雅思精品写作2表格类作文~~~~~~~~~~~~~.ppt
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1、本次课内容:本次课内容:1.Task1图表作文的写法,常用表达,图表作文的写法,常用表达,形成图表题的写作思路,练习形成图表题的写作思路,练习2.流程图和书信的写法介绍流程图和书信的写法介绍一一.图表作文写作要求图表作文写作要求时间:时间:20分钟分钟字数字数:不少于不少于150(150-170)不可忽视图表作文对整体分数的影响不可忽视图表作文对整体分数的影响1.客观性写作:客观性写作:描述图表信息,不表达个人观点描述图表信息,不表达个人观点千万不可以出现千万不可以出现I think 我认为这些字样。我认为这些字样。2.详尽性写作:详尽性写作:起点,拐点,终点,变化趋势起点,拐点,终点,变化趋
2、势必须交代清楚必须交代清楚二二.图表作文的分类图表作文的分类数据类:数据类:1.table表格图表格图2.linechart/linegraph曲线图曲线图(线状图线状图)3.barchart柱状图柱状图4.piechart饼状图饼状图非数据类:非数据类:processdiagram流程图流程图三三.图表作文写作步骤图表作文写作步骤(一一)审题:审题:1.看清图表类型看清图表类型2.先读先读题干信息题干信息,后读图表信息,后读图表信息3.读线状图时看清读线状图时看清横纵轴横纵轴的含义的含义4.看清楚看清楚单位单位,在写作的时候抄进文章,在写作的时候抄进文章(二二)构思:构思:确定段数:确定段数
3、:开头段开头段+主体段主体段+结尾段结尾段主体段个数的确定原则:主体段个数的确定原则:(1)多个图:几个图就写几个主体段多个图:几个图就写几个主体段(2)一个图:按照分类元素确定主体段个一个图:按照分类元素确定主体段个数数(三三)写作:写作:1.开头段,主体段,结尾段缺一不可开头段,主体段,结尾段缺一不可2.常用图表作文表达必须全部掌握常用图表作文表达必须全部掌握3.使用逻辑衔接词和转承短语使用逻辑衔接词和转承短语注意时间控制:注意时间控制:20mins(四四)检查:检查:1.字数字数2.单词拼写,不要缩写单词拼写,不要缩写3.单位单位4.时态时态(开头段永远是(开头段永远是一般现在时一般现在
4、时)5.语法错误:主谓一致,缺少或者多余谓语法错误:主谓一致,缺少或者多余谓语,没有连词等语,没有连词等四四.图表作文图表作文25类常用表达总结类常用表达总结10种趋势类种趋势类1.上升上升,增加:增加:goup,ascend,grow,climbupincrease,rise,(v/n)showanupwardtrend增加了增加了increaseby增加到增加到increaseto2.急剧上升急剧上升,大幅度上升:大幅度上升:(1).Jump,shootup,surge,soar(不加不加修饰语修饰语)(2).goup/ascend/grow/increase/rise/climbup+s
5、harply/rapidly/dramatically/drastically/steeply/significantly/substantially3.小幅度上升:小幅度上升:goup/ascend/grow/increase/rise/climbup+modestly/slightly/marginally/moderatelyexperienceaslightgrowthin4.平稳上升平稳上升,逐渐上升:逐渐上升:goup/ascend/grow/increase/rise+gradually/consistently/steadily/slowly/stepbystep5.下降下降,
6、减少:减少:decrease,decline,fall,drop,(v/n)godown,descend,sink,dipshowadownwardtrend6.急剧下降,大幅度下降:急剧下降,大幅度下降:(1).plummet,plunge(不加修饰语不加修饰语)(2).下降下降8个个+大幅度大幅度7个个7.小幅度下降:小幅度下降:下降下降8个个+小幅度小幅度4个个8.平稳下降,逐渐下降:平稳下降,逐渐下降:下降下降8个个+平稳平稳5个个9.波动波动,(在在间间)起伏不定:起伏不定:fluctuatev.用法:用法:fluctuatebetweenandfluctuateovertheper
7、iodoffluctuateoverthese24hoursfluctuationn.用法:用法:risewithsomefluctuations10.保持平稳,平衡,静止不动:保持平稳,平衡,静止不动:leveloffat,leveloutat+数字数字/百分比百分比hoverat,stabilizeat,reachaplateauatremain/stay/keepstable/unchangedat4种数字类:种数字类:1.倍数基础表达法:倍数基础表达法:A+istimes+as+adj.原级原级+as+BA+istimes+adj.比较级比较级+than+BA+istimes+thes
8、ize/length/height/width/depth+of+BThesize/length/height/width/depth+of+A+istimesof+BThe+n.+istimes+what从句从句这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍大。这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍大。Thistableis3timesasbigasthatone.Thistableis3timesbiggerthanthatone.Thistableis3timesthesizeofthatone.Thesizeofthistableis3timesofthatone.今年的产量是今年的产量是2006年的年的3倍。倍。The
9、outputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwasin2006.倍数高级表达法:倍数高级表达法:(1)是原来的是原来的倍:倍:数字数字+-fold(2)增长或者下降了增长或者下降了倍倍:数字数字-1+-foldshows/experiences/witnesses/undergoesathree-foldincrease/rise/decrease/reduction是原来的是原来的3倍倍/增加或减少了增加或减少了2倍倍例例:Between1971and1975,thepopulationwasupeight-fold.是原来的是原来的8倍倍,增加了增加了7倍倍2.一半:一半:
10、half,50%adj.Halftheapplesarebad.n.Halfoftheapplesarebad.adv.Myworkisnothalfdoneyet.3.大约,估计:大约,估计:about,around,roughly,intherough,intheneighborhoodof,approximately,orthereabout,justover,justunder,orso,例:例:around/roughly/approximately20intheneighborhoodof2020orso,20intherough4.比例,百分比:比例,百分比:percentage
11、,proportion,ratio,share成比例成比例beinratio不成比例不成比例beoutofratio,beill-proportioned成正比成正比beindirectratio成反比成反比beinreverseratioTheratioofAtoBisXtoY.Theratioofpupilstoteachersis30to1.学生和老师的比率是学生和老师的比率是30比比1.6种比较类种比较类1.大,达到最大值,达到最高点:大,达到最大值,达到最高点:reachthemaximum/thelargestpartofpeakatreachthepeakatreachthehi
12、ghestpointat2.小,跌到最小值,达到最低点:小,跌到最小值,达到最低点:reachtheminimum/thesmallestpartofbottomoutatreachthebottomatreachthelowestpointat3.多于多于morethan,over,above,upwardsofupwardsof60yearsoldexceed,surpass,overtake,-v.4.少于少于lessthan,fewerthanunder,below,within,5.相同和相似:相同和相似:相同相同beidenticalwith/bethesameasThesamei
13、strueof.也有同样情况也有同样情况,也适用于也适用于Inthesameway,Inlikemanner,beequaltobealikeness,beasimilarity,equally,大体相同大体相同,相似:相似:moreorlessalike,roughlythesame,showgreatresemblance,bebasicallythesameas6.不同:不同:bedifferent=beofgreatdifferencebedifferentfrombedistinguishedfrombecontrarytodifferfrom,varyfrombeadissimil
14、arity,beavariationA,unlike/asopposedto/asdistinctfromB,has其他其他10类常用表达:类常用表达:1.达到多少数量:达到多少数量:reach,hit,cometo,standat,arriveat,amountto,2.占多少比例:占多少比例:occupy,represent,constitute,makeup,takeup,accountfor,3.由由组成组成,包括几部分:,包括几部分:bemadeupof,becomposedof,consistofcomprise=becomprisedof4.分别:分别:respectively,
15、separately,:常放在句尾常放在句尾Femalepart-timersandhousewiveshave40 and 50 hours of leisure time,respectively.5.比较:比较:类比:类比:similarly,likewise,对比:对比:unlike,conversely,in/bycontrast,onthecontrary,incomparison,A,while/whereas/whilstB6.分类,分组:分类,分组:名词名词:classes,types,groups,divisions,sorts,aspects,parts,categori
16、es,classifications动词:动词:beclassifiedintofourgroupsbedividedintotwocategoriesmaybegradedaccordingto/onthebasisof/dependingonberoughlyclassedunderfourheads.fallintotwocategories(用主动用主动)7.时期表达法:时期表达法:over/duringtheperiodoftwodecades/24hours/sevendays,duringthis25-yearperiod,duringthisseven-monthstage,f
17、romtobetweenand8.对方观点或对方数据:对方观点或对方数据:thedataofanothergroup,Thecorrespondingdata,Thestatisticsofitscounterpart,9.剩余的剩余的Therestof+名词名词Theremaining+名词名词Theremainder(后不需要加名词)(后不需要加名词)10.然后然后,以后,之后,在那以后,以后,之后,在那以后,then,later,Next,andthen,afterthat,thereafter,whereafter,afterwards,fromthispointonwards,Ove
18、rthefollowingthree-yearperiod,在接下来的三年里在接下来的三年里五五.图表作文开头段的写法图表作文开头段的写法开头段的写法:改写转述题目开头段的写法:改写转述题目1.改变题干中关键词的改变题干中关键词的词性词性2.改变题干中关键词的改变题干中关键词的位置位置3.同义替换同义替换,同义转换同义转换4.加入图表中的其他文字信息加入图表中的其他文字信息(时间,性别,国时间,性别,国家家,对象对象)5.开头段永远是一般现在时开头段永远是一般现在时原原 题题 干干:The graph below shows theenrollments of overseas student
19、s andlocalstudentsinBritainsuniversities.Thegivenbarchartdemonstratesthe(说明图表类型)说明图表类型)(同义替换同义替换)proportionofforeignstudentsandlocal(添加新信息添加新信息)(同义替换同义替换)studentsenrolledinBritainsuniversities(关键词词性和位置关键词词性和位置)from1989to1999.(添加新信息添加新信息)图表作文开头段常用替换图表作文开头段常用替换1.show:(11种种)give,describe,demonstrate,ou
20、tline,indicate,reveal,present,illustrate,provideanoverviewof,provideanoverallviewof,provideabreakdownof,2.Information:data,statistics,numbers,figures,3.proportion:percentage,share单个图开头段练习(见讲义)单个图开头段练习(见讲义)1.表表1饼状图的题干:饼状图的题干:ThegraphbelowshowsustheinformationhowelectricityisusedinanaverageEnglishhome
21、.范范 例例 1.The pie chart above provides abreakdownofwhattheelectricityisusedforinacommonEnglishfamily/household.范范例例2.Thegivenpiechartdemonstratesthe percentage/proportion/data/statistics about what the electricity isusedforinacommonEnglishfamily.表表2单曲线图开头段练习单曲线图开头段练习开头段:The line chart illustrates the
22、 data about people at a London subway station from 6am to 10pm.表表3线状图开头段练习线状图开头段练习The line chart/graph above reveals thepercentage of people/individuals aged65 and over from 1940 to 2040 in threedifferent nationsJapan,Sweden andtheUSA.表表4柱状图开头段练习柱状图开头段练习The bar chart indicates the data ofleisure tim
23、e enjoyed by males andfemalesofdifferentjobstatusinthemonthofMarch,2002.两个图开头段的写法两个图开头段的写法1.两个图捏合到一起写一句话:两个图捏合到一起写一句话:(两个图表两个图表类型相同时可考虑类型相同时可考虑)2.两个图分别各写一句话:中间用两个图分别各写一句话:中间用and或或者者while连接连接(推荐写法:条理更清晰推荐写法:条理更清晰)表表6两个图表的开头段练习两个图表的开头段练习一共写一句话:一共写一句话:Thebarchartand/combinedwiththelinechartdemonstratet
24、hestatisticsofJapanesetouriststravellingoverseasandAustraliasshareofJapanstouristmarketrespectivelyfrom1985to1995.各写一句话:各写一句话:The bar chart provides an overview ofJapanesetouriststravellingoverseasfrom1985to1995,whilethelinechartdemonstrates the statistics of Australiasshare of Japans tourist market
25、 of thecorrespondingperiod(同同期期)/overthesameperiod.同期同期:ofthecorrespondingperiod,overthesameperiod表表5两个图表的开头段练习两个图表的开头段练习Thefirsttabledescribestheoutcomeofaninvestigationconductedof100,000individualsconcerningthepurposesoftheir travelling overseas during theperiod from 1994 to 1998,while thesecondta
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