《MPAcc单词词根词缀记忆.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《MPAcc单词词根词缀记忆.ppt(57页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、RootsandAffixesByMiracle为什么要学词根词缀?1 词根词缀是中高级英语学习者提高词汇量的最有效的方式,引爆词汇量激增的“核动力”。2 词根词缀帮助我们更深刻理解单词。3词根词缀赋予我们猜测生词的能力。MBA英语大纲不仅要求5800常见词,还要求考生有“理解一些非常用词的词义”的能力。猜测生词主要方法有:1)上下文 2)词根词缀 比如:在比如:在0707年年0808年真题中分别出现过年真题中分别出现过 anticapitalistanticapitalist,precapitalist precapitalist 词根词缀基础知识:词根词缀基础知识:英文单词的“偏旁部首”-
2、词根词缀。词缀中:放在词根前面的称前缀,放在词根后的称后缀。比如:international词根决定单词的基本意思,词缀往往是补充意。比如表示方向,否定,加强等。比如表示方向,否定,加强等。单词可以只有词根,但是不能只有词缀。看单词主要看前部,单词的意思主要由前缀和词根决定,后缀主要决定词性,少数后缀表示补充含义。十大明星前缀记忆-最常见的前缀共分五组:共分五组:共分五组:共分五组:内外,进退,前后,分合,上下内外,进退,前后,分合,上下内外,进退,前后,分合,上下内外,进退,前后,分合,上下内外内外:In/im:在内,向内-importe/ex:在外,向外-export进退:进退:pro:向
3、前进-progressre:1.向后退,-reject2.再、重复-rebuild前后:前后:pre:在前面predictpost:在后面postwar,postgraduate分合:分合:de:1.向下-decline,decide2.去掉,离开away-decode,deforestv.采伐森林dis:1.分开,去掉discardv.出牌2.否定dislikeco:共同,一起together-colleague,coworker,cooperation上下:上下:super:在上面-supervise,supermansub:在下面-subway,submarine1current:(1)
4、现在的=presentcurrentaffairs时事自我介绍:ImKevin.Currently,IamworkingasaMarketingdirectoratIBM.(2)current还表示:流动的,流行的currentbillsandcoins流通的纸币和硬币currentfashions流行的时尚词根cur(r),curs,cours=run,happen表示“跑,发生”currentadj.流动的,n.潮流(curr+ent跑的流动的)currencyn.流传;流通的货币(跑来跑去的钱流通货币)curriculumn.全部的课程(表)(curr+iculum表名词学员跑来跑去的(
5、依据)课表)curriculum与与course的区别的区别excursionn.远足;游览ex出+cur+sion跑出去远足)e.g.letusgoonanexcursioninspringtime去春游cursive:adj.(字)草写的(curs+ive象跑样写草写)草书/行书:cursivewriting草体字:acursivestyleoftypeprecursorn先驱;先兆(pre+curs+or先跑者先驱)04-2阅读题precursorn.Iceboxistheprecursorofmodernrefrigerator.cur,curs=happenoccurv.发生,出现(
6、oc反复+cur反复跑反复发生)occurrencen.出现,产生(occur+r+ence)concur1.同时发生(con共同+cur共同跑同时发生)Hisgraduationconcurredwithhisbirthday.2.同时赞同=agreeIconcurwithyou.recurv.再发生,重现(re再次+cur再次跑来)Oldmemoriesconstantlyrecurredtohim.往事经常浮现在他的脑海里。ExercisePeoplesexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-bei
7、ngthantheir_statedoes.A)currentB)initialC)modernD)primitive2certification:证明qualitycertification质量证明(书)来自动词certifycertifyv.确认是真实、准确的比如一个人半夜喜欢唱歌,然后Hewascertified(as)insane.他已由医生出具证书证明为精神错乱。比如:查帐时,帐目经查核证明无误。Theaccountswerecertified(as)correct.certificaten.证书/执照abirthcertificate出生证academiccertificate学历
8、证amarriagecertificate结婚证graduationcertificate毕业证course-completioncertificate结业证degreecertificate学位证vocationalcertificate职业证书词根:词根:cern/cert=tomakesure弄清楚弄清楚certainadj.肯定的certifyv.弄清事实真相证明certificaten.能帮助我们澄清事实的东西证书concernv.关注con表示一起,要一起把事情弄清楚表示关注discernv.dis-区分,cern-弄清楚把事情区分清楚辨别discernthedirection/r
9、oadinthedark在黑暗中辨别方向一个很有眼光的顾客:adiscerningcustomer/investor3identity:身份IDcard:=identity后缀-ation往往来自动词的名词identifyv.identification具有动词性的名词身份的确认identity身份Thepolicehavenotyetidentifiedthevictim.警方尚未确认遇难者的身份。certifycertification(具有动词性的名词)n.的证明certificaten.证书unifyunification(具有动词性的名词)的统一Thepeacefulunificat
10、ionofChina.unityn.统一体Europeaneconomicunity.欧洲经济共同体qualifyv.(使)具有资格qualification具有动词性的名词资格qualityn.质量fulfillthequalificationsforanMBAcandidate满足报考MBA的要求realizev.realization的实现reality现实globalization/modernization/localization/urbanization4evidence:证据【法律】证词,证据:法庭上作为证据的文件或口头形式的陈述和实物e.g.Thereisnoevidence
11、thathehaskilledhisboss.美国怀疑伊拉克有WMD,最后报告说.ThereisnoevidencethatIraqhaspossessedWeaponsofMassDestruction.辩论的时候:“Ibetyouhavemadeaterriblemistake.”“Showmeyourevidence.”evidentadj.显然的,明白的self-evident不言自明的Truthsareself-evident.真理是不言自明的课外选读:课外选读:独立宣言独立宣言theDeclarationofIndependence1776“Weholdthesetruthstob
12、eself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowed(自然地赋予自然地赋予)bytheirCreatorwithcertaininalienable(不可剥夺不可剥夺)rights,thatamongtheseareLife,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness.”词根:vid,vis=see表示“看”evidentadj.明显的(e出+vid+ent看出来了明显的)词汇扩充:明显的词汇扩充:明显的obvious,apparent,distinctevidencen证据,证人(e+vid+ence-明显的
13、证据)evidence,proof,testimonyvisitv.拜访visionn视力,眼界visiblea可见的,invisibleadj.不可见visuala视力的visualpollution视觉污染visualizev使具体化(visual视力+ize使大家看到具体化)advisev忠告,劝告(ad使+vis+e使别人看到劝告别人)revisev修正,改订(re再+vis+e再看一遍修正)revisionn修正,校订本supervisev监督(super在上面+vis+e在上面看监督)supervisorn.监督者,主管ExerciseThereisalready_cleartos
14、howthatplantsandanimalsarebeingaffectedbyclimatechange.A)witnessB)certificationC)identityD)evidence5motivation:动机,激励词根:mot=movemotivatev.激励Agoodmanagershouldmotivatehispeopletoachievethesettarget.motivation:动机Thestrongerthemotivation,themorequicklyapersonwilllearnaforeignlanguage.一个人学外语的内在要求越高,那么他就学
15、得越快。motiven.动机(更强调目的)motionn.运动谋杀动机Whatishismotiveformurder?Theballisinmotion.小球处于运动状态。promotev.pro(向前运动)推动,促进,升迁promotion选记demote(向下运动)使降级Hewasdemotedfromtheemperortoacivilian.末代皇帝溥仪末代皇帝溥仪remoteadj.re向后运动离你越来越远遥远emotionn.e向外运动由内向外流出的情感情感,感情是一种由内而外的流露commotionn.表示喧闹,骚动,暴乱com共同一群人一起运动骚动6preferencespr
16、efer:prefertodosthprefertodoratherthandopreferAtoB词根fer=takeprefer=pre(之前)+fer(take)“宁愿,更喜欢”,例:Ipreferdogstocats.相对猫而言,我更喜欢狗。(即狗排在猫的前面)preference“喜好”例:Ihaveapreferencefordocumentary.我对纪录片有偏好。例:Idontknowyourpreference,sopleasehelpyourself.我不知道你喜欢什么,请你自便。preferable“更可取的”其本身就是有比较意义的形容词,因此没有比较其本身就是有比较意义
17、的形容词,因此没有比较级级例:Adarksuitispreferabletoalightoneforeveningwear.对于晚装,深色西服比浅色西服更可取。例:Coffeeispreferabletotea,Ithink.我认为咖啡比茶更好。conferV.=con(together)+fer(take)(一起拿起来讨论)“商讨,商谈”例:Thepresidentconferredwithhisconsultantsbeforeannouncingthedecision.总统在宣布决定之前会与顾问商讨。其名词为conference“会议”forum例:世界财富论坛FortuneGlobal
18、Forumdifferdif表示分开1.(from)“与不同”,例:Idifferfromyouincharacter.我与你在性格方面非常不同。2.(with)“与意见不同”,例:Idifferwithyouonthesubject.对于这件事我与你的意见不同。difference“不同”,different“不同的”refer动词“参考,查阅”re表示againrefer表示不断地拿,不断地看如refertoadictionary查字典其名词为reference“参考”如referencebooks参考书referee“裁判”(ee表示动作的承受者,refer的对象,遇到争议要去征求裁判的
19、意见)相关:相关:employ动词“雇佣”,employee名词“雇员”infer推断=in+fer(take)从里面拿出来的观点例:Iinferredfromhiswordsthathewantedustoleave.从他的话当中我们推断出他是想让我们离开。transfer=trans(across)+fer(take)动词“调动”如transfertoanotherteam调到另一个队伍前缀:前缀:transtransporttransformtransformer变形金刚transplantExerciseThefindingspaintauniquepictureoftheshoppi
20、nghabitsofcustomers,plustheirmotivationand_.A)privilegesB)possibilitiesC)possessionsD)preferences7illegal非法的前缀:il,ir通常放在l,r开头的形容词通常表示否定前缀irrational不合理的(ir+rational合理的)e.g.irrationalarguments/behavior不合理的论据/荒谬的言行irregular不规则的(ir+regular规则的)irresistible不可抗拒的(ir+resistible可抗拒的)e.g.irresistiblebeautyirr
21、esistibleimpulse不可遏抑的冲动e.g.Ihadanirresistibleimpulsetocry.=Icouldnthelpdoingsthirreplaceable不可替代的e.g.AirreplaceablepersoninthecompanyCEO.词汇延伸:peon/smallpotatobigpotato/bigshot/bigbug/biggieirrelevantadj.Hisremarksareirrelevanttoourtopic.illegal非法的(il+legal合法的)illegaldrugs/illegaldeals非法毒品/交易illitera
22、te不识字的(il+literate认字的)literature文学illogical不合逻辑的(il+logical逻辑的)ExerciseIntheU.S.88percentofsmokershadstartedbeforetheywere18,despitethefactthatitis_tosellcigarettestoanyoneunderthatage.A)liableB)liberalC)irrationalD)illegal8memorableadj.值得记忆的词根:memo-表示记忆memorableadj值得记忆的难忘的=unforgettablememoryn.memo
23、备忘录memorialn.纪念馆memoratev.纪念Thismonumentcommemoratesourvictory.这座碑是纪念我们胜利的。Exercise1Accordingtothekeywitnesses,apeculiarlybignoseisthecriminalsmostmemorablefacial_.A)featureB)hintC)spotD)signatureExercise2F.W.Woolworthwasthefirstbusinessmantoerectatrueskyscraperto_himself,andin1929,A1Smith,aformergo
24、vernorofNewYork,soughttooutreachhim.A)portrayB)proclaimC)exaggerateD)commemorate9.interrupt:前缀:inter在中间inter在之间,相互interactionn.相互作用/互动chemicalinteraction化学相互作用internationalinterpersonalinterpersonalrelationships人与人之间的关系interrelatev.相互关联intervenev.vene-走走在两者之间干涉interchangev.相互交换interchangegifts互赠礼物in
25、terchangeableadj.taxiandcabareinterchangeable词根:rupt=breakinterrupt=inter+rupt两个相互联系的事件被断开1.“打扰”-强调中断别人例:DontinterruptmewhileImbusy.在我忙的时候千万不要打扰我。bother跟brother兄弟很像例:Sorrytobotheryou.很抱歉打扰你了。Excuseme.是打扰别人之前说Sorrytobotheryou.是打扰人之后说表示“打扰,干扰”的单词是disturb,它还有一个含义是“使不安”,如:apieceofdisturbingnews.一条使人不安消息
26、。2.“暂时中断”例:TradebetweenthetwocountrieswasinterruptedbytheWorldWarTwo.由于二战,两国的贸易中断了。下面看看下面看看A/B/C/D/E打头的打头的rupt同根词:同根词:abrupt,词根,词根rupt=break什么叫break?abruptdeath/change/departure突然死亡/改变/离开abruptmanner鲁莽的言行bankrupt1.“破产的”bank表古代商人的钱袋例:Thecompanywentbankruptduringtheeconomiccrisis.这家公司在经济危机时破产了。2.“使破产”
27、例:Theinvestmentinthesecuritiesbankruptedhim.在证券业的投资,使他彻底破产了。vest背心invest把背心都投进去,“投资”securities1.“证券”,secure形容词表“安全的”,动词表“经过艰苦努力而得到”例:Theyhavemanagedtosecuretheloanfromthebank.他们终于从银行里得到了贷款。2.保障,保证,抵押品如:socialsecurity社会保障corrupt=cor+rupt1.“贪污的,腐败的”一个人贪,贪不起来,永远都是官官相护,一定是大家一起来贪污腐败,所以是cor+rupt,一起贪污之后便自身
28、毁灭。如:corruptofficials贪污腐败的官员2.“使贪污,腐败,败坏”例:ThepornographyspreadbytheInternethascorruptedthemindsoftheyoungpeople.由网络传播的色情腐蚀着年轻人的思想。构词法:词根con当后面的词根首字母为辅音字母时,n变成此辅音字母如:collaborate=col+labor+ate大家一起劳动“合作”cooperation=co+operation一起操作便是“合作”disrupt=dis(away)+rupt使分裂,使瓦解,使陷于混乱,破坏它不止有中断打扰的意思,还有被破坏且在短期内不能它不止
29、有中断打扰的意思,还有被破坏且在短期内不能恢复的含义。恢复的含义。比如:2008年的我国南方的雪灾使得铁路和航空运输一度中断例:ThesnowstormhasdisruptedtherailwayandairlineservicesinsouthernregionofChina.disrupt名词为disruption例:Thesnowstormhascausedthedisruptionoftransportationsystem.erupt=e(out)+rupt1.“火山喷发”2.“(战争危机)突然爆发”例:Violenceeruptedafterthenegotiation.谈判后爆发
30、了暴力冲突。rupture1.“破裂”如:theruptureofthebloodvessel血管破裂2.有比喻意如:theruptureofthefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries两国友好关系的破裂10.Objectv.反对ject词根:ject=throwobjectv.ob(反)+ject(扔)=反着扔反对Objection!Objectionoverruled!Objectionsustained!subject(sub-在之下,ject投;“投于某种管辖之下”-)使服从,使隶属,支配,统治;besubjected/subjectto受制于,
31、受支配subject也可作形容词例如:Everyoneissubjectedtothelaws.Inancienttimes,humanbeingsweresubjecttonature.rejectv.向后抛回去拒绝projectv.向前抛投射projectorn.幻灯机,放映机injectv.注射injectorn.注射器ejectv.向外喷射thefireejectedflamesExerciseBrazilsconstitution_themilitaryuseofnuclearenergy.A)withdrawsB)forbidsC)interruptsD)objects11.dis
32、tinguishv.区分distinguishAfromB词根stingstinctstin表示“刺”、“刺激”distinctadj.dis-=分开/away把刺区分开不同的distinguishv.区别开distinguishedadj.著名的,卓越的(区别于一般人的)stingv./n.刺“死叮”Igotstungbyabee.stingyadj.小气的(像刺一样小的心胸)stimulatev.刺激,鼓励extinguishv.灭火把刺激(火)拿出去extinguisher灭火器extinctv.来自extinguish生命之火熄灭了灭绝了instinctn.内在的刺激本能Exercis
33、eManypersonnelmanagerssayitisgettingharderandharderto_honestapplicantsfromthegrowingnumberofdishonestones.A)distinguishB)disguiseC)dissolveD)discount12.dissolvedis-分开,solve解决分散开来解决1.使溶解:tocausetopassintosolutiondissolvesalt/sugarinwater.使盐/糖溶解于水中就得到了solution溶液Saltdissolvesinwater.盐溶于水。血溶于水。2.解散disso
34、lveparliamentandcallfornewelections解散议会,要求重新选举。solve动词“解决,解答”如solveariddle解答一个谜语soluble“可溶的”例:Sugarissolubleinwater.solution名词1.“解答,解决办法”Wegottafindasolutiontotheproblem.2.“溶解,溶液”resolve反复地解决问题,表示一种坚定的“决心,决定”=firmlydecidetodo比如:Inordertogainfortune,sheresolvestomarrytheUglyFatOldguy.(PS:UFO是个又丑又肥的老男
35、人)resolution名词1.“坚决,决心”NewYearsResolutionmakearesolutiontogetupearlyinthemorning例:Hisencouragementandsupportstrengthenedourresolution.他的鼓励和支持加强了我们的决心。2.“决定,决议”例:Allthoseinfavoroftheresolutionshouldraisetheirhands.所有那些支持这个决议的人举手。13.potentialpotentialcustomerpotentialemployerpotentialmarketYouhavegreatpotential.Iwillhelpyouachieveyourfullpotential.词根:poten=powerful,表示“有力的”potentarguments有说服力的证据potentdrug很有效的药potentialn.潜力(由“能力”引申为“潜力”)impotentadj.无力的,无能力的im无+potentomnipotentadj.omni全部+potent全能的,无所不能的全能的如:theOmnipotentGod万能的上帝钱不是万能的,没钱是万万不能。Moneyisnotomnipotent,butwithoutmoneyyouareimpotent.
限制150内