黑龙江省部分名校2020-2021学年上学期高二英语期中试题精选汇编：阅读理解专题（部分详解）.doc

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1、黑龙江省部分名校2020-2021学年上学期高二英语期中试题精选汇编阅读理解专题黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项(每小题2 分)ATomato FestivalStarted in 2005, the Tomato Festival has grown into a local tradition in Malta. In recent years, the festival has added amusement parkstyle rides and a yearly Creat

2、ure Feature, which screens old horrible movies. There are also dance competitions, parades and pancake breakfast. Third weekend in August.Address: 833 Tinkham Rd, Fountain Park, Wilbraham, Massachusetts 01095Phone: (413)599-0010Brat DaysDont mistake this festival for a day filled with poorly behaved

3、 children. Begun in 1953, the gathering is the biggest festival in the city each year and features more than 50 stands (摊位) selling the sausage, as well as a contest to see who can quickly eat the most bratwurst (德国式小香肠) in ten minutes.Early August.Address: 17th and New Jersey sts, Kiwanis Park, She

4、boygan, Wisconsin 53081Phone: (920)4579491Hope Watermelon FestivalThe festival dates back to the 1920s, when many trains went through this small town and local watermelon growers would sell their watermelon to parched travellers. These days, the festival sees a Watermelon Queen crowned (加冠的) and som

5、etimes a worldrecord watermelon grown. There are also more than 300 stands selling arts and crafts from a sixstate area, as well as a car show and the Watermelon Olympics. Early August.Address: 108 W 3rd St, Hope, Arkansas 71801Phone: (870) 777-3640Oyster Festival (牡蛎节)Featuring appearances from tal

6、l ships and oyster boats, this festival has regularly drawn 60,000 visitors a year since it began in 1978. More than 3,000 volunteers make the festival possible each year. Norwalk is less than a twohour drive from many of New Englands larger cities, making it easy to attend the festival during a tri

7、p to New York or Hartford. Weekend after Labor Day.Address: Sea view Ave, Veterans Park, East Norwalk, Connecticut 06855Phone: (800) 866-792521. Which of the following festivals has the longest history?A. Oyster Festival.B. Tomato Festival.C. Brat Days.D. Hope Watermelon Festival.22. In which of the

8、 following activities can you enjoy the frightening films?A. The Creature Feature.B. The Watermelon Olympics.C. The Eatingbratwurst Contest.D. Dance Competitions.23. If it is August 15 today this year, you might still attend .A. Brat DaysB. Tomato FestivalC. Hope Watermelon FestivalD. Oyster Festiva

9、l【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了国外四种节日的起源时间，不同的庆祝方式，以及时间和地点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，各个节日的起源时间为：Oyster Festival1978年；Tomato Festival2005年；Brat Days1953年；Hope Watermelon Festival20世纪20年代。由此可知，Hope Watermelon Festival这个节日有最悠久的历史。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Tomato Festival部分的“In recent years, the festival

10、 has added amusement parkstyle rides and a yearly Creature Feature, which screens old horrible movies.”可知，近年来，电影节增加了游乐园式的游乐设施，以及放映老恐怖电影的年度生物展区。由此可知，在Tomato Festival这个活动中能看到恐怖电影。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据Tomato Festival部分的“Third weekend in August.”可知，Tomato Festival是在8月的第三个星期。在8月15日之后，因此仍然可以参加的是Tomato Festi

11、val。故选B。B“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy - they re given after all. Choices can be hard.-Jeff Bezos.I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. Id never seen or heard of anything t

12、hat grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and Id been married for a year. I told my life MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldnt work since most

13、start-ups dont, and I wasnt sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, Id been a garage inventor. Id always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had

14、 a brilliant boss that I admired very much. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said. “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for s

15、omeone who didnt already have a good job. That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but eventually, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didnt think Id regret trying and f

16、ailing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision not to try at all.After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and Im proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.24. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online book

17、store?A. His dream of being an inventor.B. The support of his wife.C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.D. Millions of exciting titles.25. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.B. He

18、would be very excited if he tried it out.C. He would be always having a doubt if he didnt try.D. The decision not to the online bookstore would terrify him.26. We can know from the passage that .A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the authorB. the author wanted someone else to try the idea

19、C. the author might not regret if he failed the ideaD. the author might go back to his boss if he failed27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Cleverness and KindnessB. The Starting of AmazonC. Following My PassionD. We Are What We Choose【答案】24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D【解析】

20、本文是记叙文。文章讲述的是亚马逊网站创始人的故事。才智是与生俱来的，而善良是后天可以选择的。天赋易得，选择难做。在贝佐斯16岁的时候，他惊叹于互联网的迅速发展，于是萌发了建立网上书店的想法。在得到妻子的支持以后，他辞去了待遇很好的工作，虽然老板曾试图留住他，但贝佐斯最终决定把自己的想法付诸实践。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. Id never seen or heard of anything that grew th

21、at fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.”可知，我偶然得知因特网使用每年增长2300%，我从没有听说过任何增长速度这么快的事情。互联网的迅速发展让作者感到吃惊，也让作者萌生了创建一个网络书店的想法，故选C。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段段意和“I didnt think Id regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a de

22、cision to not try at all.”可知，我觉得我不会后悔尝试和失败。我怀疑我会被根本没有决定尝试而困扰。老板想说服作者留下来，作者有些动摇，但经过思考之后，作者决定辞职建网站，作者不害怕尝试和失败，但会因为想法没有付诸实践而愧疚。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“I decided I had to give it a shot. I didnt think Id regret trying and failing.”可知，我决定我一定要尝试，我觉得我不会后悔尝试和失败。因此作者认为自己将不会为尝试和失败感到后悔。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“A

23、fter much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and Im proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.”可知，在深思熟虑之后，我选择了这条不太安全的路来追寻我的激情，我为之骄傲。最后我们的选择造就了我们所有人。作者把自己的热情付诸了实践，并且获得了成功。是我们的选择才成就了我们每一个人。故选D。 【点睛】一、人物传记类文章的文体特征：人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、

24、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。二、人物传记类文章的阅读策略和解题技巧1、把握文体特征，注意写作手法如前文所述，人物传记是记叙文体的一种，因此在阅读时要把握好时间、地点、人物和事件这四大要素。其次，还应该注意人物传记类文章的结构多按时间顺序排列，一般采用倒叙的写作手法，有时也采用插叙和补叙等手段。弄清楚人物传记类文章的特征和写作手法，能帮助考生在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时、准确无误。2、抓住题干关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节描述事实细节题是人物传记类文章的主要题型，一

25、般常见以下几种类型：(1)对号入座题：这种题的答案一般在原文中可以直接找到，只要读懂文章，掌握文章中的事实，如时间、地点、事件等细节问题，就能选对正确答案。(2)词义转换题：这种题常常是原文有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。它要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。例如：第22题，根据第三段段意和“I didnt think Id regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.”可知，老板想

26、说服作者留下来，作者有些动摇，但经过思考之后，作者决定辞职建网站，作者不害怕尝试和失败，但会因为想法没有付诸实践而愧疚。故选A。(3)是非题：该题型俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目四个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合。题干多为：Which of the following isTRUE?或者三个不符合文章内容，剩下一个符合，题干多为：Which of the followingisNOTtrue?或All the following are true EXCEPT(4)排序题：这种题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出第一

27、个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。(5)指代理解题：一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。可采用“逻辑关系梳理法”，使人物或事件关系清晰条理。不管题型如何，在做事实细节题时，可采用比较实用的方法一有目的的阅读。在阅读时，首先看题目要求我们理解什么细节，找出关键词，然后以此为线索，运用寻读的技巧迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语。认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。这样一来，既提高了阅读的速度，又能确保答案的准确率。同时，建议阅读文章时把与答案相符的句子或短语用红线标示出来

28、，标号注上是哪一题答案的相关句子，这样在检查时就不必重新阅读整篇文章了。3、抽丝剥茧，推理判断深层含义推理判断题主要提问那些未曾在文中说明，但已特别暗示的内容，考查考生对文章的准确理解和判断。人物传记类文章常见的推理判断题型为：(1)细节推断题：要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。例如：第21题，就是一道细节题，只要根据第二段“I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year.

29、Id never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.”就可知，互联网的迅速发展让作者感到吃惊，也让作者萌生了创建一个网络书店的想法，故选C。(2)因果推断题：要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。(3)人物性格、作者态度及观点判断题：人物传记类文章中有些是考查考生对作者的主导思想、被描写人物的语气、言

30、语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上做出一定推论和判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。解答此类题时，要注意：(1)吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。(2)对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深。从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等进行符合逻辑的推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。(3)基于文章内容，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。(4)把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解

31、语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。(5)注意文中所用词句的感情色彩，是讽刺性的，批评性的，赞成性的，还是反对性的，以便推测作者的观点和态度。CMr. Lon Lee Alle is from Singapore. He was recently visiting an Indonesian island so he could see the famous Komodo dragons. Mr. Lon did not want to pay for a tour guide, but he really wanted to take som

32、e close-up photos of the dragons when they were eating. Like most wild animals, Komodo dragons do not like to be disturbed when food is around. They turned on Mr. Lon and one of them took a large bite out of his leg. He was rushed to hospital by speedboat. Luckily, he survived.Komodo dragons are the

33、 largest and heaviest lizards(蜥蜴) in the world. They can only be found on a few Indonesian islands including Komodo Island. They have lived on earth for a very long time and remain killing and eating machines. They have a very strong sense of smell which they use to help find their next meal. They w

34、ill eat almost anything they find. Even though Komodo dragons can run up to 20 kilometers per hour，they prefer to wait for their kill.When the attack does come，the dragon attacks the animals feet first, knocking it over. Then，its sharp and fearsome teeth pull the animal to pieces. These teeth contai

35、n small pieces of meat from meals it has already eaten and are filled with bacteriasometimes up to 60 different types. One bite will cause an infection in the wounded animal that will lead to a very painful death a few days later. The Komodo dragon will follow the animal, waiting for it to fall down

36、. It has recently been discovered that Komodo dragons also have venom(毒液) in their mouth. The venom causes animals to bleed to deathif the infection does not get it first.Today, there are about 4,000 Komodo dragons in the wild. Five people have been killed and 30 injured by dragon bites in the past

37、40 years.28. What happened to Mr. Lon Lee Alle?A. He was fooled by the tour guide.B. He was seriously injured by a Komodo dragon.C. He paid a lot to take Komodo dragons photos.D. He got lost on an Indonesian island.29. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the text?A. To start a discussion.B. To br

38、ing up the topic.C. To provide an explanation.D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic.30. What do we know about Komodo dragons?A. Theyre native to Indonesia.B. Theyre impatient hunters.C. Theyre picky about food.D. Theyre really smelly.31. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How Komodo dragons surv

39、ive after being attacked.B. How Komodo dragons venom kills an animal.C. How Komodo dragons hunt for food.D. How Komodo dragons infect other animals.【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科莫多巨蜥这种生物的相关信息。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They turned on Mr. Lon and one of them took a large bite out of his le

40、g.”（他们转向隆先生，其中一只咬了他的腿一大口。）可知，他被科莫多巨蜥严重伤害。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段主要讲述了Lon Lee Alle到印度尼西亚看著名的科莫多巨蜥时被严重的咬伤了，第二段、第三段和第四段分别从栖息地、如何捕食以及现存数量等方面来介绍Komodo dragons。由此可推知，第一段的写作目的是为了引入话题。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Komodo dragons are the largest and heaviest lizards(蜥蜴) in the world. They can only be found on a fe

41、w Indonesian islands including Komodo Island.”（科莫多巨蜥是世界上最大最重的蜥蜴。只有在包括科莫多岛在内的一些印度尼西亚岛屿上才能找到它们。）可知，它们原产于印度尼西亚。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“When the attack does come，the dragon attacks the animals feet first, knocking it over. Then，its sharp and fearsome teeth pull the animal to pieces.”（当攻击来临时，科莫多巨蜥首先攻击动物

42、的脚，将其击倒。然后，它锋利可怕的牙齿把它撕成碎片。）可知，这一段主要在介绍科莫多巨蜥如何捕食。故选C。DClothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers (零售商) are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shopper.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and aut

43、hor Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that its not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collec

44、tive fashion habit after manufacturing.She writes, An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of carbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at hom

45、e is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study by Levis.Then theres the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when its returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental se

46、rvices that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant, still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with alternatives, although these arent great either.Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply beca

47、use its so easily accessible. Theres something called share washing that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as a way to share rides and limit ear ownership. and yet it has been pr

48、oven to discourage walking,bicycling, and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldnt let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. Theres an even better step thats wearing what is already in the closet.32. What is Elizabeth Clines attitude toward clothing rental?A. Approving.B. Unfavorable.C. Objective.D. Enthusiastic.33. The Uber exa