乡村小学道德与法治生活化教学问题及对策研究,教育学硕士论文.docx
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1、乡村小学道德与法治生活化教学问题及对策研究,教育学硕士论文摘 要 部编版小学道德与法治是思想品德课程改革的最新成果，既是对生活化教学理念的不断推进，又是吸收了这十年的思政教育成果，教学课程根植儿童生活，关注儿童生活实际和情感，以儿童生活为基础，让教与学融入儿童生活。但是生活化教学在小学道德与法治课中的应用还不是很成熟，例如所选教学内容较为成人化、程式化，教学方式方法形式比拟单一，过分注重单纯灌输和空洞讲教，课堂缺乏互动沟通，把道德与法治的学习从儿童的生活、社会生活中分离出来，回避了儿童的现实生活，最终导致学用脱节的问题。十分是在乡村小学，怎样在这个改变的关键节点上顺势而为使之愈加符合乡村学生发
2、展的需要则成为了道德与法治教学研究的重点。 本文首先梳理了乡村小学道德与法治生活化教学的概念、特征、价值等相关理论，其次选取以七星关区生机镇生机小学为研究对象，通过问卷和访谈相结合的调查方式方法对七星关区生机镇生机小学师生进行调查研究，针对师生群体的差异性，分别就道德与法治生活化教学设计了不同的五个维度主题，通过对生机小学调查结果分析，发现生活化教学理念认知存在缺乏、教学内容挖掘单一、教学方式重讲授轻实践、课堂教学活泼踊跃度不高、教学评价缺少生活性的问题。针对以上乡村小学道德与法治生活化教学存在的问题，笔者从乡村师资气力、乡村学生群体、课程资源、教学反思进行归因，最终从落实生活化教学观念、拓宽
3、生活化教学内容、丰富生活化教学设计、营造生活化教学气氛、强化生活化教学反思五个方面提出策略。 通过本文的研究，以期在新的课程理念的指导下，充分发挥乡村学生的主体地位，充分发挥儿童学习的主动性和介入性，促使儿童在良好的课程环境气氛下愿意学、快乐学、主动学，创设生活化的道德与法治课堂，打造高效课堂的局面，丰富道德与法治教学方式方式方法，促进乡村小学道德与法治生活化教学的有效施行，为乡村小学道德与法治建设提供参考和挖掘新思路，加强道德与法治教学的德育功能。 本文关键词语 ： 乡村小学；道德与法治；生活化教学；问题及对策。 Abstract The morality and rule of law i
4、n the primary school ofministry edition are the latest achievements of the reform ofIdeological and moral courses. It is not only the continuouspromotion of the life-oriented teaching concept, but also theachievements of Ideological and political education in the pastten years. The teaching course i
5、s rooted in children s life,pays attention to the reality and emotion of children s life,and integrates teaching and learning into children s life basedon children s life. However, the application of Life-basedteaching in the moral and rule of law courses in primary schoolsis not mature, for example
6、, the selected teaching content ismore adult and stylized, the teaching method is relativelysimple, too much attention is paid to the simple instilling andempty preaching, the classroom lacks interactive communication,and the study of morality and rule of law is separated from thechildren s life and
7、 social life, avoiding the children s reallife, Finally, it leads to the problem of disjunction betweenlearning and use. Especially in rural primary schools, how tomake it more in line with the needs of rural students development has become the focus of moral and legal teachingresearch. This paper f
8、irst combs the concept, characteristics, valueand other relevant theories of moral and legal life teaching in rural primary schools. Secondly, the paper chooses thevitality primary school in qixingguan district as the researchobject, and investigates the teachers and students ofqixingguan District v
9、itality primary school through thecombination of literature, questionnaire, interview and caseanalysis, aiming at the differences between teachers andstudents, The article designs five dimensions of moral and ruleof law teaching respectively. Through the analysis of theresults of the investigation o
10、f vitality primary school, it isfound that there are some problems in the cognition ofLife-based teaching concept, single teaching content mining,emphasis on teaching method, low activity of classroom teachingand lack of living quality in teaching evaluation. In view ofthe above problems in the mora
11、l and legal life-based teachingin rural primary schools, the author puts forward strategiesfrom five aspects: the rural teachers, the rural students,curriculum resources and teaching reflection, and finally putsforward the strategies from five aspects: implementing thelife-oriented teaching concept,
12、 broadening the teachingcontent of life, enriching the design of Life-based teaching,creating a living teaching atmosphere and strengthening thereflection of Life-based teaching. Through the research of this paper, we hope to give fullplay to the main position of rural students under the guidanceof
13、new curriculum concept, give full play to the initiative and participation of children learning, and promote children tostudy, study happily and actively in a good curriculumenvironment, create a living moral and legal classroom, andcreate a situation of efficient classroom, Enrich the teachingmetho
14、ds of morality and rule of law, promote the effectiveimplementation of moral and rule of law teaching in ruralprimary schools, provide reference and explore new ideas forthe moral and legal construction of rural primary schools, andenhance the moral education function of moral and legalteaching. Key
15、 words: rural primary school; morality and rule of law;life-oriented teaching; problems and countermeasures. 绪 论 德育是构成完全人格的根本，每一个孩子是由成年人将其教育成“人 。因此，义务阶段的道德与法治课程在整个学生成长成才的发展中的地位举足轻重。 但是，作为义务阶段低年级的德育课程，道德与法治本身是一门“灵敏性 和“生命性 较强的综合性学科，经过深切进入地研究生活化教学形式，能够有效增进和提高小学道德与法治老师的教与学，然而在乡村地区儿童相比于城市儿童来讲，遭到地理环境、家庭条件
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