各省财政支农支出对减贫的作用探析,财政学硕士论文.docx
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1、各省财政支农支出对减贫的作用探析,财政学硕士论文2020 年是决胜全面建成小康社会的收官之年,脱贫攻坚工作进入决胜阶段的关键时期。2022 年经济工作会议十分强调要坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战,确保任务如期全面完成。而充分利用财政支农资金,深切进入推进 农林产业扶贫 ,是精准脱贫的关键举措。深切进入讨论我们国家地方财政支农支出的减贫效率,对加强支农资金的精细化科学化管理、切实提升减贫效率,助推脱贫攻坚,具有重要的现实意义。 本文研究我们国家省域财政支农支出减贫效率,利用 2018-2021 年中国省域面板数据,采用面板回归模型实证检验了财政支农支出减贫传导机制的有效性,验证了后续 DEA 模型中投入产出
2、指标选取的合理性,运用数据包络分析法DEA分别从静态与动态两个角度测度了财政支农支出的减贫效率,并创新性地以粮食产区为划分根据进行空间异质性分析,最后对支农资金减贫效率的影响因素进行面板 Tobit 回归分析,研究结果表示清楚:1财政支农支出显着促进了减贫;2从静态角度看,中国省域层面的减贫效率普遍不高,而且地区差异上呈现为 主销区 产销平衡区 主产区 的显着特征,主要源于纯技术效率与规模效率均不高;3各省域财政支农支出的投入产出配置构造不合理,存在不同程度的投入冗余或产出缺乏;4从动态角度看,大部分省域财政支农支出动态减贫效率不高,平均降幅为 0.5%,主要源于技术变动效率偏低;5人口集聚特
3、性所构成的规模效应和地区经济发展水平均对财政支农减贫效率有显着正向影响。规模的扩大有助于财政支农支出减贫效率的提升。城乡居民收入差距在一定程度上反映了城市化对农村经济的辐射带动作用,对减贫效率提高产生积极影响。财政分权指数越大即地方财政自主权越大,财政支农支出的减贫效率越低。 通过分析实证结果,结合把握当下我们国家农村改革的方向与重点,提出下面政策建议:保持适度的规模;适当加大财政支农投入力度,分区分类制定差异化管理策略;强化支农资金监管,建立绩效评价机制;拓宽支农资金来源;积极施行乡村振兴战略,产业发展助推脱贫攻坚。 本文关键词语: 财政支农;减贫;效率;DEA-Tobit。 Abstrac
4、t 2020 is the final year for the decisive victory of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way ,the work of poverty alleviation is entering a critical period of decisive stage. At the 2022 central economic work conference, it was particularly stressed that we should resolutely win
5、 the battle against poverty and ensure that the tasksare completed on schedule and in an all-round way. Making full use of the financial support for agriculture and further promoting the poverty alleviation of agriculture andforestry industry are the key measures to get rid of poverty precisely.It i
6、s of great practical significance to study the poverty reduction efficiency of local government sfinancial expenditure for supporting agriculture in order to strengthen the fine and scientific management of the financial support for agriculture, effectively improve theefficiency of poverty reduction
7、, and boost the poverty alleviation. This paper studies the poverty reduction efficiency of provincial financial expenditure on agriculture . Using the panel data of China s provinces in 2018-2021, the panel regression model is used to empirically test the effectiveness of the transmission mechanism
8、 of financial expenditure on agriculture in poverty reduction, which verifies the rationality of the input-output index selection in subsequent DEA model . Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to measure the poverty reduction efficiency of financial support for agriculture from the static and dyn
9、amic perspectives respectively, in addition, the spatial heterogeneity analysis is carried out based on the pision of grainproduction areas innovatively. Finally, the panel tobit regression analysis is carried out on the influencing factors of poverty reduction efficiency of agricultural support fun
10、ds.The results show that: (1) Financial support for agriculture has significantly promoted poverty reduction; (2) From the static point of view, the efficiency of poverty reduction at the provincial level in China is generally not high, and the regional differences show a significant feature of main
11、 sales area production and marketing balance area main production area , mainly due to the low pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency; (3) The input-output allocation structure of fiscal expenditure for supporting agriculture in each province is unreasonable, and there are different degrees
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