青海贫困农村小学生营养知识情况调查研究,营养学论文.docx
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1、青海贫困农村小学生营养知识情况调查研究,营养学论文摘 要: 目的 了解青海省某贫困县小学生营养知识知晓情况, 为贫困地区小学生营养改善及营养知识宣传教育提供基础数据。方式方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方式方法, 抽取青海省国家级贫困县乐都区3所小学的三六年级575名小学生。采用问卷调查的方式, 收集学生基本信息和营养知识相关信息。结果 学生各项营养知识知晓率为20. 4%91. 1%, 华而不实饮品的选择最高, 为91. 1%, 营养早餐的食物组成最低, 为20. 4%。小学生营养知识得分平均 (4. 85 2. 14) 分, 男女生营养知识得分差异无统计学意义 (t=2. 6 000, P 0.
2、 05) ;三五年级小学生, 随着年级的升高得分升高, 六年级则降低, 差异有统计学意义 (t=96. 1 381, P 0. 05) ;汉族小学生高于少数民族小学生, 差异有统计学意义 (t=10. 5 953, P 0. 05) ;县城小学高于乡镇小学和山区小学, 差异有统计学意义 (t=86. 3 078, P 0. 05) 。结论 青海省某贫困县小学生营养知识水平较低。应进行营养健康教育, 提高贫困县小学生的营养知识水平。 本文关键词语: 青海贫困农村; 营养知识; 小学生; Abstract: Objective To assess the mastery of nutrition
3、knowledge among primary school students in a poverty-stricken county in Qinghai Province, and to provide scientific basis for nutrition improvement and nutrition knowledge education for primary school students in poverty-stricken areas. Methods A random stratified clastering sampling method was empl
4、oyed to select 570 primary school students from 3 to 6 grades in 3 primary schools in Ledu District, a national poverty-stricken county in Qinghai Province. A self-designed questionnaire was conducted to collect the basic information about students and information about nutrition knowledge. Results
5、The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge among students was from 20. 4% to 91. 1%. Among them, the awareness rate of choice of drinks was the highest ( 91. 1%) , and the food composition of nutritious breakfast was the lowest ( 20. 4%) . The average score of nutrition knowledge among the students w
6、as ( 4. 85 2. 14) . The difference of scores of nutrition knowledge beyween male and female students was not statistically significant ( t = 2. 6 000, P 0. 05) . The scores of students in grades 3 5 increased with their grades, and decreased at grade 6. The difference was statistically significant (
7、 t = 96. 1 381, P 0. 05) . Scores of students in Han primary school were higher than that of students in minority primary schools. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 10. 5 953, P 0. 05) . Scores of students in county primary schools were higher than that of students in primary school
8、s in townships and mountainous areas. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 86. 3 078, P 0. 05) . Conclusion The knowledge of nutrition among primary school students in a poverty-stricken county in Qinghai Province is poor. Education of nutrition and health should be carried out to impr
9、ove the nutrition knowledge among primary school students in poverty-stricken counties. Keyword: Poverty-stricken rural areas in Qinghai; Nutrition knowledge; Primary school students; 儿童青少年的营养健康水平关系着整个民族的素质和国家的长远发展。充足的膳食营养和合理的膳食构造是一个国家居民身心健康、人力资源和社会经济发展的物质基础1。在这里阶段对他们进行营养健康宣传教育, 对引导其构成科学膳食构造和合理饮食行为具
10、有非常重要的作用2,3。为了解青海省贫困农村地区小学生营养知识状况, 为今后更好地开展营养教育提供基础数据, 笔者于2021年秋季开展此项调查, 结果分析如下。 1、 对象与方式方法 1.1、 对象 采用分层随机整群抽样方式方法, 于2021年秋季抽取青海省国家级贫困县乐都区开展调查。随机抽取3所小学, 县城小学、乡镇小学和山区小学各一所。每所学校按年级分层, 从三年级到六年级, 每个年级40人左右, 男、女生基本各半。少数民族包括藏族、土族和蒙族等。 1.2、 调查方式方法 1.2.1、 问卷调查 采用问卷调查的方式方法了解学生相关营养知识的水平。问卷由课题组设计, 经过专家论证和预实验。问
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