《英汉长句翻译》PPT课件.ppt

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1、12英汉语序的差异英汉语序的差异nItisalsothefirstsummitbetweenthetwosidessinceChinapublishedforthefirsttimeitsEUpolicypaperonOctober13andtheEuropeanUnionapprovedanewstrategyforitspartnershipwithChinaonSeptember10.n此次会晤是既中国于此次会晤是既中国于10月月13日首次发表与欧盟日首次发表与欧盟关系文件和欧盟于关系文件和欧盟于9月月10日批准与中国关系新日批准与中国关系新战略之后，双方领导人的首次峰会。战略之后，双方

2、领导人的首次峰会。3nFarmlifeischangingconsiderablyasfarmersadjusttonewtrends.n农民不断适应新的潮流，农村生活正在发生巨农民不断适应新的潮流，农村生活正在发生巨大变化。大变化。nItishardlypossibletorealizearelativelyrichChinesesocietyinoverallscalewithoutasolutiontofarmersmedicareproblem.n不解决农民的看病问题，就很难最终实现中国不解决农民的看病问题，就很难最终实现中国社会的全面小康目标社会的全面小康目标。4n英语英语n形态型语

3、言；形态型语言；n主要通过丰富的形式手主要通过丰富的形式手段，如连词、介词等表段，如连词、介词等表达语法意义和逻辑关系，达语法意义和逻辑关系，从而排列语序；从而排列语序；n常开门见山，直奔主题，常开门见山，直奔主题，再做解释；再做解释；n按语境的需要排列按语境的需要排列；n语序既相对固定，又有语序既相对固定，又有灵活的变化。灵活的变化。n汉语汉语n语义型语言；语义型语言；n语序主要由语义的搭配决定；语序主要由语义的搭配决定；搭配顺序是由人的思维逻辑决搭配顺序是由人的思维逻辑决定；定；n由原因到结果、由假设到推论、由原因到结果、由假设到推论、由事实到结论、由条件到结果；由事实到结论、由条件到结果

4、；n按事情发生、出现的先后顺序按事情发生、出现的先后顺序排列；排列；n语序总体上比较固定。语序总体上比较固定。英汉语序的差异英汉语序的差异5 长句的译法长句的译法n所谓切断法，就是按英语句子的语序把英语所谓切断法，就是按英语句子的语序把英语长句长句“化整为零化整为零”，按，按意群意群将长句断开译成将长句断开译成若干汉语分句若干汉语分句。如：。如：n1）Afterthemeeting,leadersfromthetwosidesvowedtoboostcooperationandsignedthreeagreements.n会后，双方领导人承诺要进一步加强合作，并签会后，双方领导人承诺要进一步加

5、强合作，并签署了三份协议。署了三份协议。1 保留语序（顺拆法）保留语序（顺拆法）6n2）If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble,he will return the umbrella to No.10 Broad Street.He is well known.n上周日傍晚，有人曾见某君在教堂取走雨伞一把。取上周日傍晚，有人曾见某君在教堂取走雨伞一把。取伞者如不愿卷入纠纷，还是将伞送至布劳德街十号为

6、伞者如不愿卷入纠纷，还是将伞送至布劳德街十号为妙。此君为谁，尽人皆知。妙。此君为谁，尽人皆知。73）If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name“Windy city”.n如果你乘坐火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留如果你乘坐火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两个小时，你也会感觉到从湖边吹拂过来的阵一两个小时，你也会感觉到从湖边吹拂过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做阵清风，这就

7、是芝加哥之所以叫做“风城风城”的缘的缘故。故。81）He had to quit the position and went in exile,having been deprived of his power.被剥夺权力之后，他被迫辞职，流落他国。被剥夺权力之后，他被迫辞职，流落他国。2 颠倒顺序（倒拆法）颠倒顺序（倒拆法）是指在翻译英语长句时将其断成若干短的句子，是指在翻译英语长句时将其断成若干短的句子，然后按汉语习惯表达法进行重新安排，结果译句然后按汉语习惯表达法进行重新安排，结果译句中各分句的顺序与原句中的相反。中各分句的顺序与原句中的相反。9n2）We had been dismay

8、ed at home while reading of the natural calamities that followed one another for three years after we left China in 1959.n我们在我们在1959年离开了中国，此后，中国连续三年离开了中国，此后，中国连续三年遭到自然灾害。我们在国内读到这方面的消年遭到自然灾害。我们在国内读到这方面的消息，心情颇为沉重。息，心情颇为沉重。10n3）Afarmerinthecooperativemedicaresystemwillgetvaryingportionsofsubsidiesafter

9、heorshebecomesillandhospitalized.n参加合作医疗的农民生病住院后，参加合作医疗的农民生病住院后，可以按比可以按比例报销部分医疗费例报销部分医疗费。11n1.My father must have felt a glow of satisfaction when in the mid-1920s he won first prize in a prestigious amateur art exhibition held in London.n2.And I take heart from the fact that the enemy,which boasts

10、that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours,has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions,because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way.Group Work12nMy father must have felt a glow of satisfaction when in the mid-1920s he won first prize in a prestigious amateur art

11、exhibition held in London.n20世纪世纪20年代中期，我父亲在伦敦举行的年代中期，我父亲在伦敦举行的一次享有盛名的业余画展中获得了一等奖，一次享有盛名的业余画展中获得了一等奖，当时他一定颇为得意。当时他一定颇为得意。13And I take heart from the fact that the enemy,which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours,has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions,be

12、cause of the stiff resistance that gets in the way.n由于受到顽强抵抗，由于受到顽强抵抗，吹嘘能在几个小时内就占领吹嘘能在几个小时内就占领要地的敌人要地的敌人甚至还没有能占领外围地带，甚至还没有能占领外围地带，这一事这一事实使我增强了信心。实使我增强了信心。143 译词成句（抽词拆译法）译词成句（抽词拆译法）n就是将英语句子中有些成分从句中拆出来另行处理，就是将英语句子中有些成分从句中拆出来另行处理，或置于句尾，以利用句子的总体安排或置于句尾，以利用句子的总体安排。如：。如：n1）She was an intelligent,attractiv

13、e,and somewhat temperamental daughter of a well-to-do doctor in Haddington.她是哈丁顿一位富裕医生的女儿，有才华，她是哈丁顿一位富裕医生的女儿，有才华，又迷人，但有点脾气。又迷人，但有点脾气。n2）He crashed down on a protesting chair.他猛然坐在一把椅子上，椅子被压得吱吱作响。他猛然坐在一把椅子上，椅子被压得吱吱作响。15n3）She was pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking.她自夸她高超的烹调技艺，她自夸她高超的烹调技艺，这是有情可

14、原的这是有情可原的。n4）The ancients tried unsuccessfully to explain how a rainbow is formed.古人曾试图说明彩虹是怎样产生的，古人曾试图说明彩虹是怎样产生的，但没有成功但没有成功。n5）He shook his head and his eyes were wide,then narrowed in indignation.他摇了摇头，两眼睁得圆圆的，接着又眯成一条线，他摇了摇头，两眼睁得圆圆的，接着又眯成一条线，脸上露出了愤怒的神色。脸上露出了愤怒的神色。164 句子重组（重构拆译法）句子重组（重构拆译法）n1）Im su

15、rprised to learn that he lost the game.我我听说他在比赛中失利了听说他在比赛中失利了，感到十分意外。，感到十分意外。n2）Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.男人们很聪明，男人们很聪明，他们不会上时装设计师的当他们不会上时装设计师的当。n3）Energy can neither be created nor destroyed,a universally accepted law.能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是一条普遍公认

16、的这是一条普遍公认的规律。规律。17nWhat was Olivers horror and alarm as he stood a few paces off，looking on with his eyelids as wide open as they would possibly go，to see the Dodger（逮不着逮不着）plunge his hand into the old gentlemans pocket，and draw from thence a handkerchief;to see him hand the same to Charley Bates；an

17、d finally to behold them both running away round the corner at full speed！nalarm:afeelingoffearoranxietybecausesomethingdangerousmighthappen18n What was Olivers horror and alarm as he stood a few paces off，looking on with his eyelids as wide open as they would possibly go，to see the Dodger（逮不着逮不着）pl

18、unge his hand into the old gentlemans pocket，and draw from thence a handkerchief;to see him hand the same to Charley Bates；and finally to behold them both running away round the corner at full speed！n奥立弗站在几步路以外瞧着，眼睛睁得大到不能再奥立弗站在几步路以外瞧着，眼睛睁得大到不能再大。大。逮不着一只手伸进老绅士的口袋，从那里掏出逮不着一只手伸进老绅士的口袋，从那里掏出一条手绢，把它递给恰利一

19、条手绢，把它递给恰利贝茨；最后，他们俩飞贝茨；最后，他们俩飞也似地绕过拐角逃跑。也似地绕过拐角逃跑。这一切奥立弗都看在眼里，这一切奥立弗都看在眼里，可以想象他的恐惧和惊慌达到了何等程度！可以想象他的恐惧和惊慌达到了何等程度！Pair Work19nWitheachpassinghour,thecasualtycountcontinuestorisefromastrongearthquakethatstruckthesouthwesternChineseprovinceofSichuan.nThepatient,a75-year-oldwomansurnamedLi,testedpositiveforH7N9onFridaynightatShanghaiMunicipalCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention,accordingtoastatementissuedbytheShanghaiMunicipalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.20There is no rule that has no exception.任何规则都有例外。任何规则都有例外。21nThanks!