《被动语态专练》PPT课件.ppt

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1、目录目录1.你课前预习了吗你课前预习了吗2.学一学学一学2.练一练练一练3.轻松一刻轻松一刻4.考考你考考你你知道下列各词的过去式及过去分词吗？你知道下列各词的过去式及过去分词吗？SleepSpendPaySell HearLoseMakeFinddrawBuildKnow表示主语是动作的承受者，即表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。行为动作的对象。Eg:Chinese is spoken by many people.助动词助动词be+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词 构成。被动语态在人称，数，构成。被动语态在人称，数，和时态的变化是通过和时态的变化是通过be 的变化的变化表现出来

2、的。表现出来的。请以请以build为例说出被动语为例说出被动语态的各种时态变化形式：态的各种时态变化形式：(二二二二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化的变化形式完全一样。以形式完全一样。以speak为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+built 一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were+built 一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will+be+built 一般过去将来时：一般过去

3、将来时：should/would+be+built 现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are+being+built 过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were+being+built 现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has+been+built 过去完成时：过去完成时：had+been+built 将来完成时：将来完成时：shall/will+have been+built含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：should/must/can+be+built1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁：如：2.My bag was stolen yesterday.3.This br

4、idge was built in 1985.4.2.强调动作的承受者，而不强强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如：调动作的执行者。如：The glass was broken by Tom.We bought some books.主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句与被动句之间的转换Some books were bought (by us)主语主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语宾语主语主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词介词+宾语宾语主动句变为被动句所遵循的主动句变为被动句所遵循的3个步骤：个步骤：1.1.把原主动句中的把原主动句中的

5、宾语变宾语变为被动句的为被动句的主主语语.2.2.把动词变为被动形式即把动词变为被动形式即be+be+过去分词，过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。动词的时态则保持不变。3 3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在原主动句的主语如需要则放在byby后面后面以它以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。格），如不需要则可省略。被动语态的几种句型被动语态的几种句型1 肯定句肯定句 主语主语+be+过去分词过去分词+(by)A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.2

6、否定句否定句 主语主语+be+not+过去分词过去分词+(by)3 一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by)A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage.Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词+be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by)Where was a sweet song sung by her?语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题1.1.把把主主动动语语态态变变为为被被动动语语态态时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词的的时时态态要要与与原

7、原句句时时态态保持一致，其保持一致，其谓语动词的数谓语动词的数要与要与新主语新主语保持一致。保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.(正确正确)A new computer have been bought.(错误错误)2.2.含含有有双双宾宾语语的的主主动动句句变变被被动动句句时时，可可分分别别将将其其中中的的一一个个宾宾语语变变为主语，另一个不动，一般变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多间接宾语为主语时比较多。My uncle gave me a present on my birth

8、day.I was given a present on my birthday.如如果果把把直直接接宾宾语语(指指物物)改改为为主主语语，则则在在间间接接宾宾语语(指指人人)前前加加适适当的介词，如上句还可以说：当的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语保留宾语3.由由动动词词+介介词词或或副副词词构构成成的的短短语语动动词词，要要把把它它们们作作为为整整体体看看，即即把把它它们们看看成成一一个个及及物物动动词词，介介词词或或副副词词不不可可拆拆开开或或漏漏掉掉。这这类类动动词词有：有：不不不不及及及及物物物物动

9、动动动词词词词+介介介介词词词词，如如如如:agree to,ask for,laugh at,operated on,listen to,look after,think of,talk about 等。等。The patient is being operated on.The patient is being operated on.The problem is solved.It neednt be talked about.The problem is solved.It neednt be talked about.及及及及物物物物动动动动词词词词+副副副副词词词词：如如如如：br

10、ing about,carry out,find out,give up,hand in,make out,pass on,point out,put away,put off,think over,turn down,work out,turn out 等。等。His request was turned down.His request was turned down.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad we

11、ather.4.带带复复合合宾宾语语(宾宾语语+宾宾补补)的的动动词词改改为为被被动动语语态态时时，一一般般把把主主动动结结构构中中的的宾宾语语改改为为主主语语，而而宾宾语语补补足足语语保留在谓语动词后面。如：保留在谓语动词后面。如：We always keep the classroom clean.The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions.We were told to follow her instructions.注注意意：在在see,watch,hear,notice,liste

12、n to,look at,make,feel等等动动词词后后作作宾宾语语补补足足语语的的动动词词不不定定式式都都不不带带 to，但但改改成成被被动动语语态态后后都都带带to，这这时时不不定定式式为为主主语语补补足足语语，也也就就是是说说不不定定式式作作主主语语补补足语不存在省略足语不存在省略to 的问题。的问题。We often hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar.有有些些动动词词既既是是及及物物又又是是不不及及物物，当当它它们们和和well,badly,easily等等副副词词连连用用时时，表表示示主主语

13、语内内在在品品质质或或性性能能，是是不不及及物物动动词词，用用主主动动表表示示被被动动，这这时时不不用用被被动动语语态态，常常见见的的有有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook 等。如：等。如：The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。这布很好洗。The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。对比：对比：The books sell well.(主动句主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句被动句)The

14、 meat didnt cook well.(主动句主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.(被动句被动句)请把下列的主动句变为被动句请把下列的主动句变为被动句1.He wrote an article last week.An article was written by him last week.2.The people make history.History is made by people.3.Do people use Chinese only in China?Is Chinese used by peopl

15、e only in China?4.They didnt visit the city two years ago.The city wasnt visited by them two years ago.5 Where did you make them?Where were they made by you?1.The woman asked the policeman for help.2.The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.3.Do they use the box as a table?4.She sent me a collectio

16、n last week.5.The teacher doesnt teach us math this term.练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句就下列句子的画线部分提问：就下列句子的画线部分提问：1.Q:_ A:The stove was invented in 1896.2.Q:_ A:The Wright brothers invented the plane.3.Q:_ A:The washing machine is used for washing clothes.When was the stove invented?Who invented the

17、plane?What is the washing machine used for?就划线部分提问就划线部分提问用所给动词的正确形式填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空：1)The bike _(fix)up by Xiao Ming yesterday.2)Sunglasses _(use)for protecting peoples eyes.3)A picture _(put)up on the blackboard.4)French_(speak)in France.5)Teenagers should _(allow)to choose their own clothes.was fixedare usedis putis spokenbe allowed