中考英语语法归纳：动词 常见介词的搭配.docx

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1、初中英语语法归纳：动词+常见介词的搭配一、动词+介词on”的常见搭配act on upon照行事；对起作用；按照行动The medicine acted on his fever at once.这药立刻使他退了烧。The police are acting on information received.警察正根据得到的情报采取行动。agree on upon同意；达成协议He agreed on helping us.他同意帮助我们。Both sides agreed on these terms.双方都同意这些条件。Can we agree on a price (a date)?我们能

2、不能商定一个价格（日期）?blame on把归咎于（某人）He blamed his failure on his teacher.他把他的失败归咎于老师。They blamed the accident on me.他们把事故归咎于我。call on upon拜访，看望I called on Mr Green.我拜访了格林先生。I shall call on him tomorrow.我明天要去看望他。concentrate on upon聚精会神，全神贯注She couldnt concentrate on a book very long.她不能长时间聚精会神地读书。He concent

3、rated himself upon his work.他全神贯注干他的工作。congratulate on因而祝贺；因庆幸I congratulated him on passing his driving test.我祝贺他驾驶考试及格。She congratulated herself on her narrow escape.她为她的九死一生自我庆幸。count on upon指望，依赖Can I count on your help?我能仰仗你的协助吗？You cant count on Tom being punctual.你不要指望汤姆会守时。dawn on渐渐被理解，渐渐（使人

4、）明白It dawned on me that Joanna had been right all along.我慢慢明白，原来乔安娜一直是对的。After the hint she gave, it dawned on me that she was expecting a present.经她一暗示，我恍然大悟，原来她是在盼着一件礼物。decide on upon对作出决定，选定She decided on the red shoes.她决定要买那双红鞋。They decided upon adjourning the session.他们决定休会。depend on upon依靠You

5、cannot depend on your parents forever.你不能永远依靠你的父母。Our organization depends on donations from the public.我们的机构依靠公众的捐助。experiment on对（用）进行实验（做实验）He experimented on rats.他用老鼠做实验。Many people disapprove of scientists who experiment on animals.许多人不赞成科学家在动物身上做实验。feed () on用喂养，以为主食He often feeds a dog on me

6、at.他常用肉喂狗。Cows feed on hay during the winter.牛在冬天吃干草。get on登上；应付；过日子The bus came and we got on.公共汽车来了，我们就上了车。I am afraid I didnt get on very well in the exam.我这次考试恐怕不太顺利。hit on upon忽然想到，想出She hit on a marvelous idea.她忽然想到一个妙主意。At last we hit upon a way of dealing with this problem.最终我们想出了一个办法来解决这一问题

7、。improve on upon对作出改进，比更好I am unable to improve on his suggestion.我提不出比他更好的建议了。I think the film improved upon the book.依我看，这部电影比原著好一点。knock at on敲（门、窗）Someone is knocking at the window.有人在敲窗。New graduates from high schools and colleges start knocking on employers doors.刚从大中学校毕业的学生开始寻找就业门路。lean on靠在；

8、对施加压力；依靠She had to stop and lean on the gate.她不得不停下来，靠在大门上歇歇。They lean on each other for support.他们相互依靠，相互支持。If we lean on them, were bound to get something.如果我们对他们施加压力，一定能得到点什么。live on upon靠为生，依靠生活She still lives on her parents.她仍靠父母生活。The family lived upon a small income.这家人靠少量收入过活。rely on upon依靠，

9、指望She cannot be relied on to tell the truth.别指望她能说真话。Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.现今我们越来越依靠计算机协助工作。rest on upon基于，（目光）落在上The whole theory rests on a very simple idea.整个理论基于一个很简单的概念。His eyes rested upon the new sofa.他的双眼凝视着那张新沙发。sit on丢下不管，积压：Dont sit on letters requesting our

10、help.不要积压向我们求助的信函。They have been sitting on my application for weeks.他们把我的申请搁置了好几个星期。work on对有影响；从事，致力于Will it work on human beings?这将对人有影响吗？He is working on a new novel.他正在写一部新小说。二、“动词+介词to”的常见搭配add () to增加，给增加（添加）This adds to our difficulties.这增加了我们的困难。He added the wood to the fire.他给火添加木柴。It adds

11、 to my pleasure to see you here today.今天在这里见到你我格外高兴。admit to承认He admitted to the murder.他供认了谋杀罪。He admitted to having taken the money.他承认拿了那笔钱。【注】有时可省略其中的介词to。如：He admitted (to) opening my letter.他承认拆过我的信。agree to同意He agreed to the plan (the date).他同意了这个计划（日期）。We agreed to their arrangement.我们同意了他们的

12、安排。I was forced to agree to it, but at heart I didnt quite agree with it.我被迫答应，但内心并不完全同意。amount to等于，共计，共达The cost amounted to $500.费用共达500美元。His remarks amounted to criticism of me.他的话等于是批评我。This amounts to cheating her.这等于是欺骗她。apologize to向道歉Apologize to your sister.去给你姐姐赔个不是。Ive come to apologize

13、 to you.我来向你道歉。apply to向申请（请求）；适合于；运用到He applied to them for help.他向他们求助。What you said doesnt apply to me.你说的不适合我。You cant apply this rule to every case.你不能将这条规则运用到所有的情况。compare to把比作Life is compared to voyage.人生好比航海。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。devote to把奉献给，致力于He devoted h

14、imself entirely to music.他把自己完全献给音乐。He devoted his life to promoting world peace.他一生致力于促进世界和平。lead () to通往；把领往All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马。The girl led her little brother to school.那个女孩领小弟弟去上学。Chance led him to London.偶然的机会使他来到了伦敦。limit to把限制在（到）Try to limit your talk to ten minutes.请尽量把话在10分钟内讲完。

15、I shall limit myself to three aspects of the subject.我仅探讨这一问题的三个方面。You ought to limit your activities to recording the facts.你的活动应限制在记录事实的范围内。listen to听，听信They refused to listen to the old mans counsel.他们不听老人的劝告。He would rather listen to others than talk himself.他宁愿听别人谈而不愿自己谈。object to反对，不喜欢He objec

16、ts to being treated like a child.他讨厌被当成小孩子看待。Some members of the committee objected to our proposal.有些委员反对我们的提案。occur to想到，想起An idea has occurred to me.我有主意了。It never occurred to her to ask anyone.她从未想到问问他人。owe to把归（功）于；欠I owe my life to you.全亏你我才能活下来。She owes her success to hard work.她把成功归因于辛勤工作。Pa

17、m still owes 5 dollars to me.帕姆还欠我5美元。I owe an apology to him.我应该向他道歉。prefer to喜欢胜过，喜欢而不喜欢I prefer tea to coffee.我喜欢茶胜过咖啡。He prefers watching football to playing it.他喜欢看足球胜过玩足球。present to赠送给；向引见They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.他们向学院赠送了一笔款项以纪念他们的儿子。May I present my

18、new assistant to you?请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。propose to向求婚Weve been going out for a long time but he still hasnt proposed to me.我们已经交往了好一段时间，但他还没有向我求婚。refer () to查阅，查看，参考；提及，提到；有关，针对，适用于；将提交给某人或机构；归因于，归功于The speaker often referred to his notes.演讲者常看他的笔记。The writer referred to his unhappy childhood in his book

19、.作者在他的书中提到他悲伤的童年。The new law doesnt refer to land used for farming.新法律不适用于农田。She referred the matter to the European court of Justice.她把这个问题提交给欧洲法院。He referred his success to the good education he had had.他认为自己的成功是由于受过良好的教育。relate to涉及，关系到；同有关；与处得好（相适应）；理解；向叙述These proposals relate only to agricultu

20、ral land.这些建议仅与农业用地有关。The cost relates directly to the amount of time spent on the job.成本与这项工作所费的时间直接有关。Mother will never relate to the city life.妈妈总也适应不了城市生活。She doesnt relate very well to her mother.她和她母亲关系不太融洽。Some adults cant relate to children.有些成年人不理解儿童的想法。He related to his wife some amusing s

21、tories about his employer.他向妻子叙述有关他雇主的一些趣事。reply to回答，作答；还击She has never replied to my letter.她不曾回我的信。The enemy replied to our fire.敌人向我方还击。see to负责，照料；准备Will you see to the plants while Im away?我不在的时候请你帮我照料这些植物好吗？Can you see to the sandwiches for the meeting, please?你为会议准备三明治好吗？stick to粘贴在上；信守，遵守；紧

22、跟；坚持，不改变The young rider stuck to the back of the terrified horse.年轻的骑手紧贴在那匹受惊马的背上。He was a man who stuck t his friends.他是一个忠于朋友的人。Stick to me and you wont get lost.紧跟我你就不会迷路了。I think we should stick to our original plan.我想我们应该坚持最初的计划。三、“动词+at”的常见搭配be angry at对生气I was rather angry at what he said.我对他

23、说的话相当生气。She was angry at finding that nothing had been done.发现什么也没办成她很生气。be bad at不擅长，对很差Im bad at maths.我数学学得很差。He is bad at playing tennis.他网球打得不好。be clever at善于，对擅长Hes clever at English.他擅长英语。She is clever at making excuses.她善于找借口。be delighted at对感到高兴（满意）I am delighted at the result.我对这结果感到满意。Im

24、delighted at your success.我对你的成功感到很高兴。be disappointed at对感到失望He was disappointed at the result.他对这样的结果感到失望。She was very disappointed at losing the race.比赛输了，她很沮丧。He was disappointed at not getting the job, but hell get over it.他因没有得到那份工作而大失所望，不过他能想得开。【注】disappointed后可接多个介词，其区别大致为：表示对某人感到失望，一般用介词with

25、或in；表示对某一行为感到失望，一般用介词at或about；表示对某一事实或情况感到失望，一般用介词with, at或in。be good at对擅长This cat is good at catching rats.这只猫很会捉老鼠。Hes not very good at getting his ideas across.他不善于表达思想。be mad at对生气（恼火）He is mad at losing all his money.他因丢失了所有的钱而气得要命。She was mad at his insincere smile.她对他的虚假微笑很生气。be quick at在方面快，很容易He is quick at taking offense.他容易生气。She is quicker at figures than I.她在计数方面比我要快。be slow at对理解慢（反应迟钝）He is slow at arithmetic.他计算不灵敏。He is very slow at his work.他干活很慢。学科网（北京）股份有限公司