.Is she a student?Dont be careless.How clever she is!(陈述句陈述句)(疑问句疑问句)(祈使句祈使句)(感叹句感叹句)说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。表示提出问题。表示提出问题。表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等;主语主语 是是you,一般省略一般省略;谓语动词用原形。谓语动词用原形。表示喜怒哀乐等情绪表示喜怒哀乐等情绪,多用多用how和和what开头。开头。句子种类句子种类句子种类按用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。句子种类按用途可分为陈

2、述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。句子种类按用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。句子种类按用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。考点一考点一1.肯定陈述句肯定陈述句2.否定陈述句否定陈述句 eg.She is a student.She is not/isnt a student.He has not/hasnt finished the work.They will not/wont go to school.Mary can not/cant speak Chinese.She is a student.He has finished the work.They will go to

3、 school.Mary can speak Chinese.谓语动词是谓语动词是be,have或带有或带有助动词或情态动助动词或情态动 词的实义动词词的实义动词,否定句只要在其后加上否定句只要在其后加上not.陈述句陈述句(语序语序:主语主语+谓语谓语)陈述句陈述句2.否定陈述句否定陈述句 He does not/doesnt speak French.He did not/didnt go to school yesterday.He speaks French.He went to school yesterday.谓语动词是谓语动词是实义动词的否定句实义动词的否定句,是在实是在实义义

4、词动原形前加词动原形前加do(does)not/dont(doesnt),过去时都用过去时都用didnt.陈述句陈述句2.否定陈述句否定陈述句 Ive never been to Paris.I hardly go out these days because of the rain.Nobody knew the truth.I have little water.句中含有句中含有never,nobody,hardly,little等等 否定含义词的否定句否定含义词的否定句不需要再加其它词不需要再加其它词.疑问句疑问句1.一般疑问句一般疑问句2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句Is She a stud

5、ent?Who is she?Is She a student or a teacher?She is a student,isnt she?疑问句的疑问句的语序语序:谓语谓语+主主语语3.选择疑问句选择疑问句4.反意疑问句反意疑问句考考 点二点二 疑问句疑问句 1._ that pair of _ a little cheaper?(语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语)A.Is;glass B.Are;glass C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses 疑问句疑问句 2.-_ is Jeremy Lin?-He is a famous Harvard-educated,Asian-A

6、merican NBA basketball player.(语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语)A.Where B.What C.Why D.When 疑问句疑问句 3.-Is this a Chinese book or an English book?-Oh,_.(语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语)A.Yes,it is B.No,it isntC.An English book D.A music book 疑问句疑问句 4.-_ did Sure go to school so early?-To be on duty.(语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语)A.Where B.What C.Why

7、D.When用 How many；how many times;how much;how long;how far;how soon;how often 填空。_ _ did you pay for the sweater?_ _ did you worked in that factory?-_ _ _ did he call you the day before yesterday?-Twice.-_ _ did he call you?-Twice a week._ _ will Jane and her brother finish the work?_ _ is it from he

8、re to the country?How muchHow longHow many timesHow oftenHow soonHow far4.反意疑问句反意疑问句 疑问句疑问句注意这些主语：1当陈述部分的主语是不定代词something/anything/nothing/everything 等,或指示代词that，this时疑问部分主语用it，当指示代词是these，those时，后部分主语用they。Everything is ready,?This isnt a book,？These are books,？2、当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,someb

9、ody,nobody,no one等，疑问部分主语用they，或用he Everyone knows the answer,?或?isnt itis itdoesnt hedont theyarent they 结构一：结构一：前肯，前肯，+后否后否 Be 动词：动词：1.You are an actor,_ _?2.He is a good boy,_ _?3.It was fine yesterday,_ _?4.You were studying when I called you last night,_ _?5.She is going to visit me,_ _?6.I am

10、Chinese,_ _?arent you isnt he wasnt it werent you isnt she arent I行为动词：行为动词：1.It often rains here,_ _?2.He likes soccer,_ _?3.You have a headache,_ _?4.I called you yesterday,_ _?其它动词：其它动词：1.You will go to America,_ _?2.We have ever been to Shanghai,_ _?doesnt it doesnt he dont you didnt I wont youh

11、avent weC、特殊用法、特殊用法(一一）1.His mother is a doctor,_ _?2.The dogs are fighting,_ _?3.There is a boy in our classroom,4._ _?5.4.There were many cars in the street,6._ _?7.5.There will be robots in our families,8._ _?isnt shearent they isnt therewerent therewont there三、特殊用法三、特殊用法(二二）6.Sit down please,_?7

12、.Please call me,_?8.Lets go home,_?9.Let us go home,_?10.Let me see,_?will/wont youshall/shant we will/wont you will/wont youwill/wont you 结构二：结构二：前否，前否，+后肯后肯 1.You arent an actor,_ _?2.He isnt a good boy,_ _?3.It wasnt fine yesterday,_ _?4.It doesnt rain here,_ _?5.His sister doesnt have a headache

13、,_ _?6.You didnt call me yesterday,_ _?are you is hedoes itdoes she was itdid you7.You wont go to U.S.A.,_ _?8.There isnt a boy in our classroom,_ _?9.There werent many cars in the street,_ _?10.Dont smoke,_ _?11.Dont lets do it,_ _？will youis therewere therewill youshall weDont smoke in the meeting

14、 room,_?(A)do you (B)will you(C)can you (D)could you-否定祈使句 will you My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?(A)has he (B)does he(C)hasnt he (D)doesnt he His sister had a bad cough,_ she?(A)wasnt (B)doesnt(C)hadnt (D)didnt When and where to build the lab hasnt been decided,_?A.hasnt it B.have

15、they C.was it D.has itLets go and play football,_?Thats wonderful.(A)will you (B)do you(C)wont you (D)shall weLet us go now,_?(A)will you (B)do you(C)shouldnt you (D)shall weLets shall we;let us will you.John can hardly understand any Chinese,_ he?(A)cant (B)doesnt (C)can (D)does-陈述部分含有 few,little,s

16、eldom,havdly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none,neither 等，反问句应用肯定结构。I dont think you are right,_?(A)do I (B)dont I (C)are you (D)arent you He doesnt think you are right,_?(A)does he (B)doesnt he (B)(C)are you (D)arent you反意问句的回答方法反意问句的回答方法eg.“You havent been to Beijing,have you?”“_.How I wish t

17、o go there!”A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I havent C.No,I have D.No,I havent 在回答此类问题时在回答此类问题时,应尊重事实应尊重事实,即如果事即如果事实是实是肯定肯定的，就用的，就用“Yes+肯定结构肯定结构”；如；如果事实是果事实是否定否定的，就用的，就用“No+否定结构否定结构”。D(是的是的,没有没有.)-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.he works at a school.A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isnt C.No,he is D.Yes,he is 祈使句祈使句祈使

18、句用以表示命令、请求、叮嘱或建议，主语通常省略。肯定式谓语动词用原形，否定式用“Dont(Never)动词原形”。如：Turn on the light.开灯。Dont turn on the light.不要开灯。_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A.When leftB.Leaving C.If you leaveD.Leave _ down the radio-the babys asleep in the next room.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.TurnDont be late again,Mike?

19、_.A.No,I dont B.Dont worryC.Sorry,I wont D.I dont know【解析解析】选选C。他是一名多好的学生啊！他是一名多好的学生啊！What a good student he is!=How good a student is!修饰修饰单数可数名词单数可数名词的感叹句的感叹句,既可以既可以 由由what引导引导,也可以由也可以由how引导引导,但但 句式不同句式不同,不定冠词不定冠词a的位置也不同。的位置也不同。感叹句感叹句感叹句往往由感叹句往往由what和和how引导。引导。感叹句用法很简单感叹句用法很简单,How和和What放句前；放句前；How与

20、形、副词类连与形、副词类连,What后面名词添；后面名词添；主语谓语不用变主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见。省掉它们也常见。单项选择。单项选择。1._ a nice watch it is！A.How B.What C.What a D.How a2._ bright the lights are!A.What B.What a C.How D.how a BC3._ hard work it is!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 4._ day it is!Its rainy again.A.How bad B.What a bad C.How fine D.W

21、hat a fineBB5、（、（）the mooncakes are！A、How deliciousB、How a deliciousC、What deliciousD、What a delicious6、（、（）-thick ice！Would you like to go skating？A、What B、How C、What a D、How aAA7._ great day it will be!A.How a B.What a C.How D.What8._ expensive trousers!A.What B.What a C.How D.What an9._ useful wo

22、rk they have done!A.What B.How C.What a D.What anBAAl10._ nice picture you gave me!l A.How B.What l C.What a D.What anl11._ careless he is!A.What B.How l C.So much D.How muchCB_nice it is today!_ a nice day it is today!_ ugly animals they are!_ clean rooms they are!_ clever a boy is!_ noise they are

23、 making!_ a famous band SHE is!_ nice the present is!_ brave boys they are!How;what()1.(2011 年年 广广 东东 )Alice had nothing for breakfast this morning,_？No.She got up too late.Ahad sheCdid sheBhadnt she Ddidnt she解析：前面陈述句中有表示否定的 nothing，动词 had 是实义动词，故反意疑问句要借助助动词 did，选 C。C()2.(2011 年广东河源年广东河源)Lets go to

24、 the cinema to see a film,_？BAwill youBshall weCwont youDdont you解析：前面是 Lets 开头的祈使句，其反意疑问句应用 shall we。()3.(2011 年广东河源年广东河源)Peter,_ do you visit Your grandparents?D Twice a month.Ahow longChow farDhow often解析：由答语可知是对频率提问，故用 how often，表示“多久一次”。Bhow soon()4.(2011 年广东河源年广东河源)_ delicious beef!Well.You ca

25、n eat more if you like it.AWhatBWhat aCHowDHow a解析：what 引导的感叹句句式为“What(a/an)形容词名词(主语谓语)！”，beef 是不可数名词，故选 A。A()5.(2011 年广东广州年广东广州)I hear the tall girl wearing glasses isyour new classmate.Shes from America,_？Ahas sheChasnt sheBisnt sheDdoes she解析：前面陈述句是肯定句，其 be 动词为 is，故反意疑问句中用 isnt。B()6.(2011 年年 广广 东

26、东 佛佛 山山 )_ cute the monkeys arewhen they ask for food!AAHowBWhatCWhat a解析：how 引导的感叹句句式为“How形容词主语谓语！”，故选 A。()7.(2011 年年 广广 东东 佛佛 山山 )_ is the history ofBTsinghua University?100 years.AHow soonBHow longCHow far解析：由答语可知是提问时间长短的，故用 how long，意为“多长时间”。()8.(2011 年年 广广 东东 肇肇 庆庆 )The students in Class Two pl

27、ayed basketballagainst Class One yesterday,_？BAdid theyBdidnt they 解析：陈述句部分是肯定句，且谓语动词为 played，故其反意疑问句要借助助动词 did 且为否定形式。选 B。Cwerent they()9.(2011 年年 深深 圳圳 )There is something wrong withyour bike,_？B 解析：there be 句型的反意疑问句主语仍用 there，且陈述句部分是肯定的，故其反意疑问句用否定形式；have sth.done 使某事被做。Yes.Ill have it _ tomorrow.

28、Aisnt it;mendBisnt there;mendedCisnt it;mendedDisnt there;mend10.(2011 年广东深圳年广东深圳)_ good time we had atthe party last night!CYes.It was _ exciting party that I would neverforget it.AWhat;soCWhat a;such anBHow;suchDHow a;so an解析：what 引导的感叹句句式为“What(a/an)形容词名词(主语谓语)！”，time 在此为可数名词，意为“一段时光”；such 修饰名词时常

29、用于结构“sucha/an形容词名词”。故选 C。()11.(2011 年广东茂名年广东茂名)Dont open the door,_？Aarent youBdont you 解析：祈使句的反意疑问句用 will/wont you，因陈述句部分是否定的，故用 will you。Adoesnt heCdoes heBisnt heDis he解析：have 表示“拥有”时，其反意疑问句有两种形式：“hasnt(复数 havent，过去时 hadnt)主语”或“doesnt(复数dont，过去时 didnt)主语”，故选 A。Cwill you()12.(2010 年广东年广东)The boy h

30、as a new MP4,_？ACA()13.(2010 年广东)_ will you come back?In an hour.AHow soonCHow farBHow oftenDHow long解析：由答语可知是提问“多久以后”，故用 how soon。()14.(2010 年年 广广 东东 茂茂 名名 )Do you know _Mr.Smith comes to the shop?Once a week.Ahow often Bhow long解析：根据答语“Once a week.”可知是提问频率，故选 A。AChow soon()15.(2010 年广东湛江年广东湛江)Ther

31、e is some beef in the fridge,_？Yes,there is.Ais thereChas thereBisnt thereDhasnt there解析：陈述句部分为 there is，故反意疑问部分用 isnt there。()16.(2010 年年 广广 东东 深深 圳圳 )Lets go to the zoo by taxi,_？DMaybe we can go there _.Its not far.Awont you;on footCshall we;by footBwont you;by footDshall we;on foot解析：Lets 开头的祈使句

32、，其反意疑问句用 shall we；表示“步行”用 on foot。B()17.(2010 年广东佛山年广东佛山)_ sad we felt at the news ofCthe Yushu earthquake!AWhatBWhat a 解析：how 引导的感叹句句式为“How形容词主语谓语！”，故选 C。CHow1.Im late,_?2.Jim works hard,_?3.Mr.Smith will not go to Beijing,_?4.They havent been to Shanghai,_?5.She had little water,_?6.They had to le

33、ave early,_?7.He didnt say that we would succeed,_?8.I believe he will come to the meeting,_?8.I didnt think the story was interesting,_?9.Everything has been ready,_?10.Anyone could hardly know the answer,_?完成下列反意问句。完成下列反意问句。arent Idoesnt hewill hehave theyhad she/did shedidnt theywont hewas ithasn

34、t itcould he/could theydid he11.We need to do it,_?12.They neednt go now,_?13.Nothing is wrong with your TV set,_?14.You must go home right now,_?15.You mustnt walk on grass,_?16.You must be tired,_?17.Lets sing a song together,_?18.Let us sing a song,_?19.Have a couple of tea,_?20.Dont be careless,

35、_?21.You had better not talk like that,_?dont weneed theyis itneednt youmust youarent youshall wewill youwill you/would youwill youhad you22.He ought not to be late,_?23.There are a number of apples in the tree,_?24.This is very useful,_?25.The Smiths used to live in London,_?_?26.He disagreed with me,_?27.You dislike the film,_?28.He seldom has lunch at school,_?29.What a find day,_?ought he/should hearent thereisnt itusednt theydidnt hedont youdoes heisnt itdidnt they