新课标名词性从句高考考点.ppt

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1、名词性从句解题思路及考点聚焦名词性从句解题思路及考点聚焦一 解题思路解题思路1.先找出复合句中主句主句的谓语动词，然后根据该从句从句在复合句中的位置位置来判断其属于主语主语从句、宾语宾语从句、表语表语从句、同位语同位语从句中的哪一种。名词性从句相当于名词性从句相当于名词名词，可以作为主句的主，可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。语、表语、宾语和同位语。2 “先成分后含义先成分后含义”-先分析引导词在从句中的成分，之后靠含义直接翻译即可。C:若做状语成分状语成分，引导词用 when,where,why,how,how+形容词或副词。B :若不做任何成分不做任何成分，引导词用that,if,w

2、hether(是否)，只起连接作用，不能省略A 若做名词性名词性成分(即 主语主语、宾语宾语、表语表语、定语定语)，引导词用what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whicheverThis is why I didnt come.Nobody knows what you said I dont agree with what you said.The idea that well go out for a picnic is great。What you said is true.小结小结:(1)(1)主语主语从句一般在从句一

3、般在主句之前主句之前，除了，除了itit做做形式形式主语主语外外.(2).(2)表语表语从句位于从句位于系动词之后系动词之后(3)(3)宾语宾语从句位于从句位于及物动词及物动词或或介词之后介词之后(4)(4)同位语同位语从句位于从句位于名词之后名词之后，但注意区分定语从句和，但注意区分定语从句和同位语从句。同位语从句。1.名词性从句的语序问题2.引导词that 与what区别3.it在名词性从句中做形式主语或形式宾语的用法4.whether 与if 区别5.疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句和no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.名词性从句的虚拟语气的问题二二 名词性从句考点聚焦名词

4、性从句考点聚焦2.引导词that与what区别：whatwhat在名词性从句中可充在名词性从句中可充当当主主语、语、宾宾语语,定定语和语和表表语，引导语，引导主语主语从句时，其谓从句时，其谓语动词的语动词的单复数单复数依句意而定；依句意而定；thatthat不充当不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，引导主语从句时，常用引导主语从句时，常用itit做做形式主语形式主语，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单单数数;引导引导宾语从句宾语从句时常被时常被省略省略。另外，。另外，thatthat从句一般从句一般不做介词不做介词的宾语，但的宾语，但inin,excep

5、texcept,butbut,besidesbesides 除除外。外。in that:“in that:“因为因为”;except that“”;except that“除了除了”;but that:“”;but that:“要不是要不是”。1.名词性从句的语序问题:定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句都是陈述句语序。_ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London._ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic_ is known to us all,t

6、he 2012 OlympicA It B What C As D WhichCABwhat what 引导主语从句，并在从句中做主语。引导主语从句，并在从句中做主语。ItIt做形式主语，真正主语是做形式主语，真正主语是thatthat从句。从句。as as 引导非限定语从句，并在从句中做主语。引导非限定语从句，并在从句中做主语。3（1）it做形式主语形式主语，放在句首，真正主语是that引导的主语从句主语从句。常用句型如下：4 It is/was+n(a pity,an honour,a surprise)+that从句5 It is/was +adj(important,natural,n

7、ecessary)+that从句6 It is/was+动词过去分词动词过去分词(said,reported,thought,believed)+that从句7 It+不及物动词不及物动词(appear,seem,happen)+that 从句（2）某些动词find,think,make,consider等后面可以用it做形式宾语，再跟adj/n 做宾补宾补。We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.He has made it clear that he will not give up.1._ is

8、quite common for people to believe that more and more teenagers have become addicted to on-line.2.A As B That C What D It 3.2._ is said in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive next Monday.4.A It B That C What D As 4 if 引导引导条件条件状语从句和状语从句和宾语宾语从句。从句。whether 引导引导宾语宾语从句、从句、主语主语从句从句(且在且在句首

9、句首)、表语表语从句和从句和同位语同位语从句。从句。当当 if 和和whether 引导宾语从句的区别，即引导宾语从句的区别，即用用 whether不用不用if的情况：的情况：(1).作作介词介词宾语宾语 It depends on whether it is fine.(2).whether 与与to do连用连用 I m not sure whether to leave today.(3).whether or not He can not decide whether or not she was ready.(4).作作discuss 的宾语的宾语 We are discussing

10、 whether we will hold a meeting this weekend._ you can go to college this year depends on _ you are studying hard now.A That;that B Whether;whetherC If;if D That;if 5.5.“疑问词疑问词+ever+ever”与与 “no matter+no matter+疑问疑问词词”的应用的应用前者不前者不仅可引导仅可引导名词性从句名词性从句，也可以引导，也可以引导让让步状语从句步状语从句。后者只能引导。后者只能引导让步状语从句让步状语从句。w

11、hatever=anything thatwhoever=anyone whowhat=the thing(s)which/that.whatever/whoever表示任何一个人或事物，表示任何一个人或事物，无范围无范围而言，语气较强烈，而而言，语气较强烈，而what 和和 who 指具体的人或物，有指具体的人或物，有特定的范围特定的范围。The king promised to marry his daughter to _ defeated the enemy.A who B whoever C whom D whomever（1）主语从句主语从句 It is/was necessary

12、/important/natural/strange+that从句从句It is a pity/a shame/no wonder+that 从从句It is suggested/requested/proposed/desired/recommended+that从句从句以上that引导的主语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“（should）+do”.6名词性从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气的问题 (2)(2)宾语宾语从句从句 在表示在表示要求、命令、建议要求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句等动词后面的宾语从句中常用中常用“（should should）+do+do”.”.(坚决要求坚决要求)insist

13、insist；(命令命令)order,command)order,command；（建议建议）suggest,propose,advise,recommend suggest,propose,advise,recommend ;(要求要求)request,require,desire,demand)request,require,desire,demand 三三 名词性从句应注意事项：名词性从句应注意事项：1定语从句和同位语从句的区别2（1）定语定语从句对先行词先行词(名词或代词名词或代词)进行修修饰限制饰限制；同位语同位语从句对先行词先行词(名词名词)进行解释解释说明其内容说明其内容。3（2

14、）thatthat引导定语定语从句时，是关系代词关系代词，在从句中做成分做成分，如果做宾语宾语，可以省略省略；而在同位语从同位语从句中，thatthat是连接词连接词，没有意义，不做成分，且不能省略不能省略。2连接词thatthat引导几个并列几个并列的宾语从句宾语从句时，只有第一个第一个宾语从句前的thatthat可以省略可以省略，从第二个第二个分句分句开始，其前的that均不能省略不能省略。The news that we won the game is exciting.The news that John told me is exciting.Nobody believed his

15、reason for being absent from the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.（2006重庆）A.why B.that C.where D.because A thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday(2006安徽)A if B when C that Dwhich 3其它特殊用法：(1)whatdo with?/how deal with?(2)W

16、hat do you think of/about?(3)How do you find/like/feel about?(4)(3)What 与 how 构成感叹句时的区别：(5)What a/an+adj+n单 +主+V！(6)What adj+Un/n复+主+V！(7)How adj+a/an +n单+主+V！(8)How adj/adv+主+V！4、doubt 用于肯定句中，宾语从句可以用if 或whether 引导。I doubt if/whether you will come for a visit tomorrow.doubt 用于否定句或疑问句中，从句用 that 引导。Th

17、ere is no doubt that he will come.5.5.当当be surebe sure 引导的引导的主句主句用于用于肯定肯定句句时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用thatthat;当当be surebe sure引导的引导的主句用否定形式主句用否定形式时，时，后面的名词的连接词常用后面的名词的连接词常用whetherwhether/ifif.I am sure that he will come.I am not sure whether/if he will come.6 否定转移否定转移主句的谓语动词是主句的谓语动词是think,cons

18、ider,think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagineimagine 等表示等表示“认为，相信，猜测认为，相信，猜测”的动词时，其后的宾语从句如果含有否的动词时，其后的宾语从句如果含有否定意义，习惯上把定意义，习惯上把否定词放在主句的谓否定词放在主句的谓语动词语动词上，但上，但否定的是从句否定的是从句。I I dondont thinkt think his answer is his answer is right.right.(1)(1)当当主句主句是第是第一一人称，谓语动词是一般人称，谓语动词是一般现在时，其现在时，其反意疑问句部分常与从句反意疑问句部分常与从句的主谓语的主谓语保持一致保持一致。(2)(2)I I dondont believe t believe he ishe is right,right,is heis he?(2)当当主句主句是第是第二二 三三人称时，反意疑问句人称时，反意疑问句针对主句反问，与针对主句反问，与主句的主谓语保持一致主句的主谓语保持一致。They dont believe shes an engineer,do they?