英语专业常用词汇辨析.ppt

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1、英语专业常用词汇辨析英语专业常用词汇辨析Content1.Revision2.Presentation3.Practice1.RevisionUsethefollowingadjectivestocompletethesentences:alive,lively,living,live1.Sheistheimageofhermother.2.Nomancanwritebetterpoetrythanthis.3.Wemustkeepthememoryofthepast.4.Sheisfullytothesubtletyofthesituation.5.Thatstillremainsaques

2、tion.6.Yesterdayafternoontheyhadadiscussioninclass.Usethefollowingadjectivestocompletethesentences:respectable,respectful,respective,respecting1.Shegaveabowtothecustomer.2.Heisanoldman.3.Teachingisajobforus.4.Weallgobacktoourbedroomafterschool.5.Theyarediscussingtheproblemairpollutionincities.Usethe

3、followingadjectivestocompletethesentences:worth,worthy,worthwhile1.Thenovelisreading.2.Thenovelistoberead.3.Itisreadingthenovel.4.Toreadthenovelis.2.PresentationThreeGroupsofSynonyms:1.take;seize;grasp;clutch;cling;grip;grab;snatch2.smile;laugh;grin;sneer;beam;giggle;snigger;chuckle3.tempt;entice;al

4、lure;seduce;lure;coax;attract;fascinate1.take;seize;grasp;clutch;cling;grip;grab;snatch(1)take意广意广,常用词意为常用词意为“拿、握、取拿、握、取”“Take”meanstogetorlayholdofwiththehandsoranypartofthebody.Phrases:totakesb.shandtotakesth.ononesbacktotakeamanbythethroattotakesb.inonesarmsSentences:1.Whenpeopletakeapersonbyapar

5、tofhisorherbody,theyholdthepersonbyit.2.Themantookthegirlbythehand.3.Hetookthefirstprizeintherecitationcontest.4.Therabbitwastakeninatrap.5.Wetookfreshflowerstooursickfriendinthehospital.(2)seize意为意为“突然用力抓住、突然用力抓住、握住握住”Phrases:toseizepoliticalpowertoseizethecityfromtheenemytoseizeathieftoseizeanoppo

6、rtunity/chanceSentences:1.Thepolicemanseizedthecriminalsuspect.2.Heseizedherhandandshookitheartily.3.Weshouldseizeeverypossiblechancetosucceed.4.TheRedArmyseizedthecityfromtheenemy.(3)grasp意意为为“紧紧紧紧抓抓住住不不放放”，喻喻指指“掌掌握握、领领会会”之意。之意。Phrases:tograsparopetograspsbshandtograspanargumenttograspthemainideaof

7、thearticleSentences:1.Thedrowningmangraspedthestrawofthewaterbank.2.Igraspedhishandfirmly.3.Itisveryeasyforthereaderstograspthemainideaofthetext.3.Thatisaproblembeyondmygrasp.(4)clutch意意为为“突突然然抓抓住住，并并伴伴有有急切、害怕的心理急切、害怕的心理”。“Clutch”meanstoseizeortotakeholdofsth.tightlywiththefearoflosingit.Whenpeoplec

8、lutchsth.orclutchat sth.,they hold it tightly withtheir hand,usually because theyareafraidofsth.oranxiousofsth.Phrases:tobeinsbsclutchestofallintotheclutchesofSentences:1.Thegirlclutchedherdollinherarmswhenthestrangercametoher.2.Adrawingmanwillclutchatastraw.3.Heclutchedtheropewethrewtohim.(5)cling意

9、为意为“紧紧掌握，伴有粘紧紧掌握，伴有粘住、住、缠住、缠住、”Phrases:toclingtoonespossessionstoclingtoahopeofbeingrescuedSentences:1.Mudisclingingtoyourshoes.2.Thewetclothesclingtothebody.3.Sheclungtothehopethathersonwasnotdead.4.Theyclingtoalltheold,inefficientmethodsofdoingthings.(6)grip：totakeandkeepafirmholdof;toseizesth.fir

10、mly,Agripisafirm,strongholdonsth.Italsomeanstounderstandorcomprehendsth.Phrases:tohaveagoodgripofaproblemtohavethepowerinonesgriptoloseonesgriponsth.Sentences:1.Thepolicemanwouldnotletgohisgriponthethief.2.Shegrippedmyhandinfear.3.Thebrakedoesntgripproperly.(7)grab意为意为“抢夺、掠夺抢夺、掠夺”Phrases:toamakegrab

11、atsth.tobeonthegrab伺机捞一把伺机捞一把tograbandkeep强取豪夺强取豪夺Sentences:1.Theboygrabbedtheappleandranoff.2.Thethiefgrabbedthebagawayfromtheoldwoman.(8)snatch意为意为“突然快速的拿、取突然快速的拿、取”“Snatch”meanstoputoutthehandsuddenlyandswiftlyandtake.Itlaysemphasisonthequickmovement.Phrases:tosnatchtheguntosnatchasleeptosnatcham

12、ealtosnatchavictoryoutofdefeat转败为胜转败为胜Sentences:1.Thewindsnatchedhiscapoff.2.Thebabywassnatchedawaybyprematuredeath.3.Thejournalistsnatchedapictureofthemurdereronthespot.2.smile;laugh;grin;sneer;beam;giggle;snigger;chuckle(1)smile微笑微笑Phrases:apleasantsmileahappysmileanamusedsmiletobeallsmilestocrack

13、asmiletosmileonesapprovaltosmileonesapprovaltosmileonesthankstosmilewithabittersmiletosmileaforcedsmileSentences:1.Hegaveasatisfiedsmile.2.Hesmiledtoseeherchildrensohappy.(2)laughtomakesoundsandmovementsofthefaceandbody,showingamusement,joyandcontempt,etc.Phrases:tolaughatsb.orsth.tomakefunoftolaugh

14、uponessleevetobesecretlyamusedlaughingstock:personorthingthatcausesgeneralridicule.Sentences:Thejokemadeeverybodylaugh.Helaughsbest,wholaughslast.(3)grin:tosmilebroadlysoastoshowonesteethexpressingamusement,foolishsatisfaction意为意为“露齿而笑露齿而笑”Phrases:togrinfromeartoear咧着嘴笑咧着嘴笑togrinandbearit逆来顺受逆来顺受Sen

15、tences:1.Hegrinnedatherandlaidhishandonhers.2.Therewasabroadgrinonhisface.(4)sneer:tosmilecruellyandcontemptuously意为意为“讥笑、冷笑、嘲笑讥笑、冷笑、嘲笑”Phrases:tosneersb.outofcountenancetosneerdownaproposalSentences:1.Ifeltthateverywomanheresneersatme.2.Youshouldignoretheirsneersatyourefforts.3.Youshouldignoretheir

16、sneersatyourefforts.(5)beam:tosmilewithgreatenjoyment/tosmilehappilyandcheerfullyPhrases:tobeamonhisfriendsabeamofdelight笑逐颜开笑逐颜开tobeamwithsatisfaction满意地微笑满意地微笑Sentences:1.Whenpeoplebeam,theysmilebrightlyandhappily.2.Herfacebeamedwithgreatjoy.(6)giggle:tolaughinanervousandsillyway意为意为“咯咯笑、痴笑、傻笑咯咯笑、

17、痴笑、傻笑”Sentences:1.Thechildishgirlgiggledathissmileinreturn.2.Thesillyschoolgirlalwaysgigglesinclass.(7)snigger:tolaughhalf-suppressedatsth.improperorinacynicalmanner意为意为“窃笑、暗笑窃笑、暗笑”Phrases:tosniggerat/oversth.Sentences:1.Thewifesniggeredwhensheheardthatherhusbandhadfoundthathismoneywasmissing.(8)chu

18、ckle:to laugh quietlywithgreatenjoyment意意为为“低低声声轻轻笑笑、母母鸡鸡的的咯咯咯咯的叫声的叫声”Sentences:1.Hewaschucklingtohimselfoverwhathewasreading.他因感所读之处有趣而独自他因感所读之处有趣而独自低声轻笑。低声轻笑。3.tempt;entice;allure;seduce;lure;coax;attract;fascinate(1)tempt引诱引诱/诱惑诱惑/使发生兴使发生兴趣趣temptation诱惑诱惑，引诱，引诱temptatious诱惑性的诱惑性的temptable易被诱惑的易被诱

19、惑的temptability可诱惑性可诱惑性temptress引诱人的女人引诱人的女人.toattractsb.tohaveortodosth.wrongorfoolish.Phrases:nevertobetemptedoffthestraightpath决不被引入歧途决不被引入歧途totemptsb.tostealtoresistgreattemptationastrongtemptationtosb.tofallinto/givewayto/yieldto/leadsb.intotemptation使某人受诱惑使某人受诱惑Sentences:1.Iamtemptedtoquestiont

20、his.我很想问这件事。我很想问这件事。2.CantItemptyoutohaveanotherhelping?(2)entice纵容某人纵容某人;引诱引诱enticeable有诱惑力的有诱惑力的enticement引诱引诱enticing迷人的；诱人的迷人的；诱人的enticer有诱惑力的人有诱惑力的人topersuadesb.ortemptsb.todosth.Phrases:toenticesb.intodoingsth.怂恿某人做某事怂恿某人做某事toenticeawayfrom从从诱出诱出toenticeayounggirlawayfromhome.toenticeamanfromd

21、uty(3)allure诱惑诱惑allurement魅力魅力/诱惑力诱惑力alluring诱惑的诱惑的/迷人的迷人的allurer引诱者引诱者/引诱物引诱物SentencesTheyalluredherintoatrap.(4)seduce诱惑诱惑/引诱引诱seducement引诱引诱seducer引诱者引诱者/引诱物引诱物seducible可引诱的可引诱的seduction勾引勾引seductive诱惑的诱惑的seductress有勾引力的女人有勾引力的女人tomakesb.fallintoatraporcommitacrimebysomeunlawfulmeans.Phrases:tose

22、ducesb.fromhisduty诱使某人放弃职责诱使某人放弃职责Sentences:1.Howmanywomenhadthecriminalseducedbeforehewasputintoprison?2.Theyoungprettywomantriedtoseducehimformoney.(5)lure诱饵诱饵/引诱引诱thesameasseduce,theycanbeusedinterchangeably.tocometooneslure上钩上钩tobringsb.tothelure引某人上钩引某人上钩(6)coax好话劝好话劝/哄骗哄骗tomakesb.dosth.bykindn

23、essorpatiencePhrases:tocoaxachildtotakethemedicinetocoaxasmilefromthebabytocoaxsb.todo/intodoingsth.tocoaxsth.outofsb.SentencesThoughhecoaxedandpleaded,sherefusedtogotodancewithher.(7)attract吸引吸引attractive引人注目的引人注目的attractable可被吸引的可被吸引的attractability吸引性吸引性attractor吸引人注意的人或物吸引人注意的人或物Phrases:atourista

24、ttractionthegravitationalattraction地球引力地球引力magneticattraction磁力磁力toattractonesattentionSentences:1.Likesattractlikes.2.Thefilmattractsalargeaudience.(8)fascinate迷住迷住,使人感兴趣使人感兴趣fascinating迷人的迷人的,醉人的醉人的fascinator迷人之物迷人之物/之人之人fascinatress有魅力的女人有魅力的女人fascination魔力魔力,感染力感染力Sentences1.Thechangingvividcolorsofthesunsetfascinatedoureyes.2.Theverystyleoftheoldhouseisveryfascinating.