第五章 代词的基本知识讲义备战高考英语零基础入门训练笔记5.docx

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1、主语宾语自己某人的东西某人的Imemyselfminemyyouyouyourselfyoursyourhehimhimselfhishissheherherselfhersheritititselfitsitsweusourselvesoursouryouyouyourselvesyoursyourtheythemthemselvestheirstheir名词（人）名词（物）形容词第五章代词的基本知识什么是代词WhatIsaPronoun?代词是替代名词、短语或句子的词替代名词IliveinChina.Sheisagreatcountry.替代短语Therearealotofbeautifu

2、lflowersinthegarden.Somearewhite,andsomearered.替代句子Weshouldrespecttheelders.Iknowthatfrommychildhood.人称代词、反身代词、物主代词主语、宾语：考察重点Ilookattheteacher.Theteacherlooksatme.Youlikecats.Catslikeyou.Hedoesnotlikecats.Catsdonotlikehim.Shehearsthecat.Thecathearsher.Itseesadog.Thedogseesit.Weseetheanimals.Theanima

3、lsseeus.Theywaveatthebus.Thebusstopsforthem.注意：宾语可以在动词后面，也可以在介词后面34注意：1、I在任何情况下都要大写2、She可以描述国家、城市或宠物，表达特殊情感3、We可以体现作者与读者之间的亲密关系4、It可以指代天气、环境、时间，还可用于形式主语、形式宾语和强调句型自己：对自己做动作，或强调本人Iamteachingmyselfcomputer.(You)Takegoodcareofyourself.Thechildhimselfdrewthispicture.Youshouldaskthechildrenthemselves.注意：自

4、己永远用在宾语，如果用在主语需要同位语某人的、某人的东西Ilovemycountry.形容词Isthisyourcar?形容词Thatcarismine(mycar),notyours(yourcar).名词Thesebooksareours(ourbooks).名词Whosebagisit?Itshers(herbag).名词YesterdayImetafriendofmine(myfriends)inthestreet.名词注意：常见错误代词性别错误Mariaismyfriend.Heisnice.Mariaismyfriend.Sheisnice.代词单复数错误Wherearemykey

5、s?Icantfindit.Wherearemykeys?Icantfindthem.代词主语冲突Mymothersheis42yearsold.Mymothersheis42yearsold.自己不能作主语Myselfdrivethecar.Imyselfdrivethecar.未使用自己Youshouldbeproudofyou.Youshouldbeproudofyourself.35未使用某人的东西MayIuseyourpen?Yourworksbetter.MayIuseyourpen?Yoursworksbetter.未使用形容词Weshouldlearnusownculture.

6、Weshouldlearnourownculture.练习：找出句中的代词，并分辨主语和宾语1.MynameisRobert.IamfromBoston.主语2.MysistercallsmeBob.ShelikesBobbetterthanRobert.宾语主语3.ShereallylikesthenameBob.Idonotlikeitverymuch.主语主语宾语4.Mysisterisateacher.Shehas28studentsnow.Sheteachesmathtothem.主语主语宾语5.Theylikeher.Sheisaverygoodteacher.主语宾语主语练习：选

7、择正确的代词1.(I/Me)livewithJoe.(He/Him)isnice.Itiseasytolivewith(he/him).2.(I/Me)dontliketests.(They/Them)areverydifficultfor(I/me).3.Thebluewhaleisabiganimal.(He/She/It)isthebiggestanimalonEarth.4.Cellphonesareveryuseful.(We/Us)canuse(they/them)formanythings.Forexample,(we/us)cancallpeople,takepictures,

8、andsendmessageswith(they/them).5.MostpeopleinSouthAmericaspeakSpanish.PeopleinBrazildonotspeakSpanish.(They/Them)speakPortuguese.(He/She/It)isnotthesameasSpanish.(It/They)aredifferentlanguages.36单数复数功能thisthese距离近、后文内容thatthose距离远、前文内容one模糊泛指前面提到事物范围中某一个that明确特指前面提到事物中同类的另一个it明确特指前面提到的事物，与前面完全相同指示代词

9、表示时间或空间上的远近关系this和these表示距离近，that和those表示距离远Thisisabook.近Thesearecars.近Iambusythesedays.近Iwasbusythosedays.远Thatisnotaroom.远Thosearetrees.远this和these指代后文即将出现的内容that和those指代前文已经提过的内容Pleaserememberthis:nopain,nogain.Igotuplate.ThatiswhyImissedthebus.重要考点：one，that和it的区别Icantfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.

10、范围的某一个Thishatisbiggerthanthatofmine.同类的另一个Icantfindmyhat.IdontknowwhereIputit.完全相同Doyouhavethatbook?Iwanttobuyone.范围的某一个Thisbookisbetterthanthatontheshelf.同类的另一个Iboughtabookyesterday.Itisinteresting.完全相同37疑问代词疑问副词who/whom提问人when提问时间what提问物where提问地点whose提问归属why提问原因which提问哪一个how提问状态疑问代词、连接代词针对名词内容进行提问

11、的，叫做疑问代词替代名词内容并连接两个分句的，叫做连接代词whom宾格可以用who代替，介词后只用whomWhoisherejustnow?Who/Whomareyoulookingfor?Towhomdidyouspeakonthecampus?whose表示“谁的”Whosearethesebooksonthedesk?Whosebooksaretheseonthedesk?what没有指定范围，which需要指定范围Whatbookdoyoulike?Whichbookdoyoulike,thisoneorthatone?疑问代词可以连接两个分句，其它代词不可以连接分句Whatwesho

12、ulddoisstillunknown.从句Iknowwhoiswaitingforyou.从句Imetmanypeopleinmytrip,eachofwhomwasnicetome.两个分句Imetmanypeopleinmytrip.Eachofthemwasnicetome.两个独立句疑问词+ever表示“无论”，用于加强语气Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo.38some-any-no-every-body-one-thingsomebody,anybody,nobody,everybodysomeone,anyone,noone,everyonesomethi

13、ng,anything,nothing,everythingall所有肯定none所有否定both两者肯定neither两者否定Illgivethetickettowhoeverwantsit.Whicheverteamgainsthemostpointswins.whenever无论何时/wherever无论何地/however无论如何不定代词不明确指代特定名词的，叫做不定代词Everybodyshouldbehereintimetomorrow.Iknownothingaboutit.ThatsallIknow.基本不定代词其它不定代词Allgoeswell.Allthestudentsa

14、rehere.Noneofthemilkisexpensive.不可数名词用单数Noneofthefilmsis/areworthseeing.可数名词单复数均可BothofuscanspeakEnglish.Neitherofuscansing.BothJessyandDavidaregoodatEnglish.两者都Neitheryounorhecanfinishtheworkinanhour.既不也不39few可数否定little不可数否定afew可数肯定alittle不可数肯定many可数许多much不可数许多some一些肯定某个any一些否定疑问任何each多者的每一个either两

15、者中任何一个another另一个不确定theother另一个确定others其它不确定theothers其它确定Fewofthebooksarecheapnow.否定Afewfriendscametoseemeyesterday.肯定Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.否定Ihavealittlemoneytobuythebook.肯定Ihavemanybookstogiveyou.Wehavemuchtosayaboutverbs.ManyofthestudentslikeEnglishverymuch.Muchoftheworkiseasy.Ihavesomeboo

16、ks.Doyouhaveanybooks?一些Thereisntanyinkinmypen.Iamgoingtogetsomeink.一些Youcancomeanytime.任何Willyouhavesomecoffee?某个Shegaveeachchildtwoapples.Eachofusmusttakeresponsibilityforourownactions.Eitherofthemwillagreetothisarrangement.两者Eitherofthetwoboysisclever.两者Thisglassisbroken.Iwantanother.Therearetwoglasses.Oneisfull.Theotherisempty.Somebelieveitistrue.Othersdoubtit.Thereare40studentsinmyclass.28areboys.Theothersaregirls.40eachother/oneanother互相Peopleshouldloveoneanother.Peopleofdifferentculturesalwayscopyeachother.学科网（北京）股份有限公司