(精品)虚拟语气.ppt

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1、Revision1.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法2.wish引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气中的虚拟语气3.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气1.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法条件从句条件从句从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句主句谓语形式谓语形式与现在现在事实相反与过去过去事实相反与将来事实相反1.动词过去式动词过去式(或或were)should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形had+过去分词过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词过去分词sh

2、ould/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形1.should+动词原形动词原形2.动词过去式动词过去式3.wereto+动词原形动词原形2.wish引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气中的虚拟语气与与现在现在事实相反事实相反与与过去过去事实相反事实相反与与将来将来事实相反事实相反过去时（过去时（were）had+过去分词过去分词would/could/might+动词原形动词原形Hewishedhe_insuchaffairs.(involve)IwishI_abird.(be)hadneverbeeninvolvedwere3.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气

3、建议的虚拟语气一个坚持一个坚持_两个命令两个命令_三个建议三个建议_四个要求四个要求_这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用从句中的动词使用should+动词原形动词原形,或者将或者将should省略。省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposeprpuzdemand,require,request,desire

4、虚拟语气虚拟语气(二二)theSubjunctiveMood在在suggestion，proposalprpuzl，order，plan，idea，advice，decision等需要有内涵的名词后面等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用动词应用should原形动词。另外原形动词。另外连接从句的连接从句的that不能不能省略省略。例：。例：Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）gothereatonce.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattend

5、theconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.一、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气一、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气Itisstrangethat_.他他居然居然会这样说，真是奇怪。会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisagreatpitythat_.他他居然居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。会这样想，真是一件憾事。Itisnaturalthat_.鸟在树上安歇是很鸟在树上安歇是很自然自然的。的。Itisnecessarythat_.有必要立即派他去北京。有必要立即派他去北京。二、二、Itsnecessary/strange/n

6、atural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+thatClause从句中的动词要用虚拟从句中的动词要用虚拟,即即(should)+动词原形动词原形he(should)saysohe(should)thinksoabird(should)restintreeshebesenttoBeijingrightaway三、在三、在Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/etc.结构中要使用虚拟语气。如：结构中要使用虚拟语气。如：Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Itisordere

7、dthatallthetroops(should)withdrawthreemilesaway.根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。Itisarrangedthathe_.照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。Itissuggestedthat_.有人建议，英语晚会周六举行。有人建议，英语晚会周六举行。leaveforCanadaonFridaytheEnglisheveningbeheldonSaturdayIwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain.Iwouldrather_.我宁愿他们我宁愿他们明天明天来。来。T

8、hemanagerwouldratherthathissecretary_.经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。四、四、wouldrather后的宾语从句后的宾语从句wouldratherthat与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 过去时过去时与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 过去完成时过去完成时与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 过去时过去时theycametomorrowwenttothemeetinginsteadofhim以以asif、asthough（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从，（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从，如果表示如果表示真实情况真实情况应该用应该用直陈语气直陈语气；如

9、果表示；如果表示非真实情非真实情况况则应该用则应该用虚拟语气虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。如：宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。如：Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhewasaman.Heactedasusualasthoughnothinghadhappened.Theboyacted_hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since 五、五、asif，asthough引导的从句引导的从句六、由六、由ifonly（要是（要是

10、，那该多好啊！）引导，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。的惊叹句。IfonlyIhadpassedthetest！Ifonlyitstoppedraining！比较比较ifonly与与onlyifonlyif表示表示只有只有；ifonly则表示则表示如果如果就好了就好了。Iwakeup_thealarmclockrings.只有只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。闹钟响了，我才会醒。_thealarmclockhadrung.要是要是闹钟响了，就好了。闹钟响了，就好了。onlyifIfonly Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要后面的从句谓语动词要用过去用过去式式或用或用should加动词

11、原形加动词原形，但，但should不可省略。不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.Itishightimethat_.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。该是我们吃午饭的时候了。Itistimethat_.该是他作出决定的时候了。该是他作出决定的时候了。七、七、Itis(highabout)timethat wehadourlunchhemadeuphismind八、虚拟语气的其它用法八、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿

12、望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：Mayyoubelucky！LonglivethepeopleofChina！Godsaveme.Multiplechoices1.Itwasurgent:dnt紧急的紧急的thathe_herimmediately.A.callsB.calledC.callD.wouldcall2.Itshightimethatsomething_toprohibitsellingfakecommodities商品商品.A.mustbedoneB.wasdoneC.bedoneD.weredone3.There

13、wasatrafficjam;otherwiseI_hereontime.A.wouldbeB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldhavebeen4.Ididntgototheparty,butIdowishI_there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went5.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven6.Itisstrangethatsuchathing_inyoursch

14、ool.A.willhappenB.happensC.shouldhappenD.happened7.Idratheryou_rightaway.A.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.toleave8.Itisrequiredthatyou_atsix.A.willarriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.wouldarrive9.IfonlyI_howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybo

15、dy_(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe_(be)seriouslyillandthat_(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent3.Hesuggestedthatwe_(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe_(be)ill.havewas6.without和和butfor构成虚拟。构成虚拟。butfor要不是要不是Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnth

16、avefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.ExercisesI1.You_tothemeetingyesterday.Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence?A.hadcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecome D.shouldhavecome2.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_.”A.hadB.did C.haveD.will3.H

17、ereissomemoneyincaseyou_it.A.needsB.needC.neededD.willneed4.Hedemandedthattheclassroom_atonce.A.shouldclean B.cleanC.shouldhavebeencleanedD.becleaned5.Butforyourcarelessness,we_.A.shouldhavesucceededB.hadsucceededC.wouldhavesucceededD.succeeded6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.br

18、eaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Janesfacesuggestedthatshe_ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has8.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen9.IwishI_themeetinglastweek.A.couldattendB

19、.attendedC.haveattendedD.couldhaveattended10.Mysuggestionisthatwe_thesportsmet.A.wouldputoffB.shouldputoffC.puttedoffD.beputoff11.Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_cleaner.A.shouldbemadeB.ismadeC.wouldbemadeD.wasmade12.Dontcomethisafternoon.Idratheryou_tomorrow.A.comeB.tocomeC.cameD.willcome13.Theol

20、dprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment_before6.A.wasfinishedB.willfinishC.befinishedD.shallbefinishedII.根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。完整。1.HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes,I_(都不会相信的都不会相信的).2.IfIshouldbefreetomorrow,I_(会和你一起去会和你一起去).3.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you_(现在一切都好了现在一切都好了).wouldbeallrightnowwou

21、ldnthavebelieveditwouldgowithyou4.HadMarkbeenincharge,it_(就不会发生就不会发生了了).5.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe_(已经离开了好多年已经离开了好多年).hadbeenawayformanyyearswouldnthavehappenedIII.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.IfI_(know)moreaboutgivingfirstaid,I_(help)themwhentheaccidenthappened.2.IfI_(be)aman,I_(run)

22、forpresident.3.Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthesidedoor?No,ifhe_(have),he_(notbreak)thewindowofthelivingroom.hadknowncouldhavehelpedwerewouldrunhadhadwouldnthavebroken4.Iwouldratheryou_(stay)athomelastnight.5.Iwishthattherain_(stop)immediately.6.Theytalkedasifthey_(be)goodfriendsformanyyears.hadbeenhadstayedwouldstopHomework1.FinishexercisesofDiscoveringusefulstructures.2.PreviewUsingLanguage.Byebye!