高三英语定语从句考点透视.ppt
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1、高考英语专题指导课件:高考英语专题指导课件:定语从句考点透视定语从句考点透视考点:考点:1.关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换,但哪些情况只能用that?2.有哪些情况关系代词不用有哪些情况关系代词不用that,而用,而用which,who,whom?3.在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词?4.名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom知多少?5.如何恰当使用when,where,why与which,that引导的定语从句?6.如何用好whose 引导的定语从句?7.as 和 which 的区别知多少?8.定语从句定语从句运用中的注意点运用中的注意点The man who li
2、ves next to us sells vegetables.先行词先行词:先行,被修饰的名词:先行,被修饰的名词定语从句定语从句:名词后面:名词后面,修饰名词的从句修饰名词的从句 next to uswho lives关系代词关系代词:引导从句引导从句,在从句中代替在从句中代替先行词先行词一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被修饰限定的词叫先行词,引导定语从句修饰限定的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,包括关系代词和关系副的词叫关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。定语从句可分为两种,即限制性定词。定语从句可分为两种,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。语从句和
3、非限制性定语从句。基本概念基本概念关系词关系词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词thatwhichwhomwhoseaswhenwhywhowhere 正确使用关系正确使用关系 词词主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语指指代代人或物人或物功功能能指指代代时间时间地点地点原因原因功功能能选择依据:选择依据:1)弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分,是主语、)弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分,是主语、宾语、定语还是状语宾语、定语还是状语2)辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、)辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、地点、原因地点、原因3)判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的)判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的(
4、只有只有that,why不能引导非限制性从句不能引导非限制性从句)关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换,但哪些情况只能用that?考点一 在以下几种场合只能用在以下几种场合只能用thatA.先行词先行词(指物指物)本身是不定代词本身是不定代词all,everything,anything,nothing(something除外),除外),little,much或先行词被不定或先行词被不定 代词修饰代词修饰Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.B.先行词兼有指人和指物的名词先行词兼有指人和指物的名词C.先行词先行词(指物指物)被被 the very,the only
5、,the next,the last 等修饰等修饰D.先行词先行词(指物指物)被形容词最高级和序数词以及被形容词最高级和序数词以及first,last,only,very等词修饰等词修饰ThisisthebestTVthatismadeinChina.E.当主句是当主句是which/who引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。Whothatyouhaveeverseencandoitbetter?有哪些情况关系代词不用有哪些情况关系代词不用thatthat,而用,而用whichwhich,whowho,whomwhom?考点二考点二1、在非限制性定语从句中,指事物用、在非限制性定语从句中,指事物
6、用which,指人用指人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.whichwhichwhowhomFill in the b
7、lanks1.Herbag,inwhichsheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyedhimselfverymuch.2、在介词后面,指事物用、在介词后面,指事物用 which,指人用指人用whom.在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词?考点三考点三1.The girl _ whom he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.2
8、.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.3.He referred to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.方法方法1.1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配foronwithFill in the blanks方法方法2.2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配配1.He made a hole in the wall,_ which he could see what was going on o
9、utside the house.2.The librarian _whom I just shook hands works heart and soul.through with方法方法3 3、根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配行词搭配1.The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.2.This is our classroom,_(在(在前面)前面)which there is a teachers desk.atin the front of名词/代词/数词+of+wh
10、ich/whom知多少?考点四考点四1.The committee consists of 20 members and5 of them are women.2.The book contains 50 poems,and most of them were written in 1930s.3.I have a sentence,and the meaning of it I dont understand.The committee consists of 20 members,5 of whom are women.The book contains 50 poems,most of
11、which were written in 1930s.I have a sentence,the meaning of which I dont understand.Rewrite the following sentences名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+of 表示物用表示物用which表示人用表示人用whomConclusion如何恰当使用when,where,why与which,that引导的定语从句?考点五考点五The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.This is the town _I spent my chi
12、ldhood.where/in whichwhich/thatIll never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.when/on which which/thatThis is the reason _ I didnt come here.why/for which The reason _ she gave was not true.which/that1.1.先行词是表示先行词是表示地点地点,时间时间,原因原因的名词用来的名词用来引导定语从句引导定语
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