高中英语语法复习 原因状语从句.doc

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1、高中英语语法复习宝典 原因状语从句原因状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的状语从句。一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because(因为), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由于，鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到), given (that) (考虑到)等。如：I do it because I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。As it was raining, I stayed at home.由于下雨，我便呆在家里。Since youre not interest

2、ed, I wont tell you about it.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。Now thatyou are well again, you can travel.既然价钱恢复了健康，你就可以去旅行了。How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了,还能学什么东西呢?They cant have gone out because the lights on.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Since you are goin

3、g, I will go.既然你去，我也去。Now that we are alone, we can speak freely.现在我们单独在一起，可以随便谈了。Seeing thatyoure already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。Considering hes only just started, he knows quite a lot about it.考虑到他只是刚刚开始,他对此的了解已经不少了。She can drive by herself because she

4、has passed her test.她现在可以独立开车了，因为她已经通过了驾驶考试。Given thatshe is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Im afraid we dont stock refills for pens like yours because theres little demand for them.对不起，我们没有你那种笔的笔芯，因为销路不好。The woolly shrank because it w

5、as washed badly.毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。I cant get to sleep because of the noise outside.由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。Since As weve no money, we cant buy it.由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。Seeing that its raining, wed better stay indoors.既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。Now that you are here, youd better stay.你既然来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。注意：除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属

6、连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”)：I cant tell you when you wont listen.既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。注意：considering和given还可用介词。如：Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。Givenher interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考虑到她喜欢孩子,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。表示“因为”的连词不能与表示“

7、所以”的so连用。如：译：因为他病了，所以没有出席会议。误：Because he was ill, so he didnt attend the meeting.正：He didnt attend the meeting because he was ill.正：He was ill so he didnt attend the meeting.（一）用because引导：because是引导原因状语从句最常用的连词，其意为“因为”。如：The little boy was crying because he was lost.那小孩因迷路而哭。I bought the house simpl

8、y because it was large.就是因为这所房子大我才买的。（二）用as引导：as也可以用于引导原因状语从句，意思是“由于”。如：As he is ill, he cant come to the meeting.由于生病了，他不能来参加会议。As you werent there, I left a message.由于你不在那儿，我留了个信儿。（三）用since引导：since引导原因状语从句时，意思是“既然”。如：Since you ask, I will tell you.你既然问，我就告诉你。Since you are going, I will go.既然你去，我也去

9、。（四）用now that引导：now that引导原因状语从句的意思也是“既然”。如：Now that you have come you may as well stay.既然你来了，你就留下。Now that youre growing up you must learn to stand on your own two feet.你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。（五）习惯用法：不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。如：既然你很忙，那就不必来了。误：As you are busy, so you neednt come.正：As you are busy,

10、 you neednt come.正：You are busy, so you neednt come.as是从属连词，在此引导原因状语从句；so是并列连词，在此连接一个并列句，所以误句结构混乱，应去掉其中一个。二、关于notbecause结构该结构中的否定词有时否定主句，有时否定从句，一般要根据句子的意思作出正确或合乎逻辑的理解。若not否定主句，最好在because之前用逗号，否则会引起歧义，如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释：I didnt go because I was afraid.我没有去是因为怕。/我不是因为怕才去。不过若because之前有just修饰，一般认为not是否定

11、从句的：You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。三、because习惯上不与so连用汉语习惯上说“因为所以”，但英语习惯上却不能将so与because连用：因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.四、because从句与becau

12、se of短语的转换Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of短语转换：He cant come because he is ill. / He cant come because of his illness.他因病不能来。I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wifes being there.因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。五、有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点：(1) as与since, now that一样表示双方都知

13、道的原因，通常位于主句前，且均不可用于强调结构被强调。(2)当表示直接的因果关系，回答why时，或有only, just, all, partly, not, but等副词修饰时，或用在强调结构中都只能用because。(3) for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断。(4)不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。(5)除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句，其意“既然”。如：I cant tell you when you wont listen.既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。六、t

14、hat引导原因状语分句的四种情况连词that很少用来引导原因状语从句，但在某些表示情感的不及物动词之后，that分句说明这种情感产生的原因，因而可以看作原因状语分句。例如：I rejoice that you are coming home.你要回家我很高兴。I grieve that he has lost his dear child.他失去了孩子我很悲伤。在以表示情感状态的形容词为主语补语的SVC结构中，that-分句也可以看作原因状语分句，表示这种感情所产生的原因。例如：I am pleased that you have decided to come.I am sorry (tha

15、t) I broke your pen.I am ashamed that you should be so cowardly.I was surprised that he disagreed.在not that but that结构中，that=because，从而这种that-分句也是原因状语。I havent finished writing the report yet, not that I dislike the work, but that I have not time.He always travelled third-class, not that he was so miserly, but that he wanted to go side by side with ordinary people.在下列结构中，that=as，它所引导的分句有时表示原因，有时表示让步：Coward that he was, he ran away as soon as the enemy attacked. (表原因)Coward that he was, he ran forward at the signal to attack.（表让步）