老年癌性不全肠梗阻中服用浓煎大承气汤的治疗效果,老年病论文.docx
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1、老年癌性不全肠梗阻中服用浓煎大承气汤的治疗效果,老年病论文摘 要: 目的:观察浓煎大承气汤在老年癌性不全肠梗阻中的应用效果。方式方法:将80例老年癌性不全肠梗阻患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予常规煎剂大承气汤200 mL保存灌肠,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予浓煎大承气汤50 mL保存灌肠,天天2次,连续治疗2周。比拟2组临床疗效及主要异常感觉和状态的改善时间、药物保存时间,观察腹部X线平片肠管气液平面、肠腔积气的变化,测定血清中降钙素原PCT、肿瘤坏死因子- TNF- 、白细胞介素-8 (IL-8)等炎症因子水平。结果:观察组总有效率为97.50%,对照组
2、为87.50%,2组比拟,差异无统计学意义P 0.05。治疗后观察组肛门排气时间、排便时间、腹痛消失时间、腹胀消失时间、肠鸣音恢复时间与对照组相比均明显缩短,药物保存时间明显延长P 0.05。治疗后观察组腹部X线平片改善优于对照组,其肠管气液平面消失、肠腔积气减少数均明显多于对照组P 0.05。治疗前,2组PCT、TNF- 、IL-8水平比拟,差异无统计学意义P 0.05。治疗后,2组PCT、TNF- 、IL-8水平较治疗前降低,且观察组PCT、TNF- 、IL-8水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义P 0.05。结论:浓煎大承气汤治疗老年癌性不全肠梗阻具有更好的临床效果,更利于改善患者的临床
3、异常感觉和状态,延长药物保存时间,促进胃肠功能的恢复,减轻机体炎症反响。 本文关键词语: 不全性肠梗阻; 肠癌; 大承气汤; 浓煎; 胃肠功能; 腹部X线平片; 炎症因子; Abstract: Objective:To observe the application effect of concentrated Dachengqi tang in senile patients with cancerrelated incomplete intestinal obstruction. Methods: A total of 80 cases of senile patients with ca
4、ncer-related incomplete intestinal obstruction were pided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method,40 cases in each group. Based on routine treatment,the control group was additionally given retention enema with200 mL of Dachengqi tang, and the obs
5、ervation group was additionally given retention enema with 50 mL of Dachengqi tang,twice a day for 2 weeks. The clinical effect,the improvement time of main symptoms and the drug retention time in the two groups were compared;the changes in gas-liquid plane of intestinal tube and intestinal pneumato
6、sis in abdominal X-ray plain film were observed; the levels of inflammatory factors including procalcitonin(PCT), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ) and interleukin-8(IL-8) in serum were measured. Results:The total effective rate was 97.50% in the observation group and 87.50% in the control group, there
7、 being no significance in the difference(P 0.05). After treatment, the anal exhaust time,the defecation time,the disappearance time of abdominal pain and abdominal distention and the recovery time of bowel sounds in the observation group were significantly shortened when compared with those in the c
8、ontrol group,and the drug retention time was significantly prolonged(P 0.05). After treatment,the improvement of abdominal X-ray plain film in the observation group was better than that in the control group,and the disappearance of gas-liquid plane of intestinal tube and the reduction of intestinal
9、pneumatosis were significantly more(P 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of levels of PCT, TNF- and IL-8 between the two groups(P 0.05). After treatment, the levels of PCT, TNF- and IL-8 in the two groups were decreased when compared with those
10、 before treatment, and the above levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, differences being significant(P 0.05). Conclusion: The concentrated Dachengqi tang has better clinical effect in the treatment of senile patients with cancer-related incomplete intestinal obs
11、truction,which is more conducive to improving the clinical symptoms of patients, prolonged the drug retention time, promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reducing the inflammatory response of the body. Keyword: Incomplete intestinal obstruction; Carcinoma; Dachengqi tang; Concentra
12、ted; Gastrointestinal function; Abdominal X-ray plain film; Inflammatory factors; 肠梗阻是常见的外科急腹症之一,指肠内容物由于各种原因不能正常运行、顺利通过肠道1。临床上肿瘤性肠梗阻多指结直肠癌导致的肠梗阻,因临床上肿瘤性小肠梗阻所见甚少,故而多指结直肠恶性肿瘤腹腔转移引起的肠道梗阻2。临床统计结果显示,约50%结肠梗阻患者因癌瘤引起,约有8%23%的肠道恶性肿瘤患者临床表现为不全或完全的肠梗阻3。当前,肠梗阻的治疗主要以西医常规治疗和手术治疗为主,并在这里基础上加以抗分泌药、止呕药及镇痛药等,此法可使肠腔的梗阻
13、于48 h内得到缓解,减缓肠管的缺血,减少结肠内容物,为手术治疗创造更佳的时间与条件4。临床研究以为,老年患者因本身体质虚弱等原因,往往无法接受手术治疗,多以保守治疗为先。中医以为,肠梗阻属于肠结范畴,正气缺乏、肠腑湿热内蕴是其主要的病机特点,急性期治疗提倡以 通 立法。大承气汤是(伤寒论中通里攻下的代表方剂,近年来多以保存灌肠、口服汤剂、肛滴法、灌胃等多种给药方式治疗恶性肠梗阻,且有确切疗效5。考虑到老年人肛门括约肌松弛,常规剂量的大承气汤灌肠后,保存时间不理想,进而影响药物疗效。本研究将大承气汤浓煎用于老年癌性肠梗阻患者,旨在探究一种新的针对老年患者的中药保存灌肠剂量,提高药物疗效,为老年
14、癌性肠梗阻的诊治提供参考,现报道如下。 1 、临床资料 1.1、 诊断标准 符合(晚期癌症患者合并肠梗阻治疗的专家共鸣6中有关肠癌癌性肠梗阻的相关标准。(1)患者存在已证实的肠癌恶性肿瘤病史;(2)有不同程度的肠梗阻异常感觉和状态;(3)伴有肛门停止排气排便、腹胀、进食减少、呕吐、恶心等异常感觉和状态;(4)腹部X线平片可见气液平面及肠腔扩张;(5)腹部查体见小肠、结肠均有胀气,腹膨隆、肠形、肠鸣音异常等相关体征,并结合CT、纤维结肠镜、病理组织学等检查确诊。 1.2 、辨证标准 参考(中医证候鉴别诊断学7中阳明腑实证的辨证标准:大便不通,腹部胀痛,拒按,口渴心烦,甚或潮热,神昏谵语,小便清长
15、,舌苔黄,脉滑数。 1.3 、纳入标准 (1)年龄 70岁的老年患者;(2)符合上述诊断与辨证标准;(3)有明确肿瘤病史,肠梗阻与肿瘤有直接相关性;(4)沟通无障碍,配合完成治疗及相关检查;(5)估计生存期大于6个月;(6)所有患者均知情同意。 1.4 、排除标准 (1)缺血性、绞窄性导致的肠梗阻患者;(2)有精神病患者;(3)存在药物禁忌证、依从性差者;(4)合并感染性结肠炎、克罗恩病、放射性肠炎等其他类型肠道疾病者;(5)酗酒、精神活性物质、药物滥用者和依靠者;(6)处于濒死期;(7)有严重的心、肺、肝、肾、脑等并发症或合并其他严重原发性疾病者;(8)正在参加其他临床试验的患者。 1.5、
16、脱落与剔除标准 (1)临床资料不全者;(2)自然脱落者;(3)不遵医嘱,使用药物达不到规定量的80%或超过规定量的120%者;(4)治疗未超过24 h死亡或出院者。 1.6、 一般资料 选取2021年1月 2021年5月杭州市肿瘤医院收治的肠癌癌性肠梗阻老年患者80例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组男26例,女14例;年龄7080岁,平均74.33 1.21岁;平均病程2.52 0.13)d;乙状结肠癌20例,结肠脾曲癌5例,降结肠癌15例;TNM分期:期15例,期25例;病理分型:浸润型29例,肿块型5例,溃疡型6例。观察组男27例,女13例;年龄7080岁,平均74.42
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