第九讲_增词法(1).ppt

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1、一、简介一、简介Eg.1)The bridge is long.这桥长。这桥长。/这座桥是长的。这座桥是长的。/这座桥这座桥很很长。长。2)She likes singing and dancing.她喜欢唱她喜欢唱歌歌跳跳舞舞。3)I forgot my key.我忘了我忘了带带钥匙。钥匙。4)What they wanted was an end of uncertainties.他们最渴望的就是结束这种摇摆不定的他们最渴望的就是结束这种摇摆不定的局面局面。5)三个臭皮匠，抵个诸葛亮。三个臭皮匠，抵个诸葛亮。Three cobblers equal a Zhuge Liang.Three

2、cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the master mind.张伟红张伟红第九讲 增词法（1）(amplification)2012-11-52012-11-5张伟红张伟红增词法（英汉）增词法（英汉）一、简介一、简介二、根据词义和逻辑修辞需要增补二、根据词义和逻辑修辞需要增补三、根据句法需要增补（孙：第六章，第二三、根据句法需要增补（孙：第六章，第二 节；陈：节；陈：4.14.1）四、练习四、练习张伟红张伟红二、根据词义和逻辑修辞需要增补二、根据词义和逻辑修辞需要增补1.增补名词增补名词(1)在不及物动词之后在不及物动词

3、之后Eg.1)He never drinks before driving.他开他开车车前从不喝前从不喝酒酒。2)She spent most of her spare time at home,reading and drawing.她的大部分空余时间是在家里度过的，读她的大部分空余时间是在家里度过的，读书书、作、作画画。(2)在形容词前面在形容词前面Eg.1)This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.这部打字机真是这部打字机真是价价廉廉物物美。美。2)She was small and slight,pale,but very beautiful.她

4、她身量身量瘦小，瘦小，面色面色苍白，但苍白，但模样模样倒很漂亮。倒很漂亮。张伟红张伟红(3)在具体名词之后在具体名词之后Eg.1)He got his doctors degree at Cambridge in 2002.2002年他在剑桥年他在剑桥大学大学获得了博士学位。获得了博士学位。2)At days end Tom headed home in his Ford.日暮时分，汤姆驾驶着他的福特日暮时分，汤姆驾驶着他的福特轿车轿车往家里赶。往家里赶。(4)在抽象名词之后（表范畴）在抽象名词之后（表范畴）Eg.1)After all preparations were made,our m

5、eeting will begin.一切准备一切准备工作工作就绪以后，会议就开始。就绪以后，会议就开始。2)The first and the hardest task of the new government was to deal with the ever-growing unemployment.新政府最紧迫、最艰巨的任务是解决日益严峻的失业新政府最紧迫、最艰巨的任务是解决日益严峻的失业问题问题。persuasion,investigation,antagonism,tension,arrogance,backwardness,difficulty,liberation,madnes

6、s说服说服工作工作，调查，调查工作工作，敌对，敌对态度态度，紧张，紧张局势局势，自满，自满情绪情绪，落后，落后状态状态，困难困难情况情况，解放，解放事业事业，疯狂，疯狂行为行为张伟红张伟红2.2.增补动词增补动词Eg.1)He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.他没有他没有致致闭幕辞就宣布闭幕辞就宣布结束结束会议。会议。2)After the banquets,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions,he went home exhausted.在在参加参加宴会、宴会、出席出席音乐会

7、、音乐会、观看观看乒乓球表演之后，他疲惫地回乒乓球表演之后，他疲惫地回到了家里。到了家里。3.增补表示复数概念的词增补表示复数概念的词Eg.1)Ladies and gentlemen！女士女士们们，先生，先生们们！2)He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars.他伸出他伸出双双腿，露出腿上的腿，露出腿上的道道道道伤疤。伤疤。3)The lion is the king of animals.狮子是狮子是百百兽之王。兽之王。张伟红张伟红4.4.增补形容词增补形容词Eg.1)Courage is the thing.All goes

8、 if courage goes.勇气是勇气是最重要的最重要的东西。丧失了勇气，也就丧失了一切。东西。丧失了勇气，也就丧失了一切。2)Inflation has now reached unprecedented level.通货膨胀已经发展到了空前通货膨胀已经发展到了空前严重的严重的地步。地步。5.增补副词增补副词Eg.1)The crowds melted away.The crowds melted away.人群人群人群人群渐渐渐渐渐渐渐渐散开了。散开了。散开了。散开了。2)On hearing the sad news,she sank down onto the bed and b

9、urst out crying.听到噩耗，她听到噩耗，她一屁股一屁股坐到床上，坐到床上，嚎啕嚎啕大哭起来。大哭起来。张伟红张伟红6.6.增补名量词和动量词增补名量词和动量词Eg.1)A full moon is rising from the east.一一轮轮明月从东方升起。明月从东方升起。2)A beautiful face is the best letter of recommendation.一一张张漂亮脸蛋就是一漂亮脸蛋就是一封封最好的介绍信。最好的介绍信。3)a tree,three donkeys,ten cinemas一一棵棵树，三树，三头头驴，十驴，十座座影院影院4)Oh,

10、you frightened me.啊，你吓了我啊，你吓了我一跳一跳。5)On hearing what I said,she gave me an angry look.听了我的话，她生气地瞪了我听了我的话，她生气地瞪了我一眼一眼。6)have a rest,have a discussion,give a kick 休息休息一下一下，讨论，讨论一番一番，踢，踢一脚一脚张伟红张伟红7.7.增补语气词增补语气词Eg.1)Dont take it seriously.Im just joking.别当真别当真嘛嘛，我不过是开个玩笑，我不过是开个玩笑罢了罢了。2)Do what I say or

11、else!照我说的做，不然的话照我说的做，不然的话哼哼！3)As for me,I didnt agree from the very beginning.我我呢呢，从一开始就不赞成。，从一开始就不赞成。8.增补概括词增补概括词Eg.1)China and Canada have reached an understanding on the exchange of returned students.中加中加两国两国就互派留学生问题达成了谅解。就互派留学生问题达成了谅解。2)The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electroni

12、c computers,artificial satellites and rockets.论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭三方面三方面的新成就。的新成就。张伟红张伟红三、根据句法需要进行增补三、根据句法需要进行增补1.增补原文中省略部分增补原文中省略部分Eg.1)”Be quiet,everybody,”she said.And they were.她说：她说：“大家安静。大家安静。”于是他们于是他们安静安静了下来。了下来。2)Times change and we with them.时代在变迁，人们也随之时代在变迁，人们也随之变化变化。3)The

13、specific gravity of steel is 7.8,of lead 11.4.钢的比重是钢的比重是7.8，而铅的，而铅的比重比重是是11.4。4)Reading makes a full man;conference a ready man;writing an exact man.读书使人充实，讨论读书使人充实，讨论使人使人机智，写作机智，写作使人使人准确。准确。张伟红张伟红2.2.增补原文中的隐含意义增补原文中的隐含意义Eg.1)A child who will not hear must feel.小孩子不听话，就得小孩子不听话，就得挨打挨打。2)The molecules

14、 get closer and closer with the pressure.随着压力随着压力增大增大，分子越靠越紧。，分子越靠越紧。3)Men are April when they woo,December when they wed.男人求婚时如四月男人求婚时如四月一样温柔一样温柔，结婚后如十二月，结婚后如十二月一样冷酷一样冷酷。4)Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed.假设准备工作完成不了，假设准备工作完成不了，那可怎么办那可怎么办？5)Heated,water will change into vapor.水水如

15、如受热，受热，就就会汽化。会汽化。张伟红张伟红练习练习1.I dont care about it.You may please yourself.2.Are you tired?Not very.3.They talked about inflation,unemployment and environmental pollution.4.Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.5.After the basketball match,the chairman still has an important meeting.6.Wh

16、at a leader he was!7.As he sat down and began talking,words poured out.8.Day after day he came to his work sweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.9.He was wrinkled and black,with scant hair.10.Flowers bloom all over the yard.张伟红张伟红1.I dont care about it.You may please yourself.我倒无所谓，随你的便我倒无所谓，随你的便吧吧。2.Are you

17、tired?Not very.你累了吗？不太你累了吗？不太累累。3.They talked about inflation,unemployment and environmental pollution.他们谈到通货膨胀，失业，环境污染他们谈到通货膨胀，失业，环境污染等问题等问题。4.Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.学生应该向老师学习，学生应该向老师学习，老师也应该向学生学习老师也应该向学生学习。5.After the basketball match,the chairman still has an important

18、 meeting.在在观看观看篮球比赛之后，主席还有一个重要会议要篮球比赛之后，主席还有一个重要会议要参加参加。张伟红张伟红6.What a leader he was!他真是一个他真是一个出类拔萃的出类拔萃的领袖啊。领袖啊。7.As he sat down and began talking,words poured out.他一坐下来就讲开了，他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地滔滔不绝地讲个没完。讲个没完。8.Day after day he came to his work sweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.他每天来干活他每天来干活扫扫地地，擦，擦地板地板，收拾，收拾房间房间。9.He was wrinkled and black,with scant hair.他他满脸满脸皱纹，皱纹，皮肤皮肤黝黑，黝黑，头发头发稀疏。稀疏。10.Flowers bloom all over the yard.朵朵朵朵鲜花开满了庭院。鲜花开满了庭院。张伟红张伟红