2016届高三英语二轮复习课件：长难句突破.ppt

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1、 英语阅读长英语阅读长难句突破难句突破高三二轮复习高三二轮复习1.1.回忆三种基本句子类型回忆三种基本句子类型2.2.长难句的类型及分析方法长难句的类型及分析方法3.3.长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练我们发现教室里坐满了学生和教师，他们在听一个讲座。我们发现教室里坐满了学生和教师。学生和教师。We find the classroom full of students and teachers.We find the classroom full of students and teachers，_非限制性定语从句由短变长由短变长who are listening t

2、o a lecture.我们发现教室里坐满了学生和教师，他们在认真听陈老师，我们以前的英语老师的一个重要讲座。We find the classroom full of students and teachers，who are listening _to an important lecture_given by Ms Chen,our former English teacher.过去分词短语作定语attentively 同位语我们发现教室里坐满了学生和教师，他们在认真我们发现教室里坐满了学生和教师，他们在认真听我们以前的英语老师陈老师听我们以前的英语老师陈老师关于如何处理长难关于如何处理

3、长难句的重要讲座。句的重要讲座。We find the classroom full of students and teachers，who are listening attentively to an important lecture given by Ms Chen,our former English teacher,_on how to deal with long and complex sentences.We find the classroom full of students and teachers，who are listening attentively to a

4、n important lecture given by Ms Chen,our former English teacher,on how to deal with the long and complex sentences.由长变短由长变短classroom full.of a lecture given byour former English teacheron how to 句子种类句子种类 简单句简单句 并列句并列句 复合句复合句长难句之朝花夕拾篇长难句之朝花夕拾篇 结构分析法结构分析法明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。A.A.判断该句是简单句、

5、并列句还是复合句；判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；B.B.找出句子的主干成分找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语主语和谓语)，分清，分清句子附属成分，理解句子大意。句子附属成分，理解句子大意。C.C.层层分析，层层剥离层层分析，层层剥离句句 子子判判 断断简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句主主 干干并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词 1）结构复杂的简单句：带有较多成分，如介）结构复杂的简单句：带有较多成分，如介词短语，形容词短语，副词，时间、地点状语词短语，形容词短语，副词，时间、地点状语或者较长的非谓语动词短语等；或者较长的非谓语动词短语等；常见长难句的形式：常见长难句的形式：2）含有多个句子

6、的复合句：句子中套句子）含有多个句子的复合句：句子中套句子 3）分隔现象分隔现象：用定语从句、插入语、破折号用定语从句、插入语、破折号或分隔号插入新话题或补充信息，从而把结构或分隔号插入新话题或补充信息，从而把结构紧凑的句子分割开来紧凑的句子分割开来He reported the case to the police and then sat there,lost and lonely in strange city,thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a dis

7、tant country while trying to settle down in a new one.（2014新课标II卷Passage A）1.带有较多成分的简单句带有较多成分的简单句 1)1)去枝叶，留主去枝叶，留主干干(找谓语动词找谓语动词)；2)2)分析枝叶分析枝叶枝叶枝叶2：枝叶枝叶1：难点：难点：get sth.done长难句之分门别类篇长难句之分门别类篇2.含有多个从句的复合句含有多个从句的复合句This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which opti

8、on is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.(新课标卷 Passage C Para.3)从句1：because.从句2：while从句3:which option从句4:who want to找连词找连词,分析从句分析从句（找谓语动词）（找谓语动词）理解句意。理解句意。难点：难点：people are left confused.译文：他向警察报了案，然后坐在那里，在这个陌生的城市里感到迷茫和孤独。他想着在努力在新的国

9、家定居下来的同时，还得从遥远的另一个国家把所有的文件再次整理好，这将面临多么可怕的麻烦。30.What is the authors attitude towards the experts mentioned in paragraph 3?A.Tolerant B.Doubtful C.Respectful D.Supportive This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve

10、their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.(新课标卷 Passage C Para.3)译文：所有的专家都在忙于讨论哪种选择最好，但那些想改善生活状况的人们还是对所有那些互相矛盾的信息感到困惑，这也正是我一直烦恼的原因。3.含有插入语的句子含有插入语的句子这种句子的特点是在正常的这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中句子中插入一些或长或短的插入一些或长或短的成分或句子成分或句子，比如比如同位语（从句）、同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等，打

11、断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为的困难。我们称之为“打岔打岔”。有时有。有时有逗号或破折号逗号或破折号分开。分开。忽略插入成分忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题直奔句子主题.His recently published book,A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,working,and raising a fa

12、mily in a village in Nepal.(新课标卷 Passage D）34.What is Turins book based on?A.The cultural studies in India.B.The documents available at Yale.C.His language research in Bhutan.D.His personal experience in Nepal.In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations-UNESCO and N

13、ational Geographic among them have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.（31words）(新课标卷 Passage D Para.2)scholarsIn an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations-UNESCO and National Geographic among them have for many years been do

14、cumenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.(新课标卷 Passage D Para.2)32.Many scholars are making efforts to _.Apromote global languages Brescue the disappearing languages Csearch for language communities Dset up languages research organizations.Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Bri

15、tain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.4.倒装句倒装句确定主语确定主语,调整语序调整语序,把握大意把握大意.新课标新课标卷卷 Passage B Para.2 It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population i

16、n the United States,making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.(46words，)现在分词短语表示结果补充信息时间状语从句主语从句5、各种结构糅合、各种结构糅合24.In the 18th and early 19th centuries,passenger pigeons _.A.were the biggest bird in the world B.lived mainly in the south of AmericaC.did great harm to the natural environme

17、nt D.were the largest population in the US信息错误原文3 billion passenger pigeons原文,making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world(新课标新课标卷卷 Passage D Para.6(55words)Now,through the two organizations that he has founded-the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project-Turin has st

18、arted a campaign to make such documents,found in libraries and stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.定语从句定语从句Turin难点：难点：过去分词短语to make documents available to译文：现在，图林通过自己建立的两个组织-数字喜马拉雅项目和世界

19、口述文学项目-发起了一场运动，目的是使这些从世界各地的图书馆和商店里找到的资料不仅被学者也能被各个语言社区的年轻人用，而这些资料最初便是从他们那里收集到的。长难句之长难句之 方法总结篇方法总结篇 1.带有较多成分的简单句带有较多成分的简单句-去枝叶，留主干。去枝叶，留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句含有多个从句的复合句 -找从属连词找从属连词,分析从句分析从句,理解句意。理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子含有插入成分的句子 -忽略插入成分忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题。直奔句子主题。4.倒装句倒装句-确定主语确定主语,调整语序调整语序,把握大意。把握大意。5.各种结构杂糅各种结构杂糅 -多种分析方法并

20、用。多种分析方法并用。句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。成，即主干和修饰成分。主干主干是整个句子的骨架，是整个句子的骨架，主要指主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构主谓宾结构或主系表结构。而修饰成分在。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。定语从句和状语从句。我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分

21、划出来，我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。长难句之长难句之 实战演练篇实战演练篇1.The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine”.（2015 全国卷全国卷1 Passage

22、B）2.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours,not 4 in the afternoon)filled the weekend,but the best part-particularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the ea

23、rly wake-up call.（2015 全国卷1 Passage B 55words）3.Over the years,Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours,a fast food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.（2015 全国卷1 Passage D 31words）简简单单句句温馨提示：温馨提示：对于有些长难句，只要能正确理解其意思就行了，不要勉

24、为其难地翻译成中文，不要勉为其难地翻译成中文，也没必要把句子成分弄得彻底明白。也没必要把句子成分弄得彻底明白。那样做不仅会浪费时间，而且在许多情况也没有必要。英语长句真费神英语长句真费神 理清理清主从主从两部分两部分句中找句句中找句要耐心要耐心 遇句查找遇句查找主谓宾主谓宾特殊句式特殊句式需记心需记心 分隔现象分隔现象细查清细查清破解难句你定行破解难句你定行vA dream doesnt become reality through magic;it takes sweat,determination and hard work.v梦想不会奇迹般地实现，它需要汗水、梦想不会奇迹般地实现，它需要汗水、决心和努力去实现。决心和努力去实现。Thank you for your attendance!