《实用文本翻译》PPT课件.ppt

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1、College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU English/Chinese TranslationFor Non-English MajorsJin XueqinJin XueqinSeptember,2010September,2010College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUNon-literary translationBusiness lettersBusiness contractsAdvertisementsSign language and slogansOfficial documentsTouri

2、sm literatureLegal documentsMedical literatureCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUBusiness contractsA contract ordinarily means an agreement between two or more persons,not merely a shared belief,but a common understanding as to something that is to be done in the future by one,both or all of t

3、hem.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUAn Official DefinitionThe Contract Law of Peoples Republic of China(1999)defines contract as follows:A contract in this Law refers to an agreement establishing,modifying and exterminating the rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing,that i

4、s,between natural persons,legal persons or other organizations.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUContents of Contract 1.Title or name of the parties 2.General Principle 3.Name of Commodity 4.Quality 5.Quantity 6.Price 7.Shipment and Delivery 8.Terms of Payment 9.Insurance 10.Inspection 11.Cla

5、im 12.Breach 13.Arbitration 14.Force Majeure College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU1.Title or name of the partiesTitle or name of the parties,for example Sales Contract,Contract for Compensation Trade.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU2.General PrincipleGeneral Principle:the signing date,p

6、lace,parties and reasons should all be included.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU3.Name of CommodityName of Commodity:the parties should all use the internationally accepted names so as to make the calculation of custom duty and ocean freight easier.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU4

7、.QualityQuality:the specifications and quality should be specified.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU5.QuantityQuantity:the calculation unit,like case,set,piece etc.and the total amount should be noted.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU6.PricePrice:it is of vital importance;the unit pr

8、ice and the total value should be clarified.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU7.Shipment and DeliveryShipment and Delivery:the ports and places of shipment and delivery should be noted according to special terms,for example,FOB Shanghai,CIF New York.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU8.

9、Terms of PaymentTerms of Payment:the payment methods should be notified,for example,L/C.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU9.Insurance Insurance:the insurer,coverage and value should be marked.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU10.InspectionInspection:the inspecting standards,methods and

10、 costs should be notified.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU11.ClaimClaim:the principle of claim,date,and the report that should be acknowledged by both parties.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU12.BreachBreach:the reasons,remedy and responsibility should all be noted for the breach an

11、d the liability for breach of contractCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU13.ArbitrationArbitration:including the arbitration range,place and Arbitration Committee.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU14.Force MajeureForce Majeure:the floods,wars and other things that against mans will.Coll

12、ege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU14.Force MajeureThe parties are relieved of responsibility for partial or complete non-fulfillment of their obligations under the present contract due to force-majeure circumstances:fire,flood,earthquake,war,military conflicts of any kind,blocade,embargo on expor

13、t or import,and if such circumstances affected directly the fulfillment of this contract.In such case the time stipulated for the fulfillment of the obligations under the contract shall be extended to the period equal to that during which such circumstances&their consequences will remain in force.按合

14、同的不可抗力条款规定,在不可抗力的情形下如果合同双方只旅行部分或完全没旅行规定的义务,双方不承担责任.该情形包括,火灾,洪水,各种海事冲突,禁止进出口,并且该情形直接作用合同实施.有这样一种情形,在规定的合同规定的义务的旅行 时间,应当延期一段时间,该情形即仍处在不可抗力期间College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU Structure of Contract Generally,the contract is made up by three parts:Preamble,Main Body and Final Clauses.PreambleMain

15、 BodyFinal ClausesCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUPreamble is actually the general principle of the contract;they always contain the corporate or personal names of the parties to the contract and their nationalities,business scope,and principal places of business or residential addresses.Fo

16、r example:COMMERCIAL CONTRACTNo.:.Date:.The Buyer:.The Seller:.Cable Address:Cable Address:.Telex Telex:College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUExample 1This contract is made and entered into this _ day of _,one thousand nine hundred _ by and between _ Co.,a

17、t _,(hereafter referred to as Party A)and _ Co.,at _(hereafter referred to as Party B).本合同于19 年 月 日由 公司，地址：（以下简称甲方）与 公司，地址：（以下简称乙方）签定。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUExample 2This contract is hereby made and concluded by and between _ Co.(hereinafter referred to as Party A)and _ Co.(hereina

18、fter referred to as Party B)on _(Date),in _(Place),China,on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.本合同双方，公司（以下简称甲方）与_ 公司（以下简称乙方），在平等互利的基础上，通过有好协商，于_年_月_日在中国（地点），特签定本合同。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU例例1：购销合同：购销合同本合同于2003年8月8日在北京签定。一方为中国公司ABC贸易有限公司，注册

19、地址为中华人民共和国北京（以下简称“卖方”）。一方为纽约公司国际贸易有限公司，注册地址为美利坚合众国纽约州纽约市（以下简称“买方”）。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUSales AgreementThis agreement,(is)made in Beijing this eighth day of August 2003 by and between ABC Trading Co.,Ltd.,a Chinese corporation having its registered office at Beijing,the Peoples R

20、epublic of China(hereafter called“Seller”)and International Trading Co.,Ltd.,a New York corporation having its registered office at New York,N.Y.,U.S.A.(hereafter called“Buyer”).College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU例例2 出口合同出口合同本合同由ABC贸易有限公司（以下简称“卖方”）和XYZ贸易有限公司（以下简称“买方”）于2005年8月5日签订。买卖双方同意按以下条款购买

21、、出售下述商品。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUExport ContractThis Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 2005 between ABC Trading Co.,Ltd.(hereinafter called“Seller”)who agrees to sell,and XYZ Trading Co.,Ltd.(hereinafter called“Buyer”)who agrees to buy the following goods on the followi

22、ng terms and conditions.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU例例3 合作经营企业合同合作经营企业合同 有限公司，遵照 法律注册的 公司（简称 ），地址：为甲方与 有限公司，遵照 法律注册的 公司（简称 ）地址：为乙方。甲方与乙方（简称双方）同意根据中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法和中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法实施条例及其他有关法律的规定，共同成立一家合作经营企业（简称“合营企业”）。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUContract for Joint-Operation

23、Enterprise _ COMPANY LTD.,a company duly organized under Law of and having its registered office at (hereinafter called“Party A”)AND COMPANY LTD.,a company duly organized under Law of and having its registered office at (hereinafter called“Party B”)Party A and Party B(hereinafter referred to as the“

24、Parties”)agree to jointly form an Equity Joint Ventures(hereinafter referred to as the“JV”)in accordance with“The Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Chinese Foreign Equity Joint Ventures”and“Regulations for the Implementation of the Laws of the Peoples Republic of China on Chinese Foreign Equit

25、y Joint Ventures”and other applicable laws and regulations.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Culture

26、s,SCU公示语翻译公示语是指在公共场所展示的文字，具有公示语是指在公共场所展示的文字，具有提供信息和完成指令的交际功能。提供信息和完成指令的交际功能。Sign refers to a lettered board or other public display placed on or before a building,room,shop or office to advertise business there transacted or the name of person or firm conducting it.(Websters Third New International

27、Dictionary)College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU广义地说，路标、广告、商品说明书、旅广义地说，路标、广告、商品说明书、旅游指南、社会宣传、告示等都是公示语。游指南、社会宣传、告示等都是公示语。It includes words of caution,public notices,bills,posters,slogans,outdoor advertisements,traffic notices and so on.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU公示语主要有四种功能 公示语具备指示功能

28、、提示功能、限制功公示语具备指示功能、提示功能、限制功能和强制功能。能和强制功能。Signs perform the following four basic functions:indicating,promoting,restricting and compelling.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU指示性公示语（Indicating）指示性公示语体现的是周到的信息服务，没有任何限制和强制意义。Indicating is to indicate or guide readers.Signs as such are also called

29、instructive/directive/guiding notices which give readers information about something.Information 问询服务Car Rental 租车服务Travel Service 旅游服务Take Away 外卖服务Duty Free Shop 免税店 Admission Free 免票入场College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU提示性公示语（Prompting）通过公示语提供的信息使人们明白应该怎样做，通过公示语提供的信息使人们明白应该怎样做，或怎样做符合规定，这便是公

30、示语的提示性功能。或怎样做符合规定，这便是公示语的提示性功能。Prompting has no striking difference from indicating except that the former carries the tone of warning.It aims at reminding readers of paying considerable attention to signs.此处发现鳖鱼此处发现鳖鱼Shark sighted!Reserved 预留席位Wet Paint 油漆未干Beverage Not Included 酒水另付College of Fore

31、ign Languages&Cultures,SCU限制性公示语（Restricting）限制性公示语限制性公示语对相关公众的行为提出限制、约束要求,语言应用直截了当，但不会使人感到强硬、粗暴、无理。Unlike the two functions mentioned above,signs that perform restricting function put restrictions and constraints to readers,who are expected to abide by certain rules in the interest of public.Restri

32、cting signs are to keep or confine within limits.Give Way 让路Ticket Only 凭票入场60km/h(限速)60 公里/小时Handicapped Only 残疾人通道Stand in Line 站队等候等Passengers Only 送客止步 College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU强制性公示语（Compelling）指令和警示是指用公示语的信息来指导人们的行为，具有指令和警示是指用公示语的信息来指导人们的行为，具有十分明显的强制效果。十分明显的强制效果。To put it simpl

33、e,compelling signs have great power and potency to induce action or brief.With its tough tone,negative words aratively uniform sentence structures,there is slight possibility of any alternatives.具有指令功能的公示语用词简洁有力。多用具有指令功能的公示语用词简洁有力。多用“NO”，“FORBIDDEN”等否定意义的词汇，句型结构也较单一，等否定意义的词汇，句型结构也较单一，常常使用祈使句。常常使用祈使句

34、。No smoking严禁吸烟！No U-Turns严禁调头！No Minors Allowed 儿童严禁入内 College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU“静态”和“动态”信息公示语信息的“静态”和“动态”意义公示语体现的功能不同,所展示的信息状态也就不同;公示语信息既有“静态”,也有“动态”。公示语所体现的信息状态是汉英翻译中词性选择和使用的决定性因素。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU“静态”信息 突出服务、指示功能的公示语广泛应用于旅游设施,旅游景点、旅游服务、商业设施、体育设施、文化设施、卫生设施、

35、宗教会所、科教机构、涉外机构、街区名称、旅游信息咨询等方面,如:International Departure 国际出发Internet Cafe 网吧Drinking Water 饮用水Press Main Center 主新闻中心EXPWAY 高速路Shopping Mall 购物商城这类公示语往往展示的是具有“静态”意义的信息。College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU“动态”信息突出提示、限制、强制功能的公示语广泛应用于公共交通、公共设施、紧急救援等方面,更多地使用展现“动态”意义的语汇表达,如:Turn Right 向右转弯Arrived(航班

36、)抵达No Photographing 严禁拍照No Tipping 谢绝小费Hold The Hand Rail 抓紧扶手College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU常见错误翻译油漆未干!Wet Paint!/The paint is wet!远离火源!Go away from fire!/Keep Fire Away!闲人免进:No admittance except on business/Staff Only 筒面Tube Surface/dried noodle老年旅行服务中心Agedness Travel Service Heartland/S

37、enior Citizens Travel Services娱乐天地 Amusement Heaven and Earth/Recreation ParadiseCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU指令不清楚狮狒馆Lion/Baboon狐猴馆lemurs木径鸟语Footpath WoodenCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU意图被歪曲出口Export欢迎下次再来Welcome you again小心掉到河里Carefully fall down to the RiverCollege of Forei

38、gn Languages&Cultures,SCU语气不和谐宾客止步 Guest go no further/Passengers Only遇到火灾，勿用电梯。When there is a fire，dont use the elevator!/Dont use the elevator in case of fire!危难时刻 迅速报警。Being Urgent Call 110 Quickly/Emergency Call 110College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU术语不匹配眼科医院Eye Hospita1/Ophthalmology Hos

39、pital留学生公寓Foreign Students Dormitory Building/International Students Building警务工作站Police Affairs Station/Police StationCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUThe A-B-C approach to Translating Public SignsAdapt Approach（仿译）Borrow Approach（借用）Create Approach（创译）College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,

40、SCUAdapt（仿译）1）Adapt the existing English signs超值享受Best Value数量有限 售完为止Subject to Availability山路多弯道，行车须安全！Twists Ahead.Drive with Care.碧水清清，却亦无情，河湍势险，请勿戏水。Danger:Deep Water!/Deep Water!Beware!College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUAdapt（仿译）2）Mime the English proverbs,poems and mottoes 桂林山水甲天下。East o

41、r West,Guilin Landscape is best!与其道听途说，不如亲身体验。Using is believing.College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUBorrow/Back Translation（借用）1)Parking signs borrowed 限时停车 Time Limit Parking多层停车场 Parkade(blend of park and arcade)收费停车场 Pay Parking College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU2)The established exp

42、ressions borrowed(mainly commerce facilities including shops,malls,marketplaces and etc.)综合商店 Variety Store邮购服务 Mail Order Retailing蔬菜水果店 Grocery StoreCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCU请勿打扰Do Not Disturb勿踏草坪 Keep Off The GrassCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCreate Approach（创译）宁停三分，不抢

43、一秒!It pays to stop to wait for three minutes rather than rush to gain one second.(F)Its far better to arrive late in this world than early in the next.(T)司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪!When a man mixes drink with drive,he is likely to bring tears to his wife.(F)Drink and drive costs your life.(T)College of Foreign Lan

44、guages&Cultures,SCUIn-Class Translation Practice(1)Translate the following public signs into English:易碎物品，小心轻放！勿将食物和饮料带入教室！请勿乱扔废弃物!桥上严禁超车!国际出发（机场）严禁拍照谢绝小费 餐饮部（饭店）College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUEnglish Version(1)Fragile,Handle With CareNo Littering!No Overtaking On BridgeInternational Depar

45、tureNo PhotographingNo TippingFood&BeverageCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUIn-Class Translation Practice(2)Translate the following public signs into English:1有人/无人（厕所）2自备零钞，恕不找赎（公共汽车）3谢谢惠顾！（超市出口处）4欢迎再次光临（超市出口处）5仓库重地，闲人免入！6严禁停车，违者拖车！7小心地滑！8公园内严禁遛狗！9来也匆匆，去也冲冲！（厕所）10当心碰头！College of Foreign Lan

46、guages&Cultures,SCUEnglish Version(2)Occupied/VacantExact Fare/Ready PleaseThank you for your custom.Please call again!Warehouse:Authorized Persons OnlyTow-Away ZoneCaution:Wet FloorWalking Dogs Not Allowed In This Park!Flush After Use!Watch Your head!College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUIn-Clas

47、s Translation Practice(3)Translate the following public signs into English:1112岁以下儿童免费12拒绝外带食品和酒水（餐馆）13车门向内开，请勿靠近（公交车内）14闭路电视监控区15坐妥后请系好安全带16勿将食物或饮料带入教室17单行道（道路标志）18出租马匹！19请为长者和残疾人士让座（公交车内）20保持安静，谢谢合作！College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUEnglish Version(3)Free For Children Under 12No Outside Foo

48、d Or Beverage Please!Stand Clear/Inward Opening DoorCCTV in OperationFasten Seat Belt While SeatedNo Food Or Drinks Allowed In ClassroomsOne Way!Horses For Rent!Priority Seating For Seniors And Disabled Passengers!Thank You For Keeping Your Voice Down!College of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege

49、 of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign L

50、anguages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cultures,SCUCollege of Foreign Languages&Cult