牛津高一英语M1U3定语从句全面复习课件1.ppt

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1、Revision of The Attributive Clause 定语从句全面复习定语从句全面复习定语从句复习定语从句复习定定语语从从句句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句在从句中起定语作用，修饰句定语从句在从句中起定语作用，修饰句中的中的某一名词或代词某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰，被定语从句修饰的词叫的词叫先行词先行词(Antecedent)。定语从句需定语从句需用关系词用关系词(relative pronou

2、ns and(relative pronouns and adverbs)adverbs)：Attributive Clause:表语表语(predictive)表语表语(predictive)：是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语一般放在联系动词(link verb)之后，换句话说，凡是放在联系动词后面的都叫表语。常见的联系动词有：be,fall,feel,smell,sound,taste,seem,appear,look,等。She is a teacher.I fell ill yesterday.He looked tired.The problem is when we c

3、an get the money.状语状语(adverbial)：状语状语(adverbial)：说明事物发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、程度或伴随等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由副词、分词、短语及状语从句来担任。例：We went to the countryside last year by train for a holiday.去年我们去了乡下。Adverbial：last year(时间)by train（方式）for a holiday(目的)Im late because I missed the bus.（原因状语）He is reading in the clas

4、sroom.（地点状语）先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly.2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine=thatthe boy=whothe boys=whosein the school=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复

5、指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词基础知识回顾基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义关系词及其意义指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewhere（=介词介词+which）when(=介词介词+which）why(=for+which）关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归归纳纳总总结结不可省关系代词关系代词 主语主语 宾语宾语介宾介宾 定语定语 人人WhoThat WhoW

6、hom That Whom Whose 物物ThatwhichThatwhichwhichWhose=Of which关系代词在从句中关系代词在从句中做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略何时可以省略？何时可以省略？whose 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作定语定语，表示引表示引导词与导词与 whose 后的后的名词为所属关系名词为所属关系。whose指人，也可指物，指物时可与指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。互换使用。This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book(,)of which the cover is blue

7、.This is the book(,)the cover of which is blue.难用的难用的 whosewhoseThe boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.The boss had heard about the accident.Mr King worked in his department.his难用的难用的 whosewhosewhose whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句表示所属关系。表示所属关系。There are in this class 20 stude

8、nts,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that yo

9、u speak.on the day=whenin the house=wherefor the reasons=whyin the way=that关系副词实际上是关系副词实际上是介词先行词介词先行词注意注意 1 1若若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yes

10、terday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich/that7注意注意若若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.when(whichthat)whichthat1.Ill never forget the days_ w

11、e worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/which难点解析：几种易混的情况难点解

12、析：几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词注意注意 2 2区分区分where引导的定语从句和状引导的定语从句和状语从句语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则定语从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books,you had better make a mark where you have any questions.Is this t

13、he factory _ we visited last week?Is this factory _ we visited last week?Is this the factory _ his father works?(that/which)the one(that)where 介词加关系代词的基本用法The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?Did yo

14、u find the paper _ I wrote my letter?with whomin whichwith whichon whichThis is the house which/that we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。nonrestrictiverestrictive非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是句中是句中不可缺少的组成部分不可缺少的组成部分；主句和从句之间主句和从句之间不用逗

15、不用逗号号隔开。隔开。非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句是是对主对主句先行词的补充说明句先行词的补充说明，没，没有这种从句不影响主句意有这种从句不影响主句意思完整。一般思完整。一般用逗号用逗号把主把主句和从句分开。句和从句分开。引导词：关系代词和引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作关系副词，作宾语宾语时时一些关系代词一些关系代词可以省可以省略略引导词：引导词：as,who,whom,whose,which,when,where等，等，不用不用that或或why,不能省略不能省略Conclusion非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the exam._

16、 made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.5.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that1.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.which1.that与与which2.对对the way的考查的考查3.介词介词+关系词关系词4.as的使用的使用5.对对where的考查的考

17、查6.综合考查综合考查考考点点难难点点1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点

18、1：that 与与 which1:先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等等修饰时修饰时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2：先行词被形容词先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that。4:先行词被先行词被the

19、 very,the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。5：当先行词前面当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，只用时，只用 that。1.指物，介词后。指物，介词后。2.用于非限制定语从句中用于非限制定语从句中只使用只使用that应应遵循的规则遵循的规则只使用只使用which应应遵循的规则遵循的规则不用不用that，而用而用which，who，whom的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk s

20、everal months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhowhom在在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom。在下列情况指人只能用在下列情况指人只能用 who 而不用而不用thatThe ones who are often late should be punished.Anyone who breaks the law is punished.1.先行词是先行词是one/one

21、s/anyone 时要用时要用whoThose who break the law are punished.Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.He who laughs last laughs best.2.先行词为先行词为 those,he 时用时用“who”而不用“that”.下列情况只能下列情况只能用用whichHis dog,which was very old now,became ill and died.Which is the car,the owner of which you know?1.非限定性的定

22、语从句非限定性的定语从句2.介词后面介词后面填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（04

23、湖北）湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.5.(06浙江浙江)I was given three books on cooking,the first

24、_I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/that I will look after.4.译译：这这是我要照是我要照顾顾的小孩。的小孩。结论结论:介词介词 关系代词引导的关系代词引导的定语从句定语从句,关键是判断介词的关键是判断介词的选择选择,方法一是看从句谓语部方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断含义来判断,结合生活实际来结合生活实际来判断判

25、断.3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.Aswhich难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法asthatwhich1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat归纳归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,the same,so,as 修饰，

26、即构成修饰，即构成suchas,the same as,soas,结构，做题时容易忽略。结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as 与与which引导定语从句引导定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句内容，但定语从，但定语从句位于句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as,意为意为“正如正如、恰如恰如”。模拟训练模拟训练：1.He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_.（04 模拟训练）模拟训练）A.as;him B.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.M

27、rs.Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery.A.the same;as B.the same;where C.the same;that D.as the same;as（05 模拟训练）模拟训练）1.Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在

28、随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和和case等表示抽象意义等表示抽象意义的词，常用的词，常用where 引引导，意思是导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中,在某种在某种情况下情况下”。1.We are trying to r

29、each a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.（06山东）山东）A.which B.that C.where D.when2.-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.（06江西）江西）A.why B.where C.how D./高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵活：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分要分析句子成分，选择恰当的，选择恰当的关系词。关系词。wherethat1.This is the libra

30、ry_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3.-Where did you last see Mr.Smith?-It was in the hotel_ I lived.A.that B.which C.where D.when难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要名

31、词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。友情提示友情提示难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从句的疑问句句的疑问句Is this house _ you visited last year?A.where B.that C which D.the oneIs this the house_you visited last year?A.where B.that C.in which D.the one D B3.Ill give you my friends home addre

32、ss,_ I can be reached most evenings.（08北京卷）A.which B.when C.whom D.where4.All the neighbor admire this family,_the parents are treating their child like a friend.（2008安徽卷）A.why B.where C.which D.that 这两道题非常相似。两句的先行词分别为address和family，后面的从句缺少地点状语，所以要用in which 或where作为关系词连接。第3题稍微有些难度。首先，有些同学没有理解这句话的意思，“我会给你我朋友的家庭住址。在这个地址，大部分的晚上你都可以找到我”。后面的句子如果改写为“you can reach me most evenings”则更容易理解。Practice makes perfect!Practice makes perfect!May you succeed in your studies!May you succeed in your studies!