《高考短文改错》PPT课件.ppt

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1、Proofreading短文改错解题方略河北唐山一中安丽梅河北唐山一中安丽梅2 高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题,词数词数110字左右，多为记叙文，偶尔有应用文和说字左右，多为记叙文，偶尔有应用文和说明文。明文。短文改错考查语言知识的多个方面短文改错考查语言知识的多个方面,主要主要为为词法、句法、行文逻辑词法、句法、行文逻辑以及以及语篇结构语篇结构等，等，共设共设10处处错误，分值错误，分值10分分。三种三种改错形式，改错形式，所占比例为：所占比例为：Task 1:Brief Introduction1:1:8一一删删一一加加八八处改处改Task 2:A

2、nalysis of NMET考点考点年份年份2016201520142013小结小结高考新课标高考新课标 I 四年短文改错考点分布统计表四年短文改错考点分布统计表13 1 1 2 0 1 1 11 1 1 2 2 1 1 12 1 2 0 2 1 1 17 5 7 4 5 4 4 4动词动词(v.)名词名词(n)连词连词(conj.)形容形容词词(adj.)副词副词(adv.)代词代词(pron.)冠词冠词(art.)介词介词(prep.)2301111特点：特点：考点分布全面考点分布全面,代词冠词介词一般不重复考察代词冠词介词一般不重复考察Task 3:How?(Discovery of

3、Methods)谓语动词考点：谓语动词考点：_ _ _ _ _1)When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.2)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.3)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.4)My dream school look like

4、a big garden.时态时态 语态（主被动）语态（主被动）主谓一致主谓一致 情态动词助动词情态动词助动词 人称和数的变化人称和数的变化 等等1.动词动词 1)谓语动词谓语动词考点考点1.1:thoughtshouldlooks 1.动词动词 2)非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语三种形式非谓语三种形式_ _ _考虑它在句中所考虑它在句中所作成分与作成分与_主语之间的主语之间的_关系关系.注意注意:1)and前后一致前后一致 2)介词后接介词后接_ 3)动词宾语动词宾语 ving 或者或者to do 要牢记要牢记 to do ving.ved.逻辑逻辑主被动主被动考点考点1.2:ving 1.动词

5、动词 2)非谓语动词非谓语动词1)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.2)I also shared with my friends many photos taking in Beijing.3)I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.4)With the help of Kitty,a roommate of mine,Ive soon got used to live without my parents

6、around.takingtaken toliving2.冠词冠词1)The blog serves as open platform where you can do lots of things.2)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.3)You can never get the second chance to make a first impression.4)At last,he was admitted to an university.冠词包括冠词包括 _ _ _

7、 _ 注意：单数可数名词不特指注意：单数可数名词不特指用用_,不可数名词不特指用不可数名词不特指用_特指都用特指都用_.元音因素元音因素前不定冠词是前不定冠词是_,固定短语搭配牢记。固定短语搭配牢记。a/an/the/Xa/anthean考点考点2:anaaX3.名词名词名词分为名词分为_名词和名词和_名词。可数名词有名词。可数名词有_ 和和_。注意：单复数判断依据：注意：单复数判断依据：_ _等等关注关注常见不可数名词常见不可数名词，单复数同形的词单复数同形的词，固定短语，固定短语可数可数不可数不可数单数单数复数复数考点考点3:谓语动词谓语动词名词前限定词名词前限定词1)The teenag

8、e year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.2)You cant imagine what difficulties we have remembering the new words.3)A group of sheeps are eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.4)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.yearssheepdifficultyhonesty4.形和副形和副形容词常做形容

9、词常做_语，语，_语，语，_语等语等 副词常修饰副词常修饰_ _ _ _注意：形容词注意：形容词变副词变副词规则规则，形容词副词的，形容词副词的比较级最高级比较级最高级。考点考点4:定定 表表 补补动词，副词，形容词及句子。动词，副词，形容词及句子。1)Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.2)They were also the best and worse years in my life.3)Much rare animals are dying out.4)He works hardly to achieve his g

10、oal.steadilyworstManyhard5.5.代词代词代词包含代词包含_ _ _ _ _考点考点5:人称人称,物主物主,反身反身,指示指示,不定代词不定代词1)At first,I thought I could make decisions by yourself.2)He borrowed the book I bought it yesterday.3)Five minutes later,Tony saw parents.4)They are three lessons in the morning.myself hisThere 注意：注意：1)代词指代的人或事物代词指代

11、的人或事物前后不一致前后不一致的错误的错误.2)不定代词或反身代词的不定代词或反身代词的误用误用.3)it 特殊句式和形式主语宾语特殊句式和形式主语宾语6.介词介词介词：关注介词：关注介词短语介词短语以及与其他以及与其他词的搭配词的搭配。考点考点6:1)He never dreams becoming rich.2)Unfortunately,on the development of society,the environment has been polluted.3)I carefully took down her address,phone number and the set ti

12、me in case of I forget.of/aboutwith7、连词、连词连词包括连词包括 _ 连词和连词和_ 连词。连词。并列连词主要有并列连词主要有_,从属连词引导各类从句如从属连词引导各类从句如_ _ _.运用从句语法知识修改添加删除。运用从句语法知识修改添加删除。考点考点7:并列并列从属从属and,but,or,so定语从句定语从句名词性从句名词性从句 状语从句状语从句1)While I arrived at the park,what came into sight were the thick green grass.2)Randy was on the list of

13、the 100 people had influenced the world in Times Magazine in 2007.3)The trip to Lushan not only broadened my views,and also help to relax after a busy term.When whobut8、语篇、语篇1)Ive made up my mind to make every effort to study,so hard work is the key to success.2)Tony saw a toy in a shop window A wom

14、an saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.3)Probably most people enjoy getting gifts from friends.Therefore,I feel much better about giving gifts.考点考点8:关注关注上下文上下文，行文逻辑错误行文逻辑错误because/astheHowevertold Task 4 Summary 词类词类考点考点可否可否删删除或除或添加（添加（Y/N）art.(冠冠词词)prep.(介介词词)pron.(代代词词)conj.(连词连词

15、)v.predicate(谓语动词谓语动词)v.non-predicate(非非谓语动词谓语动词)adv.,adj.(副副词词/形容形容词词)n.(名名词词)an/an/the/X Y 介词短语，固定搭配介词短语，固定搭配 Y 各种代词误用各种代词误用/itY 并列连词从属连词并列连词从属连词(从句从句)Y 时态语态情态主谓一致时态语态情态主谓一致N/be可添加、可添加、删除删除to do/ving./ved.N/to do 的的to 可可添加、删除添加、删除转化规则比较级最高级转化规则比较级最高级 N可数不可数单复数词性变化可数不可数单复数词性变化N 1.规范性规范性原则原则 2.四不改原则

16、四不改原则3.四改动原则四改动原则 Principles:1)单词拼写不改单词拼写不改2)大小写不改大小写不改3)语序不改语序不改4)标点符号不改标点符号不改1)遵循原义遵循原义2)同一词性同一考点不重复考察同一词性同一考点不重复考察3)以改动最少为原则以改动最少为原则4)一对一原则一对一原则步骤步骤1 1 浏览短文，弄清大意浏览短文，弄清大意 改明显改明显错误，错误，标记标记语意不通之处语意不通之处步骤步骤2 2 逐逐句句研读，逐行改错研读，逐行改错步骤步骤3 3 对照对照考点，逐考点，逐词词排除排除步骤步骤4 4 最后复查，有最后复查，有删删有有加加18Four Steps to Foll

17、ow:19Task 5:Practice Makes PerfectPassage 1(2015-2016 唐山三模唐山三模 average：8.43 points)以下是2016年唐山市三模考试中某学生的改错试卷，只改出7处错误，得分仅为得分仅为7分分，请运用请运用改错出题原则改错出题原则及及做题技巧做题技巧帮她得到帮她得到满分。满分。Dear Tom,Im glad to hear that you are coming for a holiday in our city the next month.Im such happy that you will stay in my house

18、.There have been greatly changes in the last three year in my home.First,we have rebuilt your house,which now has four private rooms.You can choose any of them to live when you come.Second,my parents have set up a small restaurant in our village,that you can eat healthily.Im really willing to be you

19、r guide to make your journey interested and meaningful.If you had any requests,dont hesitate to let me know.Looking forward to hear from you.sogreatlyyearswhereinterestinghavehearingour inPassage 2（2015-2016 石家庄一模石家庄一模 average 6.5 points）以下是2016年石家庄一模考试中某学生的改错试卷，改出9处错误，得分得分仅为仅为6分分，请运用改错出题原则及做题技巧帮，请运

20、用改错出题原则及做题技巧帮他进行二次修改。他进行二次修改。As is shown in the picture,besides a bike stands Mr.Li with a piece of paper in his hand.He want to leave a note to an owner of the car to apologize for his scratching the car.Our society is in bad need of honest,which this picture vividly shows it.Nowadays,people troubl

21、ing with masses of dishonest behaviours,are unwilling to trust others,what often disagreements and conflicts.Luckily,it has raised wide public concern but firm steps have taken to end this unhealthy trend.In my opinion,Mr.Li has set a good example to the public,for which he should be high praised.it

22、wantedthebadlyhonestywhichandhighlywantstroubled beenbesidePassage 3(2016河北石家庄质检河北石家庄质检 average 7.3 points)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言处语言错误错误,每句中最多有两处每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其并在其下面写出该

23、加的词。下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画划一横线修改：在错的词下画划一横线,并在该词下面并在该词下面写出修改后的词。写出修改后的词。注意：注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2只允许修改只允许修改l0处处,多者（多者（从第从第11处起处起）不计）不计分。分。Ive learnt from the notice that you are looking for an English editor for us school paper.Im written this letter to apply f

24、or the position.Im Li Hua,Senior Three student in our school.In my view,I met your requirements:for one thing,Im willing to devote some of my spare time to serve others;for another,Im good at both English or Fine Arts.Im also skilled in using computer.I would be glad unless you could offer to me an opportunity.Im looking forward to your kindly reply at your convenient.ourwriting ameetservingandifkindconvenienceHomeworkPassage 4 请请根据根据高考短文改错高考短文改错出题原则设置出题原则设置一篇短文一篇短文改错，要求错误类型改错，要求错误类型基本涵盖基本涵盖重要考点。重要考点。请手写印刷体抄写，并同桌交换做题。请手写印刷体抄写，并同桌交换做题。