16高中英语语法 连词.pdf

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1、1 16 6高高中中英英语语语语法法 连连词词-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One11616 连词连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。（一）并列连词：并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既又），both and（不但而且），not only but also（不但而且），not but（不是而是），neither no

2、r（既不也不），either or（不是就是），or（或者），but（但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both mybrother and my sister are teachers./His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./He can not only repair radios but also fix them./It is a glorious（光荣的）yetdifficult task./Strike while iron is hot.（二）从属连词从属连词是指在复

3、合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：引导时间状语从句的：after,before,when,as,while,since,until,till,as soonas引导原因状语从句的：because,since,as引导让步状语从句的：although,though,no matter（无论）,even if(though)引导条件状语从句的：if,unless,once,so(as)long as引导结果状语从句的：so that,such that 引导目的状语从句的：so that,in order that 引导比较状语从句的：as as,not so(as)as,than 引导方

4、式状语从句的：as if 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that,whether,if 三个。其中that 和 whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。（三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当 while,when,as 引导时间状语从句时的区别：while 引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用 when 代替，等于 at the time that,during the time that。例如：Please keep quiet while(when)others are studying；when

5、除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于 at the time，也就是说 when 引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的，也可以延续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时，进行时，或完成时。例如：When I went into the lab,the teacherwas doing an experiment.（when 不能换成 while）He often makes mistakes whenhe is speaking English.（when 可换成 while）as 常可与 when，while 通用，但强调一边、一边。例如：As(when,while)I was

6、 walking down the street,Inoticed a police car in front of number 37.when 引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，主、谓是主语 系动词结构时，这时主语和系动词可以省略。例如：When(he was)young,he worked for a rich man./Shell be here to give you helpwhen(if it is)necessary.when 有时代替 if，引导条件句，意为如果、假如，例如：Ill come when(if)Im free.2 2、before 作连词一般表示时间，意为在

7、之前，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。试看以下句子的翻译：He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他几乎把我撞倒才看见我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我还没来得及插话，他已经给我量好了尺寸。3、till,until 作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为 not until(till)，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为直到才。用于肯定句时，只与延续性动词连用，表示到为止。例如：Theyplayed volleyball until(till)it got

8、 dark./They didnt talk（延续性动词）until(till)theinterpreter（译员）came./He didnt go to bed（非延续性动词）until(till)the hisfather came back.；until 可以放在句首，till 则不行，例如：Until the last minuteof the match we kept on playing./Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒装）；till,until 只用于时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the

9、 edge ofthe forest.（要用 as far as 或 to）。4、because,since,as 引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用 because,因此 because 引导的从句往往放在句末。用why 提问的句子，一定用 because 回答。例如：He had to stay at home yesterdaybecause he was ill.；如原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或 since。since 比 as 更正式些。as 和 since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As you are tir

10、ed,you had better rest./Since everyone is here,now letsbegin.5、although 和 though 引导让步状语从句往往用法一样，但注意以下区别：although 用于各种文体，而 though 则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由 although,though 引导的从句后，主句不能用 but，但可用副词 yet,still。例如：Although/Though it rained all the morning,they still went on working.（或yet they went on working）tho

11、ugh 常与 even 连用，even though 表示强调，意为即使，但不能说 even although，例如：Even though I didnt understand aword,I dept smiling.though 可用作副词，意为然而，常用逗号与句子分开。although 则不能这样使用，它只作连词。例如：It was a quiet party,I had a goodtime,though.6、once 作副词译曾经，作为连词译一旦，引导条件状语从句。相当于if 的加强形式。例如：I dont believe he was once a thief.(once 这里是

12、副词)/Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than lightobjects,he taught it as a truth to his students.(once 连词)7、unless 引导条件状语从句等于 if not。例如：Hell accept the jobunless the salary is too low.(=Hell accept the job if the salary is not too low.)8、在用 as if 引导的方式状语从句及表语从句

13、中，根据情况要使用虚拟语气。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it.但有时也可用直陈语气。例如：Itlooks as if it is going to rain.9、whether,if 引导从句的用法区别：引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用 whether，不用 if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wall isnot known./The question is whether we can finish the task on time./The questionwhether we will ta

14、ke part in the physics contest has not been decided.whether 可接不定式，而 if 则不可。例如：I havent decided whether to leave or not.whether 可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调，而 if 则不可。例如：Everything3depends on whether we have enough money./Whether he will come,I am not sure.whether 和 if 均可引导宾语从句，whether 引导的宾语从句一般都是肯定句，if 引导的宾语从句可以

15、是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此时不能用whether），例如：Could you tell us whether/if it rains in winter in Australia/Iwonder if it doesnt rain.引导宾语从句的 whether 和 if 常可与 or not 连用。连用时要注意 or not 的位置，它一般与 whether、if 分开使用，有时它可与whether 合起来使用，但不能与 if 合起来使用。例如：I dont know whether/ifthey will come or not./I dont know whether or not t

16、hey will come.if 可用来引导条件状语从句，译如果，whether 则不行。例如：If you work hard,you aresure to succeed.10、as 作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。as 引导时间状语从句，意为当时。例如：As(he was)a young man,he was a storekeeper and later apostmaster./He sang as he worked.as 引导方式状语从句，意为象一样。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us.as 引导原因状语从句。意为由于，例如：As you a

17、re tired,you had better rest.as 引导让步状语从句。意为虽然、尽管Child as he is,he can do it well.(=Although he is a child,he can do itwell.)另外，as 做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，如：I have the same book asyou.练习、连词1.He is very old,_ he still works very hard.A.but B.if C.when D.as2._ you are dismissed.A.Neither you go nor B.Either yo

18、u go or C.Whether you go or D.Both you goand3.They had camped once before,_ they knew what to take.A.because B.now C.so D.since4.Why these things happened was _ the driver had been careless.A.because of B.owing to C.due to D.that5.Although,its raining,_are still working in the fields.A.they B.but th

19、ey C.and they D.so they6._we have satisfied you,you have no grounds of complaint.A.So B.Since that C.Now that D.By now.7.Write clearly _ your teacher can understand.you correctly.A.since B.for C.because D.so that8.Youll miss the train _ you hurry up.A.unless B.as C.if D.until9.Francis did the task_

20、his brother.A.as good as B.as better as C.as well asD.as best as10.The size of the audience,_ we had expected,was well over twentythousand.A.as B.what C.that D.whom11.I thought he hated the TV.You are right,_ he still watches the program.A.yet B.besides C.also D.then12.It looks _ its going to rain.A

21、.that B.as C.as if D.like that13._ to New York,her father has not heard from her.A.Because she went B.After she went C.When she went D.Since she went414._he daydreamed,Peter saw figures in the sky.A.Until B.Since C.While D.During15.We arrived at the station _ the train had left.A.after B.before C.si

22、nce D.when16._ he was in poor health,he worked just as hard as everyone else.A.But B.Although C.Even if D.If17.Give me one more minute _ Ill have finished.A.so B.until C.and D.when18.The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,_ he could not findany work.A.and B.yet C.or D.and but19.Hurry up,_

23、 youll be late.A.or B.and C.so D.yet20.Do not make the same mistake _ I did.A.so B.as C.like D.that21.My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now.A.however B.or C.so D.otherwise22.We should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture.A.either,or B.neither,nor C.not,but D.both,and23.He ran off_ I could stop him.A.before B.after C.since D.when24._ you told me,I had heard nothing of what happened.A.Till B.Until C.After D.Since25.Where have you been _ you left home A.before B.as C.since D.when15 ABCDA 610 CDACA 1115 ACDBA 1620 BCBAB 2125 CDABC5