高考英语一轮语法专题复习——过去完成进行时.doc

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1、高考英语语法专题复习过去完成进行时1.过去完成进行时的概念过去完成进行时强调动作从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去某个时间点。在过去某个时间点时，这个动作可能刚刚停止，也可能仍然在进行。过去完成进行时表示在过去较早的时间内进行的动作，并对过去某一刻的动作或状态产生结果。过去完成进行时放在间接引语或虚拟语气中时它的时态不能再向前推，向后推是现在完成进行时。2.过去完成进行时基本结构：主语 +had+been +动词-ing（现在分词）3. 过去完成进行时的句式特点：（1）肯定句的句式特点句型：主语 + had been + 现在分词.They had been working for 16 hour

2、s straight. 他们已经一连工作了16个小时。 The consultants had been working to finish a report this week. 顾问们一直在争取于本周完成一份报告。 He had been working very hard so he had no qualms about taking a few days off. 他一直辛勤工作，所以休息几天他觉得心安理得。 Until this summer, China had been doing that carefully. 截止今年夏天，中国一直在审慎地这么做。 At that poin

3、t, he realized what he had been doing all along. 在那时，他才意识到他一直在做的事。 The rest had been doing nonspecific or unknown activities. 其余的在做“非特殊的”或未知活动。 （2）过去完成进行时的特殊疑问句句型：疑问代词/疑问副词 + had + 主语 + been + 现在分词.?过去完成进行时的特殊疑问句是将疑问代词/疑问副词置于助动词had之前，类似于一般疑问句，但是却又有所不同；这种语序全部是使用倒装语序。每当主语提问时，就直接将疑问代词或带有疑问限定词的名词词组置于助动词

4、had之前，在句尾加问号，除此之外，这种句式的语序全部是采用陈述句语序：That is what I had been doing for 10 years - it was how I understood - so it was a natural impulse. 那是10年来我一直所做的那是我所了解的方式因此，它是一种天性使然。 what she had been doing with herself since their separation自从他们分别以来，她一直在做什么？How long had it been raining after he left home? 在他离开家

5、后，雨下了有多长时间了？ 4.过去完成进行时的用法（1）表示过去某时以前持续的动作过去完成进行时类似于现在完成进行时，只不过过去完成进行时表示在过去的某段时间正在发生的动作，而不是现在，只是时间推移到了过去：He had been making the garden in order. 他一直在整理花园。 Castresana thought, Rosenberg had been making threats to himself. 卡斯特雷萨纳认为，是罗森博格向自己发出了威胁。 Silk was no exception, and silk workers had been making

6、paper since the 2nd century BCE. 丝绸也不例外，而且，自公元2世纪以来，丝绸工人已经制造了丝绸纸张。 He had been making north by east away from the dease divide and into the coppermine valley. 他一直在向北偏东走，他已经离开狄斯分水岭，走到了铜矿谷。 He had been making north by east, away from the Dease Divide and into the Coppermine Valley. 他一直在向北偏东走，他已经离开狄斯分水

7、岭，走到了铜矿谷。 （2）表示在过去的某个时间段持续的动作过去完成进行时表示在过去的某个时间段，一个特指的动作从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到过去的另一个时间，在这个时间段，一直在进行该动作，这个动作在这个时间段，可能最后刚刚终止，也可能还在持续下去。The class had been learning a new vocabulary about food. 我们还学习了关于食物的新单词。 Binbin had been learning to play the violin for a year when he sat the exam. 在彬彬参加考试之前，他已学习拉小提琴一年了。 Co

8、nsidering Wang Ping had been learning English for only a year, he speaks it very well. 就王平只学了一年的英语而论，他的英文已讲得很好了。 By the end of last term we had been learning most of the lessons of New Concept English, Book2. 到上学期末，我们已学习了新概念英语第二册的大部分课程。 Mel: Where did you learn from? When you had been learning how o

9、ften and long would you practice? 你从那学的？什么时候开始练了多久多久连一次？ Andy suffered from a bad case of vacation amnesia when he went back to school and couldnt remember what he had been learning before. 安迪得了严重的“假期失忆症”，他回到学校后根本不记得之前都学过些什么。 （3）用于得出相关结论过去完成进行时可以表示动作主体根据从句的指引，通过直接或间接的证明从而推导出一定的结论，并且这些结论都有一定的事实依据。He

10、breezed through the song as though had been singing it for years. 他轻快地唱完那首歌，似乎他多年来一直在唱它。 We had been singing for only five minutes when the blackout occurred. 停电时，我们只唱了五分钟的个歌。 When they asked me what I had been doing, I told them Id been looking for a job. 当他们问我在干什么时，我告诉他们在找工作。 （4）用于间接引语通常过去完成进行时作为间

11、接引语出现从句之中，作为对动作主体所说的话或者所做的事情的必要补充或解释说明。Matthews was still shaking his head as he thought about the play, which he said he had been doing most of the night. 马修斯在想起比赛时依然不住的摇头，他已经尽全力了。 She said she had just been having too much fun sampling the delicious food in and around New York City. 她只是太享受于品尝纽约的美食

12、了。 Everything he had said had been a mistake. He blanched at his miscalculations. 他所说过的一切都是错的。他对自己的失算感到懊恼不已。 （5）表示反复的动作，表示在过去的某个时间段经常做某事。He had been mentioning your name to me before he came here. 他来这里之前多次向我提到过你的名字。 Maybe she had been wondering up to that point if I was indeed her flesh and blood, b

13、ut mentioning the biscuit did the trick. 也许她直到前一刻还在怀疑我是否是她的亲骨肉，提到饼干奏效了。 You had been giving me aggregate. 他过去屡次向我提到过你的名字。 American Ambassador had been giving him special instruction in the affluent society. 美国大使一直在专给他讲授有关富足社会的情况。 And since New Hampshire, he had been giving me advice on health care,

14、which he knew more about than I did. 自新罕布什尔州初选获胜以来，他一直为我提供医疗保健议题方面的建议，在这个领域他懂得比我多。 （6）接when引导的从句，表示“突然”之意。I had been doing Tech Support for Hewlett-Packards DeskJet division for about a month when I had a customer call with a problem I just couldnt solve. 我在惠普公司印表机部做技术支援工作已经有一个月了，有一天我接到一位客户的电话，她的问题我

15、没办法解决。 In England, he had been working in nightclubs and bars, he said, when he met a group of people who squatted in abandoned buildings. 在英国的时候，他在夜总会和酒吧工作过，他说，当他发现一群废弃楼盘的非法占据者。 She had been working her way towards the door when he turned and slowly shook his head. 她正在朝门口走去，而他这时转过身子，慢慢地摇了摇头。 He had

16、 already been learning the piano for a year, and when he went blind, his mother knew this would be the only way he would make any money in the future. 他已经学了一年钢琴，当他失明的时候，他的母亲知道这是他将来赚钱的唯一途径。 （7）表示尚未完成某件事情，某件事情过去一直在进行中，但却没有完结。He said that he had been writing an article. 他说他一直在写一篇文章。 He had been writing

17、 this novel up to that time. 直到那时他一直在写这部小说。 If I had been writing it What did Beethoven do here? 不知我写下这段没有，贝多芬在这里做了什么？ When I got home, I found that Tom had been writing his letters. 我回到家，发现汤姆之前一直在写信。 I had been writing a letter for two hours by the time she came to see me. 当她来看我的时候，我已经写了两个小时的信了。 （8

18、）表示最近的情况，是在此之前，距离近期很近的一段时间的情况或者状态。 They had been quarrelling for as long as they had been in love他们结婚以后就一直吵个不停。I heard about a Ugandan nun who was working with orphans and had been doing so since Idi Amin was in power. 我听说过一个乌干达修女的故事。她为孤儿服务，并且从阿明(Idi Amin)上台以来就一直这样做。 There were people who had been doing home organizing for years by then, and they sniffed at her severe methods. 当时已经有人做家居整理许多年，对她严苛的方法嗤之以鼻。 I had been doing a lot of trig homework for a calculus class I was taking in undergrad and this number appears a lot. 大学上微积分课时我做了许多三角学的作业，作业中这个数经常出现。