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1、介词介词1.1.介词(介词(prepositionpreposition)是用于名词、代词或)是用于名词、代词或相当于名词的结构之前,表示词语之间意义关相当于名词的结构之前,表示词语之间意义关系的词,介词又称前置词,它是一种虚词,不系的词,介词又称前置词,它是一种虚词,不能在句中单独承担成分。能在句中单独承担成分。2.2.按照词义,介词可分为表地点、表时间、表按照词义,介词可分为表地点、表时间、表除去、表比较、表反对、表原因、表目的、表除去、表比较、表反对、表原因、表目的、表结果、表手段、表方式、表所属等。结果、表手段、表方式、表所属等。3.3.要求掌握的介词主要是要求掌握的介词主要是 in、
2、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before 等十几个。等十几个。1.在树上在树上 in the tree/在同一个班在同一个班 in the same class/在北京在北京 in Beijing2.在世界上在世界上 in the world/在河里在河里 in the river/在城市在城市 in a city3.在阳光下在阳光下 in the sun/在北方在北方 in the north/in China 在中国在中国4.在第五中学在第五中学 in No.5 Middle School5.在在的前部的前部 in the front of
3、在在前面前面 in front of 6.在在中间中间/(内部)角落(内部)角落 in the middle/corner of7.固定用法:住院固定用法:住院 in hospital/在露天在露天 in the open air/躺着看书躺着看书read in bed8.站成行站成行 stand in line/处于危险中处于危险中 in danger/处于麻烦中处于麻烦中 in trouble/惊奇地惊奇地 in surprise9.用英语用英语 in English/穿红色的穿红色的 in red/以以方式方式 in way of表示大地方,表示空间、地域或者物体内部应用表示大地方,表示
4、空间、地域或者物体内部应用in,或表,或表示在示在范围之内。范围之内。inonunderWhere is Tom?1.在在的尽头的尽头 at the end of/在大门口在大门口 at the gate/在第二在第二个十字路口个十字路口 at the second crossing2.在公共汽车站在公共汽车站 at the bus stop/在校读书在校读书 at school/在家在家 at home3.在医院诊所在医院诊所 at the doctors/在在头部头部/脚下脚下 at the head/foot of4.at the station/airport/zoo/post off
5、ice5.at the front door/at the cinema/supermarket/meeting/party/the crossroad6.固定用法:固定用法:stay at home/at work/at table 在吃饭在吃饭表示较小的地方,表示空间的某一点,出入口等,选表示较小的地方,表示空间的某一点,出入口等,选at 1.在墙上在墙上 on the wall/在在的另一边的另一边 on the other side of/在左边在左边/右边右边 on the left/right2.在左在左/有手边有手边on the left/right hand side/在火车上
6、在火车上 on the train3.在电视在电视/收音机收音机/电话电话/网上网上 on TV/the radio/the telephone/the Internet4.固定用法:访问固定用法:访问 on a visit to /展览展览 on show5.在去在去的路上的路上 on the way to 6.on my head/nose 表示附着在表面上,覆盖等,表示接触的面上、边上、线上,表示附着在表面上,覆盖等,表示接触的面上、边上、线上,用用on。比较:比较:a hole in the floor/wall There are many apples on the tree.Th
7、ere are many birds in the tree.LucyLilyMarySunnyKittybetweennext toTommyin front ofbehind 几组表示位置关系的介词比较几组表示位置关系的介词比较 D典型例题:典型例题:1.Japan is in the east of Asia.2.Japan is to the east of China.3.Korea is on the northeast of China.巩固练习:巩固练习:1.B is in the east of A.2.D is to the east of A.3.C is on the
8、east of A.CBADnortheastsouthwest 0fffall/jump off the treein the treeon the treeonaboveoverbelowunderbeneathabove,on 和和 over 都有都有“在在之上之上”的意思,的意思,on表示接触早表面上,如表示接触早表面上,如a book on the desk;above 和和 over 表示表示“位于某物上方位于某物上方”或或“高于高于”,不接触表面。,不接触表面。Over指在垂直的上方,指在垂直的上方,而而above通常指不垂直的上方。通常指不垂直的上方。5.across&thro
9、ughthroughacrossacross(across(从表面穿过从表面穿过)/through)/through(从内部穿过)(从内部穿过)1.Taiwan is one of the provinces of China and it is _of China.A.in the northeast B.in the southeast C.to the east D.to the south2.China lies_the east of Asia and _the north of Australia.A.to;to B.in;to C.to;in D.in;onBB3.Before
10、1990 there was no airline_the 3.Before 1990 there was no airline_the two cities.two cities.A.along B.in C.between D.amongA.along B.in C.between D.among 4.The food _my country is quite different4.The food _my country is quite different _that here._that here.A.in;like B.to;from C.from;to A.in;like B.t
11、o;from C.from;to D.in;from D.in;from5.Theres a map_the world _ the wall.5.Theres a map_the world _ the wall.CD6.There are many apples_the tree.A bird _the tree is picking an apple.A.in;on B.on;in C.in;at D.to;of 7.The Young Pioneers walked _the gates with Uncle Wang.A.through B.across C.over D.after
12、 BA8.When the bell rang for class,all the students went_the classroom.Our teacher came _his office and threw his book _ the teachers desk angrily.A.in;out of;on B.into;from;on C.into;from;onto D.in;out of;onto9.She has several friends here but she talks little _them.A.between B.among C.on D.duringCB
13、1.at(1.at(在在小地方小地方)/in)/in(在(在大地方)大地方)/on on(在(在表面之上)表面之上)2.between and (2.between and (两者两者)among()among(三者以上三者以上)3.in3.in(范围内)(范围内)/to/to(范围外)(范围外)/on/on(相邻)(相邻)4.above4.above(之上,高于)(之上,高于)/over/over(垂直上方)(垂直上方)/on /on 在在上面上面 5.by5.by就在旁边就在旁边/beside/beside 近旁紧靠近旁紧靠=next to /near=next to /near 附近附近 6.across(6.across(从表面穿过从表面穿过)/through)/through(从内部穿过)(从内部穿过)7.in/into(7.in/into(强调运动变化强调运动变化)on/onto)on/onto(表示位置改变)(表示位置改变)Goodbye Class!Goodbye Class!
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