2014语法填空解题技巧.ppt

《2014语法填空解题技巧.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2014语法填空解题技巧.ppt（76页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、语法填空题语法填空题能力要求能力要求1 1、阅读、阅读/理解理解语篇语篇的能力的能力;2 2、分析句子结构分析句子结构的能力的能力;3 3、熟练、熟练运用语法运用语法的能力。的能力。(2013年高考）年高考）One day,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he 16 (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy s

2、ome salt,but pay a fair price for it:neither too much 17 too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much,Father,but if I can pay less,18 not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very19 (reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like our

3、s,”Nick said.found nor why reasonable Nicks guests,20 had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could.Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell sale 21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situ

4、ation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible)destroy a village.”“In the beginning,there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little,always 25 (th

5、ink)that it was only small and not very important,and look where we face ended up today.”（244words)whoat to/for possibly a thinkingConclusion:1.find-found 动词过去时动词过去时2.neither.nor.固定搭配固定搭配3.why not.固定搭配固定搭配4.reason-reasonable 名词转化为形容词名词转化为形容词5.who 定语从句定语从句6.at a low price 固定搭配固定搭配7.show respect to/fo

6、r固定搭配固定搭配8.possible-possibly 形容词转化为副词形容词转化为副词9.a small amount of.固定搭配固定搭配10.think-thinking -ing充当状语充当状语(2012年高考）Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day,_16_(wear)sun glasses.He walked in as if he _17_(buy)the school,and the word quickly got around that

7、he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt _18_(please),because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her ,it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row.wearinghad boughtpleasedthe _20_ he thought he could escape attention

8、by sitting at the back,he was wrong.It might have made it a little _21_(hard)for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didnt stop the kids in the class.Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary,_22_made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasse

9、s for medical reasons?”the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.”Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.”The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do.Then he took

10、_25_ off,gave a big smile and said“That is cool“If harderwhichforwhatthemConclusion:1.wear-wearing -ing充当伴随状语充当伴随状语2.buy-had bought as if 引导的虚拟语气句式引导的虚拟语气句式,表与过去的事实相反表与过去的事实相反3.please-pleased 动词改为形容词动词改为形容词4.the 序数词前加序数词前加the5.if 连接词连接词if引导条件句引导条件句6.hardharder 形容词比较级（隐含）形容词比较级（隐含）7.which 定语从句定语从句8.f

11、or a few seconds 固定搭配固定搭配9.what 宾语从句宾语从句10.them 代词代词语法填空的考查范围：语法填空的考查范围：语法填空题的考查方式，主要有两类：自由语法填空题的考查方式，主要有两类：自由填空类和提示性填空类，这两类考查的语言填空类和提示性填空类，这两类考查的语言项目有所不同：项目有所不同：自由填空类。自由填空类。考查的语言项目主要有：考查的语言项目主要有：行文逻辑、连词、介词、关系代词、行文逻辑、连词、介词、关系代词、情态动情态动词、冠词词、冠词等等。（自由填空类只能够填。（自由填空类只能够填一一个个词）词）提示性填空类。提示性填空类。考查的语言项目主要有：考

12、查的语言项目主要有：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词、副动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。词、名词等。Determiner(限定词限定词):Articles(冠词冠词):Conj.(连词连词)Part of speech(词性词性),others:v.(-ing,to do,done)非谓语非谓语n./v./adj./adv./prefix/suffixNoun clauses,（what,if,whether）Adverbial clause,(when,where,why)Attributive clause(which,who,that,whose)等各种从句等各种从句

13、some,any,otherindefinite articles 不定冠词不定冠词(a/an)definite article 定冠词定冠词(the)Pron.(代词代词)I,me,my,mine,myself转折转折,并列并列,递进递进（but,and,for,or,however,besides.引导词引导词考点考点Examples请用刚刚总结的考点请用刚刚总结的考点,尝试用下面的短文尝试用下面的短文,进行语法填空的进行语法填空的命题命题Morethan220peoplewerekilledinthefirewhichdestroyedtheCapitalBuildingonFebrua

14、ry4th,1974.Thebuildingwasfinishedonlyafewmonthsbeforethefire;itwasSaoPaulosnewestbuilding.Allthe25floorsoftheofficebuildingwerecompletelydestroyed.Thefirealsodestroyedcarswhichbelongedtopeoplewhoworkedinthebuilding.Over500peoplewereworkinginthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeoutonthe11thfloor.Nooneknowshowt

15、hefirestarted.Perhapsitwasstartedbyanelectricalfireintheceilingofoneoftheoffices.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,butitwasimpossibletocontrolit.Soonthewholefloorwasonfireanditwasimpossibleforpeopleonthefloorsabovetoescape.考点分布考点分布考点考点数量数量动词动词(谓语谓语/非谓语非谓语)名词名词连词连词(从属连词从属连词/并列连词并列连词)介词介词代词代词冠词冠词形容词形容

16、词副词副词More than 220 people were killed in the fire _1_ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th,1974.The building was finished only a few months _2_ the fire;it was Sao Paulos newest building.All the 25 _3_ of the office building were completely destroyed._4_ fire also destroyed cars which belo

17、nged to people who worked in the building.Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire _5_on the 11th floor._6_knows how the fire started.Perhaps it was started by an _7_(electricity)fire in the ceiling of one of the offices.Office workers tried to put out the fire,_8_ it was impossibl

18、e to control _9_.Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above _10_(escape).OnepossibleversionMorethan220peoplewerekilledinthefire_destroyedtheCapitalBuildingonFebruary4th,1974.Thebuildingwasfinishedonlyafewmonths_thefire;itwasSaoPaulosnewestbuilding.Allthe25_

19、oftheofficebuildingwerecompletelydestroyed._firealsodestroyedcarswhichbelongedtopeoplewhoworkedinthebuilding.which/thatbeforefloorsTheOver500peoplewereworkinginthebuildingwhenthefire_onthe11thfloor._knowshowthefirestarted.Perhapsitwasstartedbyan_(electricity)fireintheceilingofoneoftheoffices.Officew

20、orkerstriedtoputoutthefire,_itwasimpossibletocontrol_.Soonthewholefloorwasonfireanditwasimpossibleforpeopleonthefloorsabove_(escape).broke outNo oneelectricalbutitto escapeHow to improve?1.focus on main grammar points while reading“聚焦聚焦”语言点的阅读，就是要求在语言点的阅读，就是要求在阅读的过程中，将注意力投放到语言阅读的过程中，将注意力投放到语言点上，点上，“

21、捕捉捕捉”文章中出现的各种语文章中出现的各种语言点、对不理解的语法、句型进行必言点、对不理解的语法、句型进行必要的分析、对不熟练的语言点高声朗要的分析、对不熟练的语言点高声朗读读 I was being tested for a driving license for the third time.I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.After having been instructed to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidenc

22、e.Sure that I had passed,I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.basic grammar knowledgethe more difficult,the better?不要不要花大量的时间去钻难题、偏题花大量的时间去钻难题、偏题和怪题，而要牢牢掌握和怪题，而要牢牢掌握最常用最常用的语法的语法要点，达到运用自如。语法填空题考要点，达到运用自如。语法填空题考高分的同学将不是经常钻难题的同学，高分的同学将不是经常钻难题的同学，而是能够熟练和准确地应用而是能够熟练和准确地应用基础语基础语法法的同学，减少基础题的失误就能的同学，减少基础

23、题的失误就能拿高分。拿高分。(1)对于连词、介词、关系代词、关对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等，不仅要理解它们的意思，系副词等，不仅要理解它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。速地提取它们。(2)对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。语态和非谓语动词的用法。Conclusion:You must be sure that you can:(3)对于句子，要能够分析其结构，对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。(4)对于单词，不仅要背诵其意义和对于单词，

24、不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还要掌握基本的词形变换。拼写，还要掌握基本的词形变换。IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto32shouldhavethehonorofreceivingme33

25、aguestintheirhouse.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme34(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35smalltownsome20kilometresaway36therewasagarage.Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostessscourtyardandthatni

26、ghtoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.37villagersbroughtmegoatscheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman39thetroubleIhadcaused40.Lets have a try:2007年高考题年高考题(广东省广东省)IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMoun

27、tains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto32shouldhavethehonorofreceivingme33aguestintheirhouse.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldwomanwholivedalo

28、neinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme34(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35smalltownsome20kilometresaway36therewasagarage.brokewhoassettledawhere_Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostessscourtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.37villa

29、gersbroughtmegoatscheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman39thetroubleIhadcaused40.OthermerrilyforherChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeoplesdailylife.31theseproverbst

30、hereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(9601279)wasveryanxioustohelp_33_ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.Oneday,hec

31、ameupwithanidea35hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.behindtohelphisthisthatHewasverytired36doingthisforawholeday,37hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”38(high).Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthing

32、sgointheir39(nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.afterbuthighernaturalresultsJanewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstoreSherememberedhowdifficult_31_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfatherShewishedthathewasaseasy_32_(please)ashermother，whowa

33、salwaysdelightedwithperfumeBesides，shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot_33_pleasantexperience：peoplesteppedonyourfeetor_34_(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部)，hurryingaheadtogettoabargainittopleaseapushedJanepausedinfrontofacounter_35_someattractivetieswereondisplay“Theyarerealsilk，”theassistanttriedtoattract

34、her“Worthdoubletheprice”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather_36_(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfatherJanestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgatheredShefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_37_saleShedidnothesitateforlong：althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile，sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease

35、_38_wherechoiceonhimWhenJanegothome，withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag，herparentswerealready_39_tablehavingsupperHermotherwasexcited“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking，”Jane_40_(inform)atwasinformed（2010年高考）年高考）young man,while traveling through a desert,came across a spring of clear wate

36、r._31_water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to the elder _32_ had been his teacher.After a four-day journey,the young man_33_(present)the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _34_(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet wa

37、ter.The young man went home_35_a happy heart.After the student left,the teacher let _36_student taste the water.He spit it out,_37_(say)it was awful.Apparently,it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher,”Sir,the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like _38_?”

38、The whopresented warmly withanother sayingit The teacher replied,”You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _39_(sweet).”We understand this lesson best _40_ we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap p

39、ipe on a diamond necklace,the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.sweeterwhen(2011年高考）年高考）One Sunday morning in August I went to the local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment(16)_(late)that day.My friends walked me to the bus

40、 stop and waited with me(17)_the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man(18)_(sit)at the front.He(19)_ (pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be(20)_(mental)disabled.lateruntilsitting was pretendingmentally Behind him were other

41、people to(21)_ he was trying to talk,but after some minutes(22)_walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him,but I didnt like leaving him(23)_ his own,either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and

42、 introduced myself.We had(24)_ amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice.It made(25)_ of us feel good.whomtheyonanbothSuccess ahead!Thank you!实词实词动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词词词 性性虚词虚词代词代词冠词冠词介词介词连词连词引导词引导词 根据句子结构，确定根据句子结构，确定词性词性有有提

43、提示示词词无无提提示示词词第一步第一步确定确定 词性词性后，仔细推敲后，仔细推敲确定具体填什么词确定具体填什么词冠词冠词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词并列句及复合句并列句及复合句(状语状语/定语定语/名词性从句名词性从句)谓语、非谓语谓语、非谓语连词连词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配名词名词/副词副词/形容词形容词/单复数、比较级、单复数、比较级、最高级、词性转换最高级、词性转换动词动词第二步第二步代词代词指示指示/人称人称/物主物主/不定不定代词；代词；单、复数；主格、宾格、所有格单、复数；主格、宾格、所有格 语法填空题语法填空题解题步骤解题步骤1、浏览全文、浏览全

44、文 把握语篇把握语篇2、边读边填、边读边填 先易后难先易后难3、验证复查、验证复查 清除难点清除难点(whole)Clue?a story?Style:Grammar items Numbers of items 1.动词动词/非非谓语动词谓语动词2(31.broke 34.settled)2.引导词引导词2(32.who 36.where)3.prep.(介介词词)2(33.as 39.for)4.adj.（形容形容词词）1(37.Other)5.adv.(副副词词)1(38.merrily)6.pron.(代代词词)1(40.her)7.article(冠冠词词)1(35.a)真题分析与研

45、究真题分析与研究Experimentshaveprovedthatchildrencan1(instruct)inswimmingataveryearlyage.AtaspecialswimmingpoolinLosAngeles,childrenbecomeexpertat2theirbreathunderwaterevenbeforetheycanwalk.3oftwomonthsolddonotappeartobereluctanttoenterthewater.Itisnotlong4theyaresoaccustomedtoswimming5theycanpickupweightsf

46、romthefloorofthepool.Agamethatisverypopularwiththeseyoung6(swim)istheunderwatertricyclerace.Tricyclesarelineduponthefloorofthepoolsevenfeetunderwater.beinstructedholdingBabiesbeforethatswimmersThechildrencompeteagainsteachothertoreachtheotherendofthepool.Manypedaltheirtricycles,7mostofthemprefertopu

47、shordragthem.Somechildren8coverthewholelengthofthepool9comingupforbreathevenonce.WhethertheywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampions，onlytimewilltell.Meanwhile,theyshouldencourage10amonguswhocannotswimfiveyardsbeforetheyaregaspingforair.butcanwithoutthose 广东省广东省20072007年英语高考样题年英语高考样题阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，

48、或使用括号中的词语阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为31-4031-40的相应位的相应位置。置。（共（共1010小题，每小题小题，每小题1.51.5分，满分分，满分1515分）分）Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovese36(kill)rightbelowtheirwindows.Shewas37neighbor.Yet38ofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.JohnBarleyandBibFatane

49、wentbeyondtheheadlinestoresearchintothe39whypeopledidntact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwosteps40hecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatitis41emergency（紧急情况）.Isthesmokecomingintotheroom42aleakintheairconditioning?Isit“steampipes”?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?Itsnotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwithareal

50、emergency.Second,and43important,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonally44(responsibility).Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,45thepersonwontgetthehelpheneeds.Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovese36(kill)rightbelowtheirwindows.Shewas37neighbor.Yet38ofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.JohnBarleyan