2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版选修8.doc

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1、1A A landland ofof diversitydiversity李仕才 一、阅读理解。Imagine this.You are visiting a beautiful mountain somewhere in the countryside.Part of the trip takes you up a steep mountain cliff.At the top,visitors can step out on to a seethrough walkway.The special glass floor hangs about 1,000 meters above sea

2、level.Sounds exciting,right?But then,part of the floor breaks.There is a loud noise,and some of the glass appears to break up.That is what tourists experienced recently during a visit to Yuntai Mountain in Chinas Henan province.The glass skywalk had only been open for a few weeks.The Yuntai Mountain

3、 Geological Park said there was no reason for worry and that the cracks had no impact on safety.But online discussions about this incident show some people were of a different opinion.Glass skywalks have become popular in many of Chinas tourist areas.But critics say China has an issue with poor tech

4、nology and poor crowd control.People joked online that the setting up of these glass walkways and skyways are not clear.Others are saying that this is nothing to laugh about.One comment on the social media site Weibo said,“This is no joke.Tourism is taking your life in your own hands.No more of thes

5、e glass walkways.Just too scary.”The New York Times reported that a story about the glass cracking appeared on the social media site Weibo.A tourist claimed that a piece of glass broke and people began shouting“its really broken,really broken.”This person then said people began running and pushing p

6、eople in front of them.2The Yuntai Mountain officials said the cracks were not serious.The officials said that to make sure people feel 100 percent safe,they have decided to close the walkway temporarily until repairs are made.1.What is unique about the walkway?A.It is strong enough to walk on.B.It

7、hangs high about sea level.C.It lies high on the mountain.D.It is made of glass.2.What happened to the glass walkway built in Yuntai Mountain?A.Some part of it broke.B.It broke up with a loud noise.C.Part of the floor fell off.D.It hurt some tourists on it.3.How did the Yuntai Mountain Geological Pa

8、rk think of its present glass walkway?A.Dangerous.B.Safe.C.Worrying.D.Interesting.4.How will the park deal with its glass walkway?A.Rebuild it.B.Remove it.C.Have it repaired.D.Leave it as it is.参考答案： 1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C解析： 1.细节理解题。人行道由玻璃制造,与众不同,非常奇特。由第一段最后两句得出。 2.推理判断题。河南云台山建的玻璃桥有部分发生破裂。由第二段得出。 3.细节理

9、解题。云台山地质公园认为,目前玻璃人行道是安全的。由第三段第二句得出。 4.细节理解题。公园方面表示要修复玻璃通道。由最后一段最后一句得出。 二、单句语法填空1They are likely _ (fire) by the company just because of their 3fault.答案：to be fired Sb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事” 。主语 they 与fire 之间为被动关系，故应填不定式的被动形式。2The majority of the interviewees _ (prefer) watching TV at home t

10、o going to the cinema.答案：prefer the majority of . 作主语时，谓语动词的数与 of 后的名词保持一致。由 interviewees 可知谓语动词应用复数形式。3It suddenly occurred _ him that he should adopt the homeless child.答案：to It (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that . “某人突然想起某事” 。4Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _ (punish)答案：p

11、unishment 句中动词 receive 后缺宾语，故应填名词 punishment 作宾语。5We should not have _ (race) discrimination.答案：racial 句中缺少一形容词来修饰名词 discrimination, 故填 racial “种族的” 。6She became the first black woman _ (elect) to the Senate.答案：to be elected 当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，则常用动词不定式来充当其后置定语，且 elect 与 black woman 之间为被动关系，故填 to be

12、elected。7He couldnt express himself correctly _ means of words.答案：by by means of . “借助于；用；通过方法” 。8She _ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake.答案：slipped 句意：她趁别人还没醒，溜出了房子。分析句子结构可知该空为句子的谓语动词，由从句中动词时态 were 可知，应用一般过去时。9_ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current driving lice

13、nse.答案：To hire 句意：若想租车，你需要出示护照及当前驾照。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。10By the time she knew the news, John _ (fly) to America.答案：had flown 由 By the time 引导的从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句应用过去完成时，故应填 had flown。三、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最4佳选项。Sixyearold Matthew Parker was in need of a kidney (肾) transplant，and

14、 his family looked all over the country for a suitable donor.Up to 80 people signed up to _1_ a living organ to the firstgrader.Coincidentally，the person chosen to donate a kidney to Matthew was his _2_，Lindesy Painter.Matthew had been on the transplant machine for a _3_ time and developed antibodie

15、s (抗体) to most kidneys，so it was _4_ to find a match for him.The doctor had _5_ the family to be“realistic”and used the term“needle in a haystack”several times.When _6_ were asked to be tested，Painter was the first one to sign up._7_ the teacher learned the results，she had to get several _8_ done.Sh

16、e was _9_ when she got a call back saying she was a“_10_ match” Painter didnt make the _11_ lightly.She knew that Matthew needs a kidney，and she had pity _12_ anyone going through this.It was especially difficult for her to _13_ the condition _14_ one of her two sons.“I watch my healthy，_15_，loud，wi

17、ld children running around， ”she said.“Matthew deserves to _16_ a normal，healthy，active life like my boys.”Matthew was so excited to _17_ that his teacher would be donating a kidney to him that he hugged her.His mother was _18_ grateful to Lindsey Painter，saying her sons donor was a“selfless”and“giv

18、ing person”for _19_ her son.The _20_ for the kidney donation took place in the following month.Matthews mother said， “My sons new kidney means a special bond between student and teacher that goes far beyond the classroom.”1A.give up Bgive offCgive in Dgive down2A.mother BdeskmateCfriend Dteacher3A.l

19、ong BshortClimited Dgood4A.easy BdifficultCconvenient Dquick5A.accused Bstopped5Cwarned Dblamed6A.students BdoctorsCnurses Dvolunteers7A.After BBeforeCWhen DUntil8A.tests BpreparationsClessons Dworries9A.frightened BpleasedCastonished Dannoyed10A.eager BrareCcommon Dperfect11A.progress BpracticeCmis

20、take Ddecision12A.for BonCto Din13A.imagine BpretendCsupport Dwaste14A.threatening BoccurringCaffecting Dinforming15A.passive BactiveCtiring Dboring16A.suffer BsurviveCbear Dlive17A.feel BlearnCwonder Dsuppose18A.deeply BcrazilyCnoisily Dquietly19A.sharing BbeatingCsaving Ddiscovering20A.operations

21、BpackagesCstories Dstruggles【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。六岁的 Matthew Parker 需要合适的肾源做肾移植手术。巧合的是，在这些愿意捐肾的志愿者当中，Matthew Parker 的老师是最佳人选。学生和老师被这个肾脏紧密联系在一起。61A 考查动词短语辨析。根据文章第一句中的“in need of a kidney(肾) transplant”可知，Matthew Parker 需要做肾脏移植手术，因此这里指有 80 个人愿意捐肾。give up 意为“放弃，让与” ，在此处指“捐出” ，符合语境。故选 A。2D 考查名词辨析。根据倒数第二段第一句中的

22、“his teacher would be donating a kidney to him”可知，被选定捐肾的人是 Matthew Parker 的老师。故选 D。3A 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“developed antibodies (抗体) to most kidneys”以及下文医生的警告可知，Matthew Parker 已经等了很长时间了。long 意为“长的” ，符合语境。故选 A。4B 考查形容词辨析。根据下一句“The doctor had _ the family to berealistic and used the termneedle in a haystack

23、 several times.”可知，很难找到合适的肾源。difficult 意为“困难的” ，符合语境。故选 B。5C 考查动词辨析。根据医生所说的内容可知，医生是在警告和提醒他们。warn 意为“提醒，警告” ，符合语境。故选 C。6D 考查名词辨析。根据第一段第二句“Up to 80 people signed up to _ a living organ to the firstgrader.”可知，此处指这些志愿者被要求做配型试验。volunteer 意为“志愿者” ，符合语境。故选 D。7B 考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指老师在得知配型试验的结果之前。before 意为“在之前

24、” ，符合语境。故选 B。8A 考查名词辨析。根据第三段第一句中的“When _ were asked to be tested”可知，老师在得知结果之前，已经做了几次配型试验。test 意为“试验” ，符合语境。故选 A。9C 考查形容词辨析。根据上文可知，老师之前做过配型试验，但都没有成功，因此当得知这次配型成功时，老师应该会很惊讶。astonished 意为“感到惊讶的” ，符合语境。故选 C。10D 考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，做配型试验是为了找到最合适的肾源。perfect 意为“最佳的，合适的” ，符合语境。故选 D。11D 考查名词辨析。根据下文可知，Painter 并不是轻率

25、地就做了这个决定。make decision 意为“做决定” ，符合语境。故选 D。12B 考查固定搭配。have pity on. 是固定搭配，意为“同情” 。故选 B。13A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指 Painter 很难想象自己的两个儿子也碰到类似的状况，因为她的孩子并没有患病。imagine 意为“想象，假设” ，符合语境。故选A。14C 考查动词辨析。此处指 Painter 很难想象这种状况会影响自己的儿子。affect意为“影响” ，符合语境。故选 C。715B 考查形容词辨析。空格处和“healthy”并列，应为褒义词。active 意为“活跃的，充满活力的” ，符合语

26、境。故选 B。16D 考查动词辨析。live a. life 是固定搭配，意为“过着的生活” 。故选 D。17B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，当 Matthew 得知是自己的老师要给他捐肾时，他非常激动。learn 意为“获悉，得知” ，符合语境。故选 B。18A 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，Matthew 的母亲非常感激 Painter 老师。deeply 意为“很，非常” ，表示程度。故选 A。19C 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Painter 老师捐出自己的肾脏，挽救了Matthew 的生命。save 意为“挽救” 。符合语境。故选 C。20A 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指在接下来

27、的这个月，Matthew 要做肾脏移植 手术。operation 意为“手术” ，符合语境。故选 A。 四、单句改错1This is believed that hard work can lead to success._答案：ThisIt It is believed that . “人们相信” ，其中 it 为形式主语。2An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park._答案：occurred 后加 to sth. occurs/occurred to sb. “某人突然想起某事” 。3A great many of people g

28、ain a great deal of information from the Internet._答案：去掉第一个 of a great/good many 直接修饰可数名词复数，只有当名词前有限定词 the/these/those/ones 等时，才用 a great/good many of 短语。4We regret to inform you that our company has hired on another girl for the job of secretary._答案：去掉 on hire “雇用；租用” ，为及物动词，后面不需加介词。5They will carr

29、y out the plan in this means._答案：inby by this means “用这种方法” 。五、七选五HowHow toto UseUse SocialSocial MediaMedia PositivelyPositively8Nowadays so common is social media in our society that almost everyone is connected to some form of it, whether it is Twitter, Facebook or even Pinterest.We are in a fast

30、paced, technologically evolving society and we are addicted to social media.1. So how does one ensure a positive online reputation? Its simple：Keep it clean.Party photos with alcohol are an absolute nono.Would you want to have your boss see these photos? 2. Make sure to post contents that you feel p

31、ositively reflect you，your creativity and your skills.3 You have a private Twitter account so can you post anything you want? This is decidedly not the case.Privacy settings make it harder to see your full account, but its not impossible.Under no circumstance should you rely on privacy settings as a

32、 way to protect inappropriate contents.Ensure youre careful and professional.Keep it classy (优等的)! Discover your brand, or what you want people to think of you.Proper spelling and grammar is always a plus, but it may not be your brand. 4. In this way, you can earn approval.Follow these simple rules

33、and youre on your way to building, or restoring an online reputation.Using social media positively doesnt mean you cant have fun and use it to express yourself; however，you want to ensure that youre OK with anyone seeing everything you post. 5. So your post can get your friends active and happy.Like

34、 it or not, your social networks reflect youmake sure you look like the shining star that you truly are.ATry to do everything as well as you can.BIn fact ，we long for social media and need it.CSocial media is very fast to use but very difficult.DDont trust privacy settings at all.EBe entirely sure a

35、bout what youre posting.FOnce you click post, theres no looking back.GMake sure your post is written personally.9【解题导语】 如今，几乎每个人都与社交媒体有某种程度的联系，而本文就如何积极利用社交媒体提出了几条建议。1B B 解析：根据设空前的“We are in a fastpaced，technologically evolving society and we are addicted to social media.”可知，在这个快节奏的、技术不断发展的社会中，我们都痴迷于

36、社交媒体，下文就如何在社交媒体保持积极的网络信誉提出了几点建议，故 B 项(事实上，我们渴望和需要社交媒体。)符合语境。2E E 解析：根据设空后的“Make sure to post contents that you feel positively reflect you，your creativity and your skills.”可知，此处指要确保你发出的帖子能够反映你积极的一面，即要确保你发帖子的内容。故选 E 项。3D D 解析：设空处为本段的主题句，根据本段出现的 private，Privacy settings及最后一句“Under no circumstance shou

37、ld you rely on privacy settings.”可知，本段是在提醒人们不要完全指望隐私设置。故选 D 项，该选项中的 privacy settings 与之呼应。4A A 解析：根据本段主题句“Ensure youre careful and professional.”及本段中的“Discover your brand.Proper spelling and grammar.”可知，我们要尽力把每一方面都做好。故选 A 项。5F F 解析：根据设空前的“however，you want to ensure that youre OK with anyone seeing everything you post”可知，你要确保任何人看到你所发出的东西都可以接受，与 F 项(帖子一旦发出，就不能收回了)形成对比。