2017年全国高考英语短文改错专题.ppt

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1、2017届高三英语短文改错专题命题特点短文改错短文长度在110词左右,体裁为记叙文,题材为考生熟知的内容。设题的形式通常是多词和缺词各1题,错词8题。设题以句为单位,每句最多两处错误。设错方式方式1.缺缺词补漏漏Ilikeplayingpiano.the2.多多词删除除Immoretallerthanhim.3.错词更正更正IamfondatEnglish.of注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。四不改四不改1.标点符号不改2.大小写不改3.单词拼写不改4.语序错误不改短文改错的失分原因1.基础知识不够扎实全面、语法功底不够深厚，对英汉两种语

2、言表达上的差异不甚清楚，使用时频频出现“中式英语”。2、对高考短文改错题的命题方向缺乏了解，因而答题时缺乏经验，思考的针对性、方向性很差。积累技巧失分原因错误设置及考点分布两大类型：逻辑错误语法错误词法错误句法错误20142016全国卷短文改错知识点分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷名词yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledgeyears形容词tastywonderfulmuchhelpfulseriousmanyworstfree副词beforethere去veryterriblysteadilyso时态语态

3、主谓一致havedontlooks/sitthoughtfind/beenbegantoldhaveusedchoosethinktold非谓语lookingtakingwearing代词everywheremanyour加hishiswhat/our/muchmyself加I冠词加a去the加thethea加the去the介词offor/加towithin加offor连词but去掉andbut去掉andand从句that宾语where宾语特殊句式should虚拟解题技巧错词词法方面:动词的时态、语态错误、形容词或副词的误用、名词的单复数错误、代词误用、介词误用、连词误用、非谓语动词形式错误等

4、;句法方面:名词性从句连接词、定语从句关系词和主谓一致等。多词或缺词主要考查冠词、介词或代词、不定式符号to。1.不定冠词a和an互改 2.不定冠词 a或an和定冠词the互改 3.根据需要增删冠词(注意惯用法)一.冠词常见错误：高考真高考真题1.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.2.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplay.3.Ifyoudliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyo

5、urguide.the a4.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.5.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.6.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.7.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.8.ThatdayIdidntlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpres

6、sivelessonaboutgravity!atheaan 1.冠词的基本用法。2.固定搭配。解决方案：二.名词常见错误：1.单复数用错。2.可数与不可数名词的混用。3.动词、形容词转化为名词时的错误。高考真高考真题1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroaden

7、ourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.parentsyearsairknowledgehours6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehimlotsofgoodbookandfreshfruit.8.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighsch

8、ool.9.Idliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglish10.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.minutesbooksfriendsplaceshonesty解决方案：解决方案：1.弄清可数与不可数名词。2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的用法。1.1.介介词的多余或缺失的多余或缺失 2.2.错用。用。三.介词常见错误：解决方案：1.常用介词的基本用法2.常用介词的固定搭配。高考真高考真题1.Myunclesaysthatheneve

9、rdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.2.NowIamleavinghometocollege.3.Unluckily,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.4.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.5.Withthehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes.6.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafterschoolactivitiesofforwithino

10、ffor7.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.8.Hewastall,withbroadshouldersandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.9.ThebookImreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.10.Interestingly,ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelainindustry.11.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnex

11、tyear tointo/towith/to1.人称代词、物主代词的前后一致性、单复数的一致性。2.人称代词主格和宾格的变化。3.代词的误用与漏用。4.不定代词错用。5.作形式主作形式主语语与形式与形式宾语宾语itit的的遗遗漏或漏或误误用。用。四.代词常见错误：高考真高考真题1.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourview.2.Istillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.3.IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.4.Myclass

12、matesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.5.Fiveminuteslater.Tonysawparents.ourImyselfwhathis6.Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.7.Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.8.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.9.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown10.I

13、tdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.11.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.oureverywheremanyhimmuchhis五.形容词和副词常见错误：1.形容词与副词的混用。2.形容词与副词比较等级混用。3.同义或近义或反义形容词与副词之间的混用。解决方案：1.在句中作定语、表语、补语用形容词。在句中作状语，修修饰形容形容词、副、副词、动词和全句和全句用副副词。2.注意比较级或最高级的比较对象和范围。特别注意提示词most,than,as以及其他加强比较等级程度的修饰语。单音节形容词和副

14、词比较级前不可再加more。3.注意many,much,a few,a little,very,so,too,Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等词的区别。4.-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。5.注意并列现象。6.熟记固定搭配sothat,tooto,asas等高考真高考真题1.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.2.However,myparentsdidntseemtothinksuch.3.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.4.Globalwarminghasalreadybec

15、omeaveryseriouslyproblem.5.DadandIwereterribleworried.6.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.soManysteadilyseriousterribly7.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.8.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!.9.Wedidntneedtodosomanyhomework10.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.11.Theywer

16、ealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.12.IhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.13.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.freewonderfultastyTheremuchhelpfulworst六.连词常见错误：上下文之间的逻辑关系，主要是but与so/and与or之间的误用.高考真高考真题1.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.2.Hemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhig

17、hqualityoilareusedforcooking.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.5.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.andandand七.动词常见错误1.时态错误,时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据注意：通常是一般现在时改为

18、一般过去时;或者一般过去时改为一般现在时2.主谓不一致,如主语为单数，谓语动词未用单数,或主语为复数,谓语动词却用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响 3.语态错用,以及不能用被动语态的词和短语，比如：happen,take place,belong to,come true高考真高考真题1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.2.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytosuccessishonesty.3.We

19、canchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.4.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmuch.5.However,myparentsdidntseemtothinkso.Theyalwaystellmewhattodo.toldhaveusedchoosethink6.Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.7.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasbecomeaveryseriousproblem.8.We

20、 must found ways to protect your environment.9.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.10.Wedidntneedtodosomuchhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimeforafterschoolactivities.11.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowers.dontthoughtfindbeganlooks解决方案1通读全文，搞清文中动词主体时态.2结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.3认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.4.非

21、非谓语动词的的错用：用：l主要是主要是doing与与done之之间的的误用用,l动词不定式符号不定式符号to的添加的添加,l动词原形原形变成成doing的形式等的形式等land连接的接的to do或或doing前后一致前后一致问题;.高考真高考真题1.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.2.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.3.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.4

22、.Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknowingus.5.Wehavebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.takingwearinglookingknowsinging6.The doctor told the man to write a letter and returned the money to his brother.7.Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also.8.Soon I began to enjoy tal

23、k to myself.9.It is one of the funniest things finding on the Internet so far this year.10.Li Ming came see me every day.Playingtalkingreturnfoundto八.复合句常见错误.1.掌握好三大从句的运用。掌握好三大从句的运用。2.注意三大从句之注意三大从句之间的区的区别。解决方案解决方案引导词错用，分不清从句类型。高考真高考真题1.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.2.Heturnedarounda

24、ndfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.3.ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMomsfavorite4.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.wherethat或去掉that/which或去掉when/while高考短文改错解题步骤 纵观全文,理解大意逐句审读,分析判断对照考点，推敲难点还原检查,规范答题 动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；短文改错口诀冠词连词常光顾，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，Thesumme

25、rholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyouviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.