腹腔镜下再次手术治疗肝外胆道结石的总结,外科论文.docx
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1、腹腔镜下再次手术治疗肝外胆道结石的总结,外科论文摘 要: 目的 讨论腹腔镜下再次胆道手术治疗肝外胆道结石的临床经历体验及价值。方式方法 选取本院2020年1月至2022年9月收治的既往有胆道手术史的肝外胆管结石患者60例,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组30例。观察组采用腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术,对照组采用开腹胆总管探查取石术,观察比拟两组的手术时间、术中副损伤、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后住院时间、住院费用、术后3 d肝功能(白蛋白、总胆红素)及术后并发症发生情况(胆漏、切口感染)、结石残留率。结果 观察组28例腹腔镜再次手术成功,2例中转开腹,观察组在剔除2例中转开腹患者后,手术时间、术中
2、副损伤、住院费用、术后胆瘘发生率、结石残留率与对照组比拟差异无统计学意义。观察组术后肝功能、切口感染率、肠功能恢复、术后住院时间优于对照组(P 0.05)。结论 运用合理的腹腔镜下分离粘连的策略及技巧,腹腔镜应用于再次胆道手术治疗肝外胆管结石安全可行,比传统开腹手术具有较大微创优势,应作为肝外胆管结石再次手术的首选方式,值得临床推广应用。 本文关键词语: 腹腔镜; 胆道再次手术; 肝外胆管结石; Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical experience and value of laparoscopic surgery in the trea
3、tment of extrahepatic biliary stones.Methods A total of 60 patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones with a history of biliary tract surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 30 cases in each
4、group. Laparoscopic choledocholithotomy was used in the observation group, and laparotomy was used in the control group. The operation time, collateral injury,intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses, postoperative liver
5、 function(albumin, TB),postoperative complications(bile leakage, incision infection) and stone residual rate were observed and compared between the two groups. Results In the observation group, 28 patients underwent laparoscopic reoperation successfully, and 2 patients were transferred to laparotomy
6、. In the observation group, after removing 2 patients transferred to laparotomy, there was no statistically significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative collateral injury, hospital expenses, postoperative incidence of biliary fistula, and stone residual rate between the two groups. P
7、ostoperative liver function,incision infection rate, intestinal function recovery and postoperative hospitalization time in the observation group were better than that in the laparotomy group(P 0.05). Conclusion It is safe and feasible to apply laparoscopy in the treatment of extrahepatic cholangiol
8、ithiasis with reasonable strategies and techniques of separation of adhesions under laparoscopy. Compared with traditional laparotomy, laparoscopy has a greater minimally invasive advantage in the treatment of extrahepatic cholangiolithiasis. Therefore, it should be the first choice for the reoperat
9、ion of extrahepatic cholangiolithiasis, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application. Keyword: Laparoscope; Biliary tract reoperation; Extrahepatic bile duct stones; 胆道结石术后复发率高,往往需要再次手术,传统反复开腹手术对患者创伤大,恢复慢、并发症多,腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,已成为当代外科的潮流,但腹腔镜手术有适应证与禁忌证,对于既往有过手术史尤其是胆道手术史的患者再在同一部位施行手术,被
10、以为是腹腔镜的相对禁忌证。随着腹腔镜技术不断提高,手术适应证逐步拓宽,使腹腔镜再次胆道探查取石成为可能1。鉴于此,选取本院2020年1月至2022年9月收治的60例既往有胆道手术史的肝外胆管结石患者为研究对象,旨在讨论腹腔镜下再次胆道手术治疗肝外胆道结石的临床经历体验及价值,现报道如下。 1、 资料与方式方法 1.1、 临床资料 选取本院2020年1月至2022年9月收治的60例既往有胆道手术史的肝外胆管结石患者,男28例,女32例;年龄3588岁,平均62.8 12.6岁。所有患者既往都有胆道结石病史,并至少行过1次胆道手术包括腹腔镜手术,华而不实既往腹腔镜胆囊切除12例,开腹胆囊切除14例
11、,腹腔镜胆总管切开取石4例,开腹胆总管切开取石30例。采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各30例。两组临床资料比拟差异无统计学意义,见表1。本研究获得医院伦理委员会批准。纳入标准2:术前彩超、CT或MRCP等检查诊断肝外胆管结石,距上次手术时间半年以上。排除标准:MRCP胆道明显变异、胆道良恶性狭窄;其他心肺功能不全等不合适手术者。 1.2、 方式方法 观察组:仰卧位,气管插管全身麻醉。首个穿刺孔常规为脐下1 cm,切开皮肤,因患者皆为再次手术选择直视下置入屈卡,防止误伤肠管,建立气腹,压力1013 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa。置入腹腔镜探查腹腔情况,其他操作孔的选择据
12、腹腔探查情况决定,先分离腹腔脏器与腹壁粘连暴露肝脏,然后再沿肝脏下缘向肝门方向分离,分离经过中要仔细辩认胃窦、十二指肠球部、甚至结肠与肝下缘及肝门处粘连,防止损伤,损伤后需及时修补,直至显露肝外胆管,用细针穿刺抽出胆汁确认后,纵行切开胆总管前壁,胆道镜探查网篮取石逐一取出,对于胆总管下端嵌顿、网篮无法通过的结石,用胆道镜活检钳将结石咬碎再用网篮取出。结石取净后常规胆总管放置T管引流,缝合胆总管,文氏孔常规置腹腔引流管引流。对照组:仰卧位,气管插管全身麻醉,采用传统开腹胆总管探查取石术,根据原手术切口位置选择右肋缘下切口、旁正中切口、上腹正中切口,进腹后仔细分离粘连,切开胆总管行胆道镜探查取石+
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