WBCSD_rev_final_low_res.pdf

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1、A Sectoral ApproachGreenhouse gas mitigation in the cement industrywww.wbcsdcement.orgA sectoral approach consists of acombination of policies and measuresdeveloped to enhance efficient,sector-by-sector greenhouse gas mitigationwithin the UN framework.Producers and their host countrygovernments adop

2、t a set of emissionsgoals,which may vary by country,ortake other coordinated action to helpcombat climate change.Many countries and businesses recognizethe need to reduce CO2emissions.But they seekways to do this without endangering the successof their national economies or businesses.Cement,the glu

3、e that holds concrete together,isa critical component of economic development.Concrete builds our homes,offices,schools,hospitals,roads and airports.Yet,making cementis an energy-intensive process that todayaccounts for about 5%of the global man-madeCO2emissions.The Cement SustainabilityInitiative(C

4、SI),a voluntary business initiativewithin the World Business Council for SustainableDevelopment(WBCSD),was established to helpindustry leaders understand and manage theimpacts of their products and processes with astrong emphasis on dealing with climate change.Since its founding nearly ten years ago

5、,CSIcompanies have developed world-class tools formeasuring and reporting CO2emissions,built aglobal database of cement plant energy andemissions performance,and contributed to newClean Development Mechanism approaches,while making and keeping strong commitmentsto reduce their individual company CO2

6、emissions.1Today,the worlds leaders are moving quickly todevelop new climate policies and actions toreplace or augment the Kyoto Protocol after2012.The CSI has been exploring a variety ofpolicy options to see which may offeropportunities for faster,more effective,large-scaleresponses to climate chan

7、ge.Dealing withclimate change is a long-term process.But morerapid,larger interventions must begin soon.TheCementSustainabilityInitiativeWhat is needed from governmentsfor success in CO2reduction1.A sectoral approach can be a usefultool to improve the speed andeffectiveness of industrys greenhousega

8、s mitigation efforts.If properly designed,it could offerstrong participation incentives to developing economies,businesses and governments.2.The CSI would like to see the sectoral approachincorporated into international climate language as apolicy option,with explicit details to be defined.Furtherwo

9、rk by the CSI in consultation with governments andnational trade associations would be needed to put thisapproach into effect.3.The CSI is ready,willing and able to work withgovernments potentially involved in a sectoral approachto elaborate the details of a suitable sector participationscheme and n

10、ationally appropriate carbon commitments.Such work would include:Defining key elements needed to make a sectoral approach feasible,such as:-Sector data requirements-Measurement,reporting and verification(MRV)practices-Goal setting and crediting policies Identifying effective policy measures that cou

11、ld be adopted at national level,as appropriate,to help reduce cement sector CO2emissions,such as:-Revised cement product standards based on performance rather than composition-Construction codes with increased emphasis on“green”building products,and energy-use reductions over the lifetime of a build

12、ing-Government purchasing choices oriented toward greener products-Greater availability and use of alternative fuels via landfill bans-More widespread use of blending materials(which can reduce the energy intensity of cement)Structuring enhanced technology development and deployment programs for the

13、 cement sector,particularly around the application of carbon capture and storage(CCS).ActionneededDesign:IMS ConsultingPhoto credits:CSI participating companiesCopyright:WBCSD,May 2009ISBN:978-3-940388-46-9Printed on Revive Silk 50/50 Silk by FSC and ISO14001 accredited printerTheCementSustainabilit

14、yInitiative1See Climate Actions,WBCSD,Geneva,Switzerland,November 2008 for details.www.wbcsdcement.orgSummaryWhat is a sectoral approach?A sectoral approach consists of a combination ofpolicies and measures,developed to enhanceefficient,sector-by-sector,greenhouse gas mitigation,within the UN Framew

15、ork Convention on ClimateChange(UNFCCC).It is a practical approach to engage business and keyeconomies in mitigation action,as it offers the abilityto move more quickly with a smaller number ofparties.It offers a way to achieve greater speed and scale inclimate mitigation,while not limiting economic

16、growth in developing countries.BenefitsFor governments,a sectoral approach offerssignificant national control to tailor management ofemissions and efficiency goals to local circumstancesand capabilities.For developing countries,it offers a policy structure toencourage efficiency gains without limiti

17、ng economicdevelopment.It also offers a chance to share andbenefit from best practices,as well as to participate intechnology development.For businesses,it offers the opportunity to supportpolicy-makers in identifying and using the mosteffective mitigation tools for each sector.Next stepsBusinesses

18、and governments must work togetherwithin the UNFCCC process to define key elementsneeded to make a sectoral approach feasible:-Sector data requirements-Measurement,reporting and verification practices-Goal-setting and potential crediting policies.About the WBCSDThe World Business Council for Sustain

19、ableDevelopment(WBCSD)brings together some200 international companies in a sharedcommitment to sustainable developmentthrough economic growth,ecological balanceand social progress.Our members are drawnfrom more than 36 countries and 22 majorindustrial sectors.We also benefit from a global network of

20、about 58 national and regional businesscouncils and partner organizations.Ourmission is to provide business leadership asa catalyst for change toward sustainabledevelopment,and to support the businesslicense to operate,innovate and grow in aworld increasingly shaped by sustainabledevelopment issues.

21、World Business Council forSustainable Development WBCSDChemin de Conches 41231 Conches-Geneva,SwitzerlandTel:+41(0)22 839 31 00,Fax:+41(0)22 839 31 31E-mail:infowbcsd.org,Web:www.wbcsd.orgWBCSD North America Office1744 R Street NWWashington,DC 20009United StatesTel:+1 202 420 77 45,Fax:+1 202 265 16

22、 62E-mail:washingtonwbcsd.orgCSI MembersSHREE CEMENT LTD.BrazilFranceBrazilIndiaPortugalIrelandJapanIndiaGreeceGermanyUSAPortugalItalySpainSwitzerlandMexicoThailandBrazilIMS WBCSD gatefold 5/6/09 1:17 PM Page 1A Sectoral ApproachGreenhouse gas mitigation in the cement industrywww.wbcsdcement.orgA se

23、ctoral approach consists of acombination of policies and measuresdeveloped to enhance efficient,sector-by-sector greenhouse gas mitigationwithin the UN framework.Producers and their host countrygovernments adopt a set of emissionsgoals,which may vary by country,ortake other coordinated action to hel

24、pcombat climate change.Many countries and businesses recognizethe need to reduce CO2emissions.But they seekways to do this without endangering the successof their national economies or businesses.Cement,the glue that holds concrete together,isa critical component of economic development.Concrete bui

25、lds our homes,offices,schools,hospitals,roads and airports.Yet,making cementis an energy-intensive process that todayaccounts for about 5%of the global man-madeCO2emissions.The Cement SustainabilityInitiative(CSI),a voluntary business initiativewithin the World Business Council for SustainableDevelo

26、pment(WBCSD),was established to helpindustry leaders understand and manage theimpacts of their products and processes with astrong emphasis on dealing with climate change.Since its founding nearly ten years ago,CSIcompanies have developed world-class tools formeasuring and reporting CO2emissions,bui

27、lt aglobal database of cement plant energy andemissions performance,and contributed to newClean Development Mechanism approaches,while making and keeping strong commitmentsto reduce their individual company CO2emissions.1Today,the worlds leaders are moving quickly todevelop new climate policies and

28、actions toreplace or augment the Kyoto Protocol after2012.The CSI has been exploring a variety ofpolicy options to see which may offeropportunities for faster,more effective,large-scaleresponses to climate change.Dealing withclimate change is a long-term process.But morerapid,larger interventions mu

29、st begin soon.TheCementSustainabilityInitiativeWhat is needed from governmentsfor success in CO2reduction1.A sectoral approach can be a usefultool to improve the speed andeffectiveness of industrys greenhousegas mitigation efforts.If properly designed,it could offerstrong participation incentives to

30、 developing economies,businesses and governments.2.The CSI would like to see the sectoral approachincorporated into international climate language as apolicy option,with explicit details to be defined.Furtherwork by the CSI in consultation with governments andnational trade associations would be nee

31、ded to put thisapproach into effect.3.The CSI is ready,willing and able to work withgovernments potentially involved in a sectoral approachto elaborate the details of a suitable sector participationscheme and nationally appropriate carbon commitments.Such work would include:Defining key elements nee

32、ded to make a sectoral approach feasible,such as:-Sector data requirements-Measurement,reporting and verification(MRV)practices-Goal setting and crediting policies Identifying effective policy measures that could be adopted at national level,as appropriate,to help reduce cement sector CO2emissions,s

33、uch as:-Revised cement product standards based on performance rather than composition-Construction codes with increased emphasis on“green”building products,and energy-use reductions over the lifetime of a building-Government purchasing choices oriented toward greener products-Greater availability an

34、d use of alternative fuels via landfill bans-More widespread use of blending materials(which can reduce the energy intensity of cement)Structuring enhanced technology development and deployment programs for the cement sector,particularly around the application of carbon capture and storage(CCS).Acti

35、onneededDesign:IMS ConsultingPhoto credits:CSI participating companiesCopyright:WBCSD,May 2009ISBN:978-3-940388-46-9Printed on Revive Silk 50/50 Silk by FSC and ISO14001 accredited printerTheCementSustainabilityInitiative1See Climate Actions,WBCSD,Geneva,Switzerland,November 2008 for details.www.wbc

36、sdcement.orgSummaryWhat is a sectoral approach?A sectoral approach consists of a combination ofpolicies and measures,developed to enhanceefficient,sector-by-sector,greenhouse gas mitigation,within the UN Framework Convention on ClimateChange(UNFCCC).It is a practical approach to engage business and

37、keyeconomies in mitigation action,as it offers the abilityto move more quickly with a smaller number ofparties.It offers a way to achieve greater speed and scale inclimate mitigation,while not limiting economicgrowth in developing countries.BenefitsFor governments,a sectoral approach offerssignifica

38、nt national control to tailor management ofemissions and efficiency goals to local circumstancesand capabilities.For developing countries,it offers a policy structure toencourage efficiency gains without limiting economicdevelopment.It also offers a chance to share andbenefit from best practices,as

39、well as to participate intechnology development.For businesses,it offers the opportunity to supportpolicy-makers in identifying and using the mosteffective mitigation tools for each sector.Next stepsBusinesses and governments must work togetherwithin the UNFCCC process to define key elementsneeded t

40、o make a sectoral approach feasible:-Sector data requirements-Measurement,reporting and verification practices-Goal-setting and potential crediting policies.About the WBCSDThe World Business Council for SustainableDevelopment(WBCSD)brings together some200 international companies in a sharedcommitmen

41、t to sustainable developmentthrough economic growth,ecological balanceand social progress.Our members are drawnfrom more than 36 countries and 22 majorindustrial sectors.We also benefit from a global network ofabout 58 national and regional businesscouncils and partner organizations.Ourmission is to

42、 provide business leadership asa catalyst for change toward sustainabledevelopment,and to support the businesslicense to operate,innovate and grow in aworld increasingly shaped by sustainabledevelopment issues.World Business Council forSustainable Development WBCSDChemin de Conches 41231 Conches-Gen

43、eva,SwitzerlandTel:+41(0)22 839 31 00,Fax:+41(0)22 839 31 31E-mail:infowbcsd.org,Web:www.wbcsd.orgWBCSD North America Office1744 R Street NWWashington,DC 20009United StatesTel:+1 202 420 77 45,Fax:+1 202 265 16 62E-mail:washingtonwbcsd.orgCSI MembersSHREE CEMENT LTD.BrazilFranceBrazilIndiaPortugalIr

44、elandJapanIndiaGreeceGermanyUSAPortugalItalySpainSwitzerlandMexicoThailandBrazilIMS WBCSD gatefold 5/6/09 1:17 PM Page 1Six different policy scenarios were explored with a widespread of carbon limits,ranging from“no commitments”toa full global cap on absolute CO2emissions from the sector.A sectoral

45、approach was modeled as a combination of fixedemission limits(caps)in Annex I countries,with emissionsefficiency goals in non-Annex I countries although this isonly one of a number of possible policy combinations.The model results from each policy scenario were comparedto a“no commitments”base case.

46、Model projectionsindicate that:(1)Cement production,driven by growing demand,isexpected to more than double by 2030.(2)A sectoral approach could reduce cement sectoremissions significantly compared to the base case.Many people and organizations havecommented on the possible value ofa sectoral approa

47、ch.However,the CSIstill did not know how well this mightwork compared to or in concert withother policy options.To test theseconcepts the CSI undertook an economic and policymodeling project,coupled with a series of stakeholderdialogues to better understand the potential benefits andpitfalls.An econ

48、omic model was built featuring eight world regionsand including data on production technology,shipping,energy costs,CO2abatement options,and many otherfactors to understand global cement and carbon flows underdifferent carbon policy scenarios.Carbon policies andemission goals are modeled across regi

49、ons and over time.The model includes the regional goals and costs of carbonreduction options as well as trade.Different carbon policychoices can be analyzed and compared on a consistent basis,looking at impacts on regional CO2and cement flows and costs.A sector-based analysis of the climatechallenge

50、,often called a sectoralapproach,offers a number of possibleadvantages over more traditionalgeographically organized responses.Because of this,sectoral approaches arenow on the international climate policy agenda,and havebeen discussed at the two previous UNFCCC2COP3meetings in Bali(2007)and Poznan(