windows sdk编程系列文章28 ---- 遍历USB设备,获取扫描.doc

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1、windows sdk编程系列文章 - 遍历USB设备，获取扫描仪序列号之一2008-08-08 16:33理论: 对于USB接口的设备，现在越来越多了。本篇我们就通过获取一个USB扫描仪设备中的序列号，来介绍如何获取usb设备的一些硬件信息。对于usb设备都是采用HCD0,HCD1,HCD2,HCD3等符号描述的。如下图：因此，有了这个名字，我们就可以使用CreateFile来打开usb设备。然后使用DeviceIoControl函数与usb设备通讯了。HCD是host controller driver的简写。需要了解详情的，还要仔细的阅读usb协议。usb的通讯基本步骤如下图所示：基本步

2、骤： 1）打开HCD%X 2) 得到上面的USB root hub 3) 遍历usb root hub上连接的usb 设备。获取信息 4）如果有多个usb口，循环前3步。下面介绍通讯用的几个IOCTL:1)USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME ,用于获取USB设备驱动在注册表中的键名。相应的一个结构体是：typedef struct _USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME ULONG ActualLength; WCHAR DriverKeyName1; USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME, *PUSB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME;2）IOCTL_USB_G

3、ET_ROOT_HUB_NAME，用于获取root hub 键名。使用的结构体，跟上面一样。typedef struct _USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME ULONG ActualLength; WCHAR RootHubName1; USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME, *PUSB_ROOT_HUB_NAME;3）IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION，用于获取连接在root hub上的节点设备信息。也就是我们接在usb口上的所有usb设备的信息，对应的结构体：typedef struct _USB_NODE_INFORMATION USB_HUB_NODE Nod

4、eType; union USB_HUB_INFORMATION HubInformation; USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION MiParentInformation; u; USB_NODE_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_INFORMATION;typedef struct _USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION ULONG NumberOfInterfaces; USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION, *PUSB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION;typedef struct _USB_HUB_INFORMATI

5、ON USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR HubDescriptor; BOOLEAN HubIsBusPowered; USB_HUB_INFORMATION, *PUSB_HUB_INFORMATION;typedef struct _USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR UCHAR bDescriptorLength; / Length of this descriptor UCHAR bDescriptorType; / Hub configuration type UCHAR bNumberOfPorts; / number of ports on this hub USHORT

6、wHubCharacteristics; / Hub Charateristics UCHAR bPowerOnToPowerGood; / port power on till power good in 2ms UCHAR bHubControlCurrent; / max current in mA / / room for 255 ports power control and removable bitmask UCHAR bRemoveAndPowerMask64; USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR;4) IOCTL_USB_GET_

7、NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, 用于获取接在usb口上的单个usb设备的信息，对应的结构体：typedef struct _USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION ULONG ConnectionIndex; USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR DeviceDescriptor; UCHAR CurrentConfigurationValue; BOOLEAN LowSpeed; BOOLEAN DeviceIsHub; USHORT DeviceAddress; ULONG NumberOfOpenPipes; USB_CONNECT

8、ION_STATUS ConnectionStatus; USB_PIPE_INFO PipeList0; USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION;4）IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION， 用于获取usb设备的描述信息。typedef struct _USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR UCHAR bLength; UCHAR bDescriptorType; USHORT bcdUSB; UCHAR bDeviceClass; UCHA

9、R bDeviceSubClass; UCHAR bDeviceProtocol; UCHAR bMaxPacketSize0; USHORT idVendor; USHORT idProduct; USHORT bcdDevice; UCHAR iManufacturer; UCHAR iProduct; UCHAR iSerialNumber; UCHAR bNumConfigurations; USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;typedef struct _USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR UCHAR bLength

10、; UCHAR bDescriptorType; USHORT bcdUSB; UCHAR bDeviceClass; UCHAR bDeviceSubClass; UCHAR bDeviceProtocol; UCHAR bMaxPacketSize0; USHORT idVendor; USHORT idProduct; USHORT bcdDevice; UCHAR iManufacturer; UCHAR iProduct; UCHAR iSerialNumber; UCHAR bNumConfigurations; USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_DEVIC

11、E_DESCRIPTOR;typedef enum _USB_CONNECTION_STATUS NoDeviceConnected, DeviceConnected, /* failure codes, these map to fail reasons */ DeviceFailedEnumeration, DeviceGeneralFailure, DeviceCausedOvercurrent, DeviceNotEnoughPower, DeviceNotEnoughBandwidth, DeviceHubNestedTooDeeply, DeviceInLegacyHub USB_

12、CONNECTION_STATUS, *PUSB_CONNECTION_STATUS;typedef struct _USB_PIPE_INFO USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR EndpointDescriptor; ULONG ScheduleOffset; USB_PIPE_INFO, *PUSB_PIPE_INFO;typedef struct _USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR UCHAR bLength; UCHAR bDescriptorType; UCHAR bEndpointAddress; UCHAR bmAttributes; USHORT w

13、MaxPacketSize; UCHAR bInterval; USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR;需要注意一点，如果要得到pid,vid,则直接从USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR结构中取出idVendor，idProduct这两项的值就行了。如果要得到序列号，则不是取出 iSerialNumber就可以的。这里的 iSerialNumber仅仅是一个索引值。如果想得到序列号，就需要定义一个结构，然后给设备发送个请求。请求的结构如下图：代码参照GetStringDescriptor函数。可以根据iSerialNumbe

14、r偏移，取出其对应的字符串，存放在上图USB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR结构中。windows sdk编程系列文章 - 遍历USB设备，获取扫描仪序列号之二2008-08-12 16:08代码：见光盘GetSerialNo#include windows.h#include PlkUsbIo.h#include #define NUM_HCS_TO_CHECK 10/*/bool EnumUsbDevice();PCHAR GetDriverKeyName(HANDLE Hub, ULONG ConnectionIndex);PCHAR GetHCDDriverKeyName(HAND

15、LE HCD);PCHAR GetRootHubName(HANDLE HostController);PCHAR WideStrToMultiStr(PWCHAR WideStr);bool GetStringDescriptor ( HANDLE hHubDevice, ULONG ConnectionIndex, UCHAR DescriptorIndex , CHAR * outBuff); /*/int main(int argc, char* argv) EnumUsbDevice()； return 0;bool EnumUsbDevice() char HCName16; in

16、t HCNum; HANDLE hHCDev; PCHAR rootHubName; ULONG index; BOOL success; PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION connectionInfo; HANDLE hHubDevice; for (HCNum = 0; HCNum u.HubInformation.HubDescriptor.bNumberOfPorts; for (index=1; index ConnectionIndex = index; success = DeviceIoControl(hHubDevice, IOCTL_USB_

17、GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, connectionInfo, nBytes, connectionInfo, nBytes, &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) free(connectionInfo); goto end; deviceDesc = NULL; if (connectionInfo-ConnectionStatus != NoDeviceConnected) driverKeyName = GetDriverKeyName(hHubDevice, index); if (driverKeyName) free(dri

18、verKeyName); if (connectionInfo-ConnectionStatus = DeviceConnected) /取出序列号索引 UCHAR nSerialno = connectionInfo-DeviceDescriptor.iSerialNumber; CHAR OutBuff20 = 0; GetStringDescriptor(hHubDevice,connectionInfo-ConnectionIndex,nSerialno,OutBuff); /判断序列号是否有效 if(序列号是否有效) CloseHandle(hHubDevice); CloseHan

19、dle(hHCDev); return true; end:; CloseHandle(hHubDevice); CloseHandle(hHCDev); return false;PCHAR GetDriverKeyName(HANDLE Hub, ULONG ConnectionIndex) BOOL success; ULONG nBytes; USB_NODE_CONNECTION_DRIVERKEY_NAME driverKeyName; PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_DRIVERKEY_NAME driverKeyNameW; PCHAR driverKeyNameA;

20、 driverKeyNameW = NULL; driverKeyNameA = NULL; driverKeyName.ConnectionIndex = ConnectionIndex; success = DeviceIoControl(Hub, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_DRIVERKEY_NAME, &driverKeyName, sizeof(driverKeyName), &driverKeyName, sizeof(driverKeyName), &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) goto GetDriverKeyNa

21、meError; nBytes = driverKeyName.ActualLength; if (nBytes ConnectionIndex = ConnectionIndex; success = DeviceIoControl(Hub, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_DRIVERKEY_NAME, driverKeyNameW, nBytes, driverKeyNameW, nBytes, &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) goto GetDriverKeyNameError; driverKeyNameA = WideStrT

22、oMultiStr(driverKeyNameW-DriverKeyName); free(driverKeyNameW); return driverKeyNameA;GetDriverKeyNameError: if (driverKeyNameW != NULL) free(driverKeyNameW); driverKeyNameW = NULL; return NULL;PCHAR GetRootHubName(HANDLE HostController) BOOL success; ULONG nBytes; USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME rootHubName; PUSB

23、_ROOT_HUB_NAME rootHubNameW; PCHAR rootHubNameA; rootHubNameW = NULL; rootHubNameA = NULL; success = DeviceIoControl(HostController, IOCTL_USB_GET_ROOT_HUB_NAME, 0, 0, &rootHubName, sizeof(rootHubName), &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) goto GetRootHubNameError; nBytes = rootHubName.ActualLength; rootHu

24、bNameW =(PUSB_ROOT_HUB_NAME) malloc(nBytes); if (rootHubNameW = NULL) goto GetRootHubNameError; success = DeviceIoControl(HostController, IOCTL_USB_GET_ROOT_HUB_NAME, NULL, 0, rootHubNameW, nBytes, &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) goto GetRootHubNameError; rootHubNameA = WideStrToMultiStr(rootHubNameW-

25、RootHubName); free(rootHubNameW); return rootHubNameA;GetRootHubNameError: if (rootHubNameW != NULL) free(rootHubNameW); rootHubNameW = NULL; return NULL;PCHAR GetHCDDriverKeyName(HANDLE HCD) BOOL success; ULONG nBytes; USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME driverKeyName; PUSB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME driverKeyNameW; PC

26、HAR driverKeyNameA; driverKeyNameW = NULL; driverKeyNameA = NULL; success = DeviceIoControl(HCD, IOCTL_GET_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME, &driverKeyName, sizeof(driverKeyName), &driverKeyName, sizeof(driverKeyName), &nBytes, NULL); if (!success) goto GetHCDDriverKeyNameError; nBytes = driverKeyName.ActualLengt

27、h; if (nBytes DriverKeyName); free(driverKeyNameW); return driverKeyNameA;GetHCDDriverKeyNameError: if (driverKeyNameW != NULL) free(driverKeyNameW); driverKeyNameW = NULL; return NULL;PCHAR WideStrToMultiStr(PWCHAR WideStr) ULONG nBytes; PCHAR MultiStr; nBytes = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0, Wide

28、Str, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL); if (nBytes = 0) return NULL; MultiStr =(PCHAR) malloc(nBytes); if (MultiStr = NULL) return NULL; nBytes = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0, WideStr, -1, MultiStr, nBytes, NULL, NULL); if (nBytes = 0) free(MultiStr); return NULL; return MultiStr;bool GetStringDescriptor ( HANDLE hHubDevice, ULONG ConnectionIndex, UCHAR DescriptorIndex , CHAR * outBuff ) BOOL success; ULONG nBytes; ULONG nBytesReturned; UCHAR stringDescReqBufsizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST) + MAXIMUM_USB_STRING_LENGTH; PUSB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST stringDescReq; PUSB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR stringDesc; nBytes =