oracle系统表简介.doc
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1、下面全面是对Oracle系统表的一些介绍: 数据字典dict总是属于Oracle用户sys的。1、用户:select username from dba_users;改口令alter user spgroup identified by spgtest;2、表空间:select * from dba_data_files;select * from dba_tablespaces;/表空间select tablespace_name,sum(bytes), sum(blocks)from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;/空闲表空间select
2、* from dba_data_fileswhere tablespace_name=RBS;/表空间对应的数据文件select * from dba_segmentswhere tablespace_name=INDEXS;3、数据库对象:select * from dba_objects;CLUSTER、DATABASE LINK、FUNCTION、INDEX、LIBRARY、PACKAGE、PACKAGE BODY、PROCEDURE、SEQUENCE、SYNONYM、TABLE、TRIGGER、TYPE、UNDEFINED、VIEW。4、表:select * from dba_tabl
3、es;analyze my_table compute statistics;-dba_tables后6列select extent_id,bytes from dba_extentswhere segment_name=CUSTOMERS and segment_type=TABLEorder by extent_id;/表使用的extent的信息。segment_type=ROLLBACK查看回滚段的空间分配信息列信息:select distinct table_namefrom user_tab_columnswhere column_name=SO_TYPE_ID;5、索引:selec
4、t * from dba_indexes;/索引,包括主键索引select * from dba_ind_columns;/索引列select i.index_name,i.uniqueness,c.column_namefrom user_indexes i,user_ind_columns cwhere i.index_name=c.index_nameand i.table_name =ACC_NBR;/联接使用6、序列:select * from dba_sequences;7、视图:select * from dba_views;select * from all_views;tex
5、t 可用于查询视图生成的脚本8、聚簇:select * from dba_clusters;9、快照:select * from dba_snapshots;快照、分区应存在相应的表空间。10、同义词:select * from dba_synonymswhere table_owner=SPGROUP;/if owner is PUBLIC,then the synonyms is a public synonym.if owner is one of users,then the synonyms is a private synonym.11、数据库链:select * from dba
6、_db_links;在spbase下建数据库链create database link dbl_spnewconnect to spnew identified by spnew using jhhx;insert into acc_nbrdbl_spnewselect * from acc_nbr where nxx_nbr=237 and line_nbr=8888;12、触发器:select * from dba_trigers;存储过程,函数从dba_objects查找。其文本:select text from user_source where name=BOOK_SP_EXAMPL
7、E;建立出错:select * from user_errors;oracle总是将存储过程,函数等软件放在SYSTEM表空间。13、约束:(1)约束是和表关联的,可在create table或alter table table_name add/drop/modify来建立、修改、删除约束。可以临时禁止约束,如:alter table book_exampledisable constraint book_example_1;alter table book_exampleenable constraint book_example_1;(2)主键和外键被称为表约束,而not null和un
8、ique之类的约束被称为列约束。通常将主键和外键作为单独的命名约束放在字段列表下面,而列约束可放在列定义的同一行,这样更具有可读性。(3)列约束可从表定义看出,即describe;表约束即主键和外键,可从dba_constraints和dba_cons_columns 查。select * from user_constraintswhere table_name=BOOK_EXAMPLE;select owner,CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAMEfrom user_constraintswhere constraint_type=Rorder by table_name;
9、(4)定义约束可以无名(系统自动生成约束名)和自己定义约束名(特别是主键、外键)如:create table book_example(identifier number not null);create table book_example(identifier number constranit book_example_1 not null);下面全面是对Oracle系统表的一些介绍: 数据字典dict总是属于Oracle用户sys的。1、用户:select username from dba_users;改口令alter user spgroup identified by spgte
10、st;2、表空间:select * from dba_data_files;select * from dba_tablespaces;/表空间select tablespace_name,sum(bytes), sum(blocks)from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;/空闲表空间select * from dba_data_fileswhere tablespace_name=RBS;/表空间对应的数据文件select * from dba_segmentswhere tablespace_name=INDEXS;3、数据库对象:sel
11、ect * from dba_objects;CLUSTER、DATABASE LINK、FUNCTION、INDEX、LIBRARY、PACKAGE、PACKAGE BODY、PROCEDURE、SEQUENCE、SYNONYM、TABLE、TRIGGER、TYPE、UNDEFINED、VIEW。4、表:select * from dba_tables;analyze my_table compute statistics;-dba_tables后6列select extent_id,bytes from dba_extentswhere segment_name=CUSTOMERS and
12、 segment_type=TABLEorder by extent_id;/表使用的extent的信息。segment_type=ROLLBACK查看回滚段的空间分配信息列信息:select distinct table_namefrom user_tab_columnswhere column_name=SO_TYPE_ID;5、索引:select * from dba_indexes;/索引,包括主键索引select * from dba_ind_columns;/索引列select i.index_name,i.uniqueness,c.column_namefrom user_ind
13、exes i,user_ind_columns cwhere i.index_name=c.index_nameand i.table_name =ACC_NBR;/联接使用6、序列:select * from dba_sequences;7、视图:select * from dba_views;select * from all_views;text 可用于查询视图生成的脚本8、聚簇:select * from dba_clusters;9、快照:select * from dba_snapshots;快照、分区应存在相应的表空间。10、同义词:select * from dba_synon
14、ymswhere table_owner=SPGROUP;/if owner is PUBLIC,then the synonyms is a public synonym.if owner is one of users,then the synonyms is a private synonym.11、数据库链:select * from dba_db_links;在spbase下建数据库链create database link dbl_spnewconnect to spnew identified by spnew using jhhx;insert into acc_nbrdbl_
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