高中英语语法复习 状语从句的从属连词问题.doc

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1、高中英语语法复习宝典 状语从句的从属连词问题英语中有些名词结构可用作从属连词，用以引导状语从句，且主要是时间状语从句。这类结构归纳起来有以下六类：一、the +瞬间名词其中的瞬间名词主要包括moment, minute, instant, second等，其意为“一就”，相当于as soon as。如：The minutehe saw her he fell in love.他对她一见倾心。Ill telephonethe minutetheres any change.一有变更我立即用电话通知。Telephone methe moment(that) you get the results.

2、你一有结果，马上给我打电话。I was so tired that I fell asleep the instant I closed my eyes.我很累，一合上眼就睡着了。She put down the receiver the second she recognized my voice.她一听出是我的声音，马上就放下电话听筒。注：其中的瞬间名词后可接that，也可省略。另外，有的个别副词（如directly / immediately等）也可表示类似意思。如：Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.饭一吃完他

3、就把收音机打开。二、the +季节名词其中的季节名词包括spring, summer, autumn, winter，其意为“在的那年春天、夏天、秋天、冬天。如：His wife left him the spring he went abroad.在他出国的那年春天，他的妻子离开了他。He sold his house and went to the south the summer he lost his job.在他失业的那年夏天，他卖掉房子去了南方。He was sent to prison the winter his third daughter was born.在他第三个女儿出

4、生的那年冬天，他被关进了监狱。She got married the autumn she graduated from college.她大学毕业的那年秋天就结婚了。三、the+时间名词其中的时间名词主要包括hour, day, night, week, month, season, year等，其意为“在的时候、那天、那个晚上、那周、那个月、那个季节、那年”。如：The hour he was in her office, he felt very sad.当他在她办公室的时候，他感到很伤心。The day he returned home, his father was already

5、dead.他回家的那一天，他的父亲已经死了。The night I went to see her, she had left for Beijing to attend an important meeting.就我去看她的那个晚上，她到北京去开一个重要的会议了。Mr Smith didnt go to work the week his wife was ill.史密斯先生在他妻子生病的那个星期没去上班。The year he lived in the country, he learned a lot.他在乡下呆的那一年，他学到了不少东西。四、the +序数词+time其中的序数词包括f

6、irst, second, third, fourth等，其意为“当第几次的时候”。如：My girlfriend beat me at poker the first time we played.我头一次和女朋友打扑克，她就把我赢了。The second time I saw her, she looked like an old woman.我第二次见到她时，她看上去像一个老太婆。The third time I went there, I found all of them had left and the offices were all empty.我第三次去那儿时，我发现他们都离

7、开了，所有的办公室都是空的。注：1. next, last也具有类似序数词的性质，因此也具有以上用法。如：Next timeyou come in, please close the door.下次你进来，请关门。The last timewe talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。2. the first time, the second time, the third time等用作连词引导时间状语从句时，其前通常要有定冠词，而(the) next time, (the) last time引导状语从句时，其中的

8、冠词可以省略，如下面这道高考题，其答案是C，不是A：I thought her nice and honest_ I met her.A. first timeB. for the first timeC. the first timeD. by the first time五、不定代词 + time其中的不定代词主要包括each, every, any等。如：Every time I ring her, the phone is engaged.我每次给她打电话，电话都占线。Every time I see him he either wants to tell me his trouble

9、 or borrow some money.每次我见到他，他不是向我诉苦，就是要向我借钱。He felt nervous each time she spoke to him.每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。Any timeyou come to London do look me up.你无论什么时候到伦敦来，一定要来看我。注意：every time, each time, any time用作连词引导状语从句时其前习惯上不用冠词，它与the first time, the second time, the third time等引导时间状语从句时其前必须要用定冠词不同。六、其他名词结构以上归

10、纳的名词结构均用于引导时间状语从句，有些其他结构还可引导其他性质的状语从句，如the way可用于引导方式状语从句，表示“像一样”。如：The didnt do it the way we do now.那时他们不像我们现在这样行事。Joyce looked at me the way a lot of girls did.乔伊丝像许多姑娘那样瞧着我。注：这样用的the way与as用法相似。如：Hold it in both hands, the way (=as) Mummy does.用两只手捧住，像妈妈那样。七、英语从属连词用法分类详解1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1)表示“当时候”

11、或“每当”的时间连词。主要的when, while, as, whenever：He jumped up when the phone rang.电话铃响时他吓了一跳。We listened while the teacher read.老师朗读时我们听着。The phone rang just as I was leaving.我正要离开，电话铃就响了起来。(2)表示“在之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after：Turn the lights off before you leave.离开前请关灯。He started the job soon after he lef

12、t the university.他大学毕业后就开始做这份工作。(3)表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till：He has lived here since he got married.他结婚后就一直住在这儿。Most men worked until till theyre 65.大多数男人工作到65岁。(4)表示“一就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no so

13、onerthan, hardlywhen等：Tell him the news as soon as you see him.你一见到他就把这消息告诉他。I recognized her the moment (that) I saw her.我一看到她就认出她来了。I want to see him the minute (that) he arrives.他一到来我就要见他。I went home directly I had finished work.我一干完活就回家了。Once he arrives, we can start.他一来我们就可以开始。(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每

14、次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)：Last time I saw him, he looked ill.上次我见到他的时候，他好像有病。Next time youre in London come and visit us.你下次来伦敦过来探望我们。Do look me up next time youre in London.你下次到伦敦来，一定来找我。Every time I call on hi

15、m, he is out.我每次去访问他，他都不在。You can call me any time you want to.你随时都可以给我打电话。【注】every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词这类连词主要有if, unless, as so long as, in case等：If anyone calls tell them Im not at home.要是有人打电话来，就说我不在家。You

16、 will fail unless you work hard.你若不努力就会失败。As So long as you need me, Ill stay.只要你需要我，我就留下。In case I forget, please remind me about it.万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。【注】在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的if之后可能用will，但那不是将来时态,而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)：If you will wait a moment, Ill fetch the money.请等一下，我就去拿钱。

17、3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要的有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等：We used the computer in order that we might save time.我们使用计算机是为了节约时间。Speak clearly so that they may understand you.说清楚，以便让他们能明白你的意思。Be quiet in case you should wake the baby.安静些，免得把婴儿吵醒。He is working hard for fear he should fail.他努力工作以免会失

18、败。4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要的有so that, sothat, suchthat等：Were all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last.我们现在都到齐了，终于能开会了。Its so difficult a question that none of us can answer it.那是一个很难的问题，我们没有一个人能回答。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.他关窗户用力很大，结果玻璃震破了。【注】so that中的that在口语中通常可以省略。

19、5.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等：He couldnt got to school because he had a cold.他因患感冒而未能去上学。Since everybody is here, lets begin our discussion.大家都到了，我们就开始吧。Seeing that it is 8 oclock, well wait no longer.由于时间已到8点，我们将不再等了。Now that you are here, you

20、d better stay.你既然来了，最好还是留下吧。6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等：Although Though he is poor, he is well contented.他虽穷却能知足常乐。Though Even though its hard work, I enjoy it.尽管是苦活，但我乐意干。Even if you dont like wine, try a glass of

21、 this.即使你不喜欢喝酒，也尝尝这杯吧。While we dont agree we continue to be friends.尽管我们意见不同，但我们还是朋友。However you use it, it wont break.不管你怎么使用，它都不会破。Whatever you say, I believe you.无论你说什么，我都相信你。Whoever telephones, tell them Im out.不管是谁打电话，都说我出去了。Whenever you come, you are welcome.你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。However much he eats,

22、he never gets fat.无论他吃多少,他都不发胖。7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要的有as, like, as if, as though, the way等：Do it as like he does.像他那样做。He behaved as if nothing had happened.他装作若无其事的样子。They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do.没有人像我这样爱你。8.引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要的有where, wherever,

23、 everywhere等：There were lots of parks where I lived.我住的地方有许多公园。Sit wherever you like.你想坐在那儿就坐在那儿。Everywhere they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们每到一个地方都受到热烈欢迎。9.引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要的有than和asas：Its easier than I thought.这比我想像的要容易。They are as often wrong as they are right.他们错对各半。10.引导名词性从句的从属连词主要的有that, if, whether：It is clear enough what he meant.他是什么意思很清楚。Your greatest fault is that you are careless.你最大的缺点是粗心大意。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。She didnt say if he was still alive.她没说他是否还活着。