外贸函电装船发货.shipment课件.ppt

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1、Chapter Thirteen新新编外外贸英英语教程教程Shipment1.9.1 Ocean TransportationOcean transportation isthehighly preferredmode of transportation in international trade.Even though it is slow,vulnerable to badweatherandlesspunctualifcomparedwithrailor air transportation,it is commonly welcomedfor its large capacity a

2、nd comparatively lowfreightcost.SinceChinabeganitsreform,wehavehadmany busy ports with great handling capacity.Almost80%ofourimportandexportgoodsarehandledthroughports.2.3.nChinaOceanShipping(Group)Company(COSCO)-中国远洋运输（集团）4.Terminologies1、运、运输合同当事人合同当事人（1）freight货物；运物；运费；运；运输（货物）物）(A)指货物，简写作Frt.。(B

3、)指运费，又称，“freightage”，预付Prepaid；到付Collect；运费freightCharge；杂费LocalCharge(C)指运送方式，常与表示海、空的字合成一词（2）Shipper发货人人（3）收收货人人consignee（4）Consigner是承运人是承运人freightforwardingcompany货运承运承揽公司公司5.Terminologies2货运运单据（据（shippingdocuments）nShippinginstruction装船装船须知知nshippingadvice装运通知；装船通知装运通知；装船通知Shippingadvice是“装运通知”

4、，是由出口商（卖主）发给进口商（买主）的。而shippinginstructions则是“装运须知”，是进口商（买主）发给出口商（卖主）的。nshippingdate装运日期；装船日期装运日期；装船日期nportofshipment装装货港港6.Terminologies3、航运方式、航运方式（1）班）班轮运运输linertransport船期表船期表sailingschedule班班轮运价表运价表linersfreighttariff（2）租船）租船Charter定程租船定程租船voyage（trip）charter单程航次程航次singlevoyagecharter回程航次回程航次roun

5、dvoyagecharter定期租船定期租船timecharter（3）国）国际多式多式联运运internationalmultimodaltransport7.9.2 Shipping DocumentsShipping documents function as the contracts ofcarriagebetweentheshipperandthecarrier.Themajorshippingdocumentsareasfollows:nPackingListnBookingNotenShippingOrdernMatesReceiptnBillofLading8.9.2.5 B

6、ill of Lading Abillofladingisadocumentsignedbyanoceancarrierwhocontractstocarrythegoodsandissuedtotheshipperwithwhomthe carrier has entered into the contract for the carriage of thegoods.Among all of the shipping documents involved in oceantransportation,thebillofladingisusuallyconsideredtobethemost

7、importantone.9.nAbillofladingisashippingdocumentthatservesasareceiptfromtheshippingcompanyforshippersgoods.Itisnottheactualcontract,butformsexcellentevidenceofthetermsofthecontract.Itisdocumentoftitletothegoods,enablingtheshipperorownerofthegoodstopresenttobankswithotherdocumentsinseekingpaymentunde

8、rdocumentarycredits.10.9.2.5 Bill of Lading nFunctionsofbillsofladingAbillofladingservesthefollowingthreemainfunctions:acargoreceipt,theevidenceofacontractofcarriageadocumentoftitletothegoods.11.9.2.5 Bill of Lading AcargoreceiptA bill of lading is a document that serves as areceipt signed by the ca

9、rrier confirming that aconsignment of goods has been received from theshipper(consignor)forshipmentorhasalreadybeenloadedonboardtheship.AnevidenceofcontractofcarriageAbillofladingisanevidenceofavalidcontractofcarriagebetweenthecarrierandtheshipper.AtitledocumentofgoodsAbillofladingisadocumentoftitle

10、tothegoodsshipped,enablingthelegalholderofthebillofladingtotakepossessionofthegoodsdescribedinit.12.9.2.5 Bill of Lading nTypesofbillsofladingBillsofladingcanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesaccordingtodifferentstandards:shippedB/L&receivedB/LcleanB/L&uncleanB/LstraightB/L,orderB/L&bearerB/LdirectB/L&tra

11、nsshipmentB/LlongformB/L&shortformB/LfreightprepaidB/L&freighttobecollectedB/LoriginalB/L©B/Lstale B/Ladvanced B/L&anti-dated B/Lon-deck B/L13.9.2.5 Bill of Lading shippedB/L&receivedB/LAshipped B/Lisissuedbytheshippingcompanyafterthecargohasbeenactuallyshippedorloadedonboardthenamedvessel.Botht

12、heloadingdateand the name of the carrying vessel shall beindicatedindetailontheB/L.A received B/Lisissuedwhenthegoodshavebeenhandedovertotheshippingcompany.Itdoesnotsuggestthatthegoodshavebeenshippedorlanded on board the carrying vessel;it merelyconfirmsthatthegoodshavebeenreceivedbythecarrierforshi

13、pment.已装船提单在国际贸易中被广泛使用;而买方和银行一般不接受备运提单。14.n1在合同和信用证中详细清楚地规定议付单据中的提单必须是全套清洁的已装船提单。n2收到议付单据后，仔细认真地审核相关单证，确认所有单据符合单单相符，单证相符的要求。n3仔细审核提单中的每一个细节，确保所收到的提单是全套清洁的已装船提单。n相关知识n备运提单：是承运人在收到托运货物等待装船期间向托运人签发的提单。这种提单往往不注明船名，也不明确装运日期。也有的备运提单注明船名、航次及装运日期，但没有“已装船”字样。后一种情况在实际业务过程当中，具有相当的迷惑性，上述案例即属这种情况。在国际业务贸易中，买方和银行一

14、般不接受备运提单，但备运提单如经承运人加注“已装船”字样，注明装货船名、装船日期并签字证明后也可变成已装船提单。15.9.2.5 Bill of Lading cleanB/L&uncleanB/LAclean B/Lisissuedifthegoodsdonotshowanydamage,irregularities or other defects on theirexteriorswhenreceivedoratthetimeofloadingattheportofshipment.Anunclean B/Lisissuedwhendefectsordamagesarefoundonth

15、eexteriorsofthegoodsreceived forshipmentorloadedonboardthecarryingvessel.不清洁提单(Unclean/foulBL)，是指承运人加注货物外表状况不良或存有缺陷等批注的提单。如“包装不固”、“破包”、“X件损坏”等。买方及银行通常是不愿意接受这类提单的。cleanB/L:清洁提单uncleanB/L:不清洁提单16.9.2.5 Bill of Lading straightB/L,bearerB/L&orderB/LA straight B/L is one in which the goods areconsignedto

16、adesignatedparty(theconsignee).Theconsignee is usually designated by the shipper(consignor)whenhefillsintheboxofconsigneeontheB/L(pleaserefertoSpecimenDocument9-5)withthewords“DelivertoxxxCo.,Ltd.”orthelike.Underthisbill,onlythedesignatedconsigneeatthedestinationisentitledtotakedeliveryofthegoods.记名

17、提单不能流通，因此在国际贸易中很少使用，一般只用于运输贵重物品或有特殊用途的货物。straightB/L:记名提单consigneeknsaini:n.收件人;承销人;受托者;17.9.2.5 Bill of Lading straightB/L,bearerB/L&orderB/LAbearerB/Lisoneinwhichthenameofadefiniteconsigneeisnotmentionedandleftblankoropen.Sometimes,thewording“toBearer”mayappearintheboxofconsigneewhichindicatesthat

18、anyholderofthebillisentitledtotakedeliveryofthegoods.18.9.2.5 Bill of Lading straightB/L,bearerB/L&orderB/LAn order B/L is one in which the goods areconsignedordestinedtotheorderofanamedParty.Order bills are usually issued by carriers to theshipper(consignor)bymarking“Toorder”,“Toorderoftheshipper”i

19、ntheboxofconsigneeontheB/L.Thismeansthatthecarrierwilldeliverthegoodstoany party designated by the shipper(consignor)attheportofdestination.An order B/L is a transferable document,but totransferthetitletothegoods,thetransferorshouldendorsethebillonthebackoftheB/L.Ifhedoesnotendorse the bill,he reser

20、ves the right to put thegoodsatthedisposalofhimself.19.9.2.5 Bill of Lading directB/L&transshipmentB/LA direct B/L means that the goods must beshippedfromtheportofshipmentdirectlytotheportofdestinationonthesamecarryingvesselduringthevoyage.A transshipment B/Lmeansthatthegoodscanbetransshippedatanint

21、ermediateportfromonevesseltoanotherbeforereachingthefinaldestination.信用证规定货物不准转船，卖方就必须取得承运人签发的直达提单后才能向银行办理议付货款。转船提单上注有“在某港转船”的宇样，承运人只对第一程运输负责。directB/L:直达提单；直航提单transshipmentB/L:转船提单20.9.2.5 Bill of Lading longformB/L&shortformB/LAlong form B/Lisaformthatthecarrierandtheshipper/consignorcanbefoundon

22、thebilloflading(they are usually printed on the back of the bill oflading.A short form B/LisasimplifiedandabbreviatedformofB/L,anditisnotacceptableunlessotherwisestipulatedintherelativeL/C.longformB/L:全式提单shortformB/L:简式提单21.9.2.5 Bill of Lading freightprepaidB/L&freighttobecollectedB/LAfreightprepa

23、idB/Lisissuedwhenthefreighthasbeenpaidorprepaidbytheshipper.AfreighttobecollectedB/L referstotheB/Lonwhich“freight payable at destination”or“freight tocollect(tobecollected)atdestination”isindicated.freightprepaidB/L:运费预付提单freighttobecollectedB/L:运费到付提单22.9.2.5 Bill of Lading originalB/L©B/LAn o

24、riginal B/L refers to one that is originallysignedanddatedbyeithertheshippingcompanyorbyadulyauthorizedagent Copy B/L arejust“copies”oftheoriginalones,andtheyarenotvalid enough toenable theholders totake delivery of the goods.Instead,copy bills ofladingaremainlyusedforreferenceorforrecordingpurposes

25、only.originalB/L:正本提单copyB/L:副本提单23.9.2.5 Bill of Lading StaleB/LIfabillofladingispresentedtoitsconsignee,orata bank,later than the goods arrival at thedestination,or after the deadline specified in therelevantletterofcreditandwhich,therefore,isnotacceptableasavaliddocument,itiscalledastale B/L.Acco

26、rdingtotheuniformcommercialcode(UCC),a bill of lading may be rejected if presented morethan21daysafterthedateofarrivaloftheshipment.24.9.2.5 Bill of Lading advancedB/L&ante-datedB/LSometimes,especiallywhenthetimeofshipmentstipulatedin the L/C is almost due but the goods are not ready forshipment or

27、the actual loading of the goods is not yetcompleted,thesellerwouldrequirethatabillofladingbeissuedinordertonegotiatepaymentbeforetheL/Cexpires.ThiskindofB/Liscalledanadvanced B/L.Onotheroccasions,whenthesellerfailstoeffectshipmentintime,thatis,theactualshipmentdateofthegoodsislaterthanthedeadlinesti

28、pulatedintheL/C,abillofladingwillbeissuedwithadateincompliancewiththeL/Crequirementsatthe request of the seller.It is called an ante-dated B/L.advancedB/L:预借提单ante-datedB/L:倒签提单25.9.2.5 Bill of Lading advancedB/L&ante-datedB/LBoth advanced B/L and anti-dated B/L carryfalseinformationastotheactualdat

29、eofloading,andboth are issued at the request of the seller foravoidingnon-acceptanceoftheB/Lfornegotiationofpaymentatthebank.Thedifferencebetweenthemisthat an advanced B/L is issued before the actualloading is carried out or completed while an ante-datedB/Lisissuedafterit.In both cases,the carrier i

30、s liable for all risksarising from the issuance of such bills of ladingbecausethebuyerwillprobably findouttheactualloadingdatelater.Therefore,thecarrierwillnormallyavoidthesepractices.26.9.2.5 Bill of Lading On-deckB/LFinally,thereexisttheon-deckbillsoflading.Anon-deck B/Lisissuedwhenthecargoisnotlo

31、adedintotheshipsholdbutstowedorplacedonthedeckoftheship.Itmustbepointedoutthattheabove-mentionedtypesofbillsofladingarenotindependentofeachother.OneB/Lmay,atthesametime,bein morethan one form.In international trade practices,themostpreferredbillofladingisaclean,shipped direct bill of lading made out

32、 to order with a blank endorsement.ondeckB/L:舱面提单27.9.3.3 Port of Shipment and Port of DestinationSecond,ifitishardtomakeafinaldecisionwhenthecontractisconcluded,itisacceptablethattwoormoreoptionalportsofshipment/portsofdestinationorevenamoregeneralscopesuchas“EuropeanMainPorts”and“ChinaPorts”bestat

33、edtoprovideflexibility.For example,when a buyer can not,at the time ofcontracting,make the decision as to which marketshouldthegoodsbedeliveredto,optionalportssuchas“OneportoutofShanghai/Qingdao/Dalian”canbesetforthinthecontract.optionalpnladj.可任意选择的，任选的28.9.3.4 Partial Shipment and TransshipmentPar

34、tial shipment means shipping the commoditiesunderonecontractbymorethanoneshipment.Itmaybeadoptedforthefollowingreasons:thelackofmeansofconveyanceorshippingspaceavailable;thelimitationofloadingorunloadingfacilitiesattheportofshipment or destination;the restriction of marketcapacityorproductionability

35、,etc.partialshipment:分批装运29.9.3.4 Partial Shipment and TransshipmentTransshipment means that the goods have to betransferredfromoneshiptoanotheratanintermediateport before reaching the destination.Transshipment isallowed when there is no ship between the port ofshipmentandtheportofdestination,ornosu

36、itableshipsavailableatthatparticularperiod.transshipmenttrnsipmntn.转载;中转;转运;转车；装船装运30.9.3.5 Shipping Instruction and Shipping AdviceBeforeshipment,thebuyergenerallysendstheshippingrequirements(including the way of packing,shippingmarking and mode of transportation,etc.)to the sellers,known astheShip

37、ping Instruction.Besides,thebuyer willsometimesinformthesellerofeffectingshipmentintimetoavoidshipmentdelayintheshippinginstruction.Ontheotherhand,thesellerusuallysendstheShippingAdvicetothebuyerimmediatelyafterthegoodsareloadedon board the carrying vessel,informing the buyer of therelatedshipmentde

38、tails,including theshippedgoods,theportofshipment,thenameofthecarryingvessel,thedateofshipmentandtheestimatedtimeofarrival,etc.31.9.4 Other Modes of TransportationRailTransportationRailtransportationisamajormodeoftransportation in terms of capacity,only second tooceantransportation.RoadTransportatio

39、nRoadtransportationiswidelyusedfordistributinggoodsfromaninlandpointtotheseaport,airportandrailwaystation.However,roadtransportationislimitedincapacityandvulnerabletohighriskofpilferageanddamageintransit.Therefore,itisnotwidelyadoptedininternationaltrade.vulnerablevlnrbladj.1.易受伤的,易受攻击的2.易受责难的;有弱点的;

40、难防守的32.9.4 Other Modes of TransportationnAirTransportationAirtransportationisoneofthelatestformsofdistribution.Themost obvious advantage of air transportationis that it providesquick and reliable services.However,air transportation isvulnerabletobadweather,subjecttoahighoperatingcostandlimitedcapaci

41、ty.33.9.4 Other Modes of TransportationnContainerTransportationThe freight rates of containerare calculated based on thedivision of FCL and LCL.In thecase of FCL service,the freightrate is mainly determined by thecapacity of the container and thedistanceofthejourney,irrespective of the quantity of t

42、hecargo shipped.However,whenLCL is adopted,the freight ischargedinthewaysimilartothefreight of the liner transportation,i.e.W,M,A.V.,etc.Therefore,LCLis preferredwhen goods ofsmallquantityistobetransported.34.9.4 Other Modes of TransportationnInternationalMultimodalTransportationInternationalmultimo

43、daltransportationmeansthecarriageofcargobyatleasttwomodesoftransportationwith only one multimodal transportation contract and oneoperator being responsible for taking the cargo from thesellerintheexportingcountrytothesiteofthebuyerintheimportingcountry.Whenmakingdecisionsonthemodeoftransportationtob

44、eadoptedforthegoods,theexportersshouldtakecertainfactorsintoconsideration,includingthenatureofthegoodsto be shipped,the urgency of the consignment and theavailabilityofthetransportationservices,therequirementsofthecustomersandtheshippingcostsetc.35.1、asking for the shipment datenWhencanyoushipthegoo

45、ds?nWhencanwehavethegoods?nWhencanweexpectthegoodstobeshipped?nWhenistheearliestshipmentwecanexpect?nMayIhaveyourdeliverydate?nIsitpossibleforyoutoshipthegoodsinMay?nWhatsyourlastwordastothedateofshipment?返回36.2 instructing shipping datenShipmentwillbemade/effected/arranged例句：n剩余货物将在11月上旬装船Theremain

46、derofthegoodswillbeshippedinearlyNovember.37.2 instructing shipping daten我们一收到信用证安排装船WewillarrangeshipmentimmediatelyafterwereceiveyourL/C.货物将在收到信用证30天内发运nShipmentwillbeeffectedwithin30daysafterreceiptofyourL/D.返回38.3 direct vessel n常用术语：直航船directshipment转船装运transshipment返回39.4 the season例句n必须赶在8月交货

47、，否则赶不上季节。YoumusthavethegoodsshippedbeforeAugust,otherwise,wecantcatchtheseason.n今年番茄上市比往年早的多。Thisyeartomatoescomeinseasonearlierthanusual.40.4 the seasonn由于圣诞销售旺季即将来临，买主催促我们立即交货，否则他们就赶不上季节。AstheChristmasshoppingseasonisdrawingnear,buyersurgeusforanimmediateshipment.Otherwise,theywouldbehindtheseason

48、.返回41.5 earlier shipment常用用法n即期装运n近期装运n远期装运n提前/延期装运42.5 earlier shipment例句：（1）你方能不能再提前提前一点交货？Couldyoupossiblyadvanceshipmentfurthermore?（2）我希望你们能在收到我方信用证后马上上装运。IhopethatthegoodscanbeshippedpromptlyafteryougetourL/C.43.5 earlier shipment（3）三月初是我们能够做到的最早交最早交货日期。TheearliestshipmentwecanmakeisearlyMarch

49、.（4）还有另一种可能可以确保即期交即期交货。Theresstillanotherpossibilitytoensureapromptdeliveryofthegoods.返回44.6 partial shipment 例句n我们可以分期装运，也就是说，50%在9月份交货，其余的在10月份交货。Wecandeliverthegoodspartially,thatis,50%inSeptember,andtherestinOctober45.6 partial shipmentn如果允许分批装运的话，我们就不必等待货物备齐再发送，我们可以将现有货物及时发送以满足顾客需要。Ifthepartial

50、shipmentisallowed,insteadofwaitingforthewholelotgetready,wecanshipthelotthatisreadytomeettheneedofcustomers.返回46.（1）你们的询价将立即立即得到处理理。Yourinquirywillbedealtwithimmediately.（2）现在我们来认真的讨论这笔交易的中心中心问题价格问题。Nowletsgetdowntodealingwiththeheartofthistransaction_thequestionofprice.（3）如果我没弄弄错的话，我们彼此打交道打交道已差不多有2