2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 2 Working the land（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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1、1UnitUnit 2 2 WorkingWorking thethe landland李仕才 一、阅读理解 In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good healthVitaminDThis important vitamin strengthens bones a

2、nd teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other lifethreatening diseases.The recommended daily requirement is 400600 International Units (IU). In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adeq

3、uate amounts of Vitamin DEven during winter, just a 10minute walk at midday can keep the bodys Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Sal

4、mon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks(蛋黄)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it.To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time，many chi

5、ldren were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency(缺乏)of VitaminDIt made the childrens bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem, and it has been available ever since.For people who still need more Vitamin D, there is another option；Take Vitami

6、n D supplements(补充物)These products are widely sold in stores.However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first.【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普文，主要介绍了维生素 D 的一些情况。21During the winter months，people_ Aarent able to meet their deadlinesBoften dont dress warmly enoughCgenerally like to remain

7、indoorsDleave lots of work for others to do C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.”可知，在冬天人们愿意待在室内。2According to the text，Vitamin D_ Acan be obtained by being exposed to the sun Bcan be used to cure lif

8、ethreatening diseasesCcan be mainly found in some milk productsDcan make the childrens bones soft and weakA 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素 D 可以通过晒太阳获得，故选 A。3Why is salmon mentioned in this article?AIts seldom prepared in the correct way.BIts a useful addition to a persons diet.CIt has a huge impact

9、 on the environment.DIts advantages have been exaggerated.B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素 D 的食物，因此对我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选 B。4The main purpose of this article is _ Ato introduce a valuable nutrient Bto advertise Vitamin D supplementsCto note risks associated with a nutrientDto explain how a nutrient was discov

10、eredA 解析：写作意图题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分维生素 D。 二、单句语法填空1(2017江苏高考)_(determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.答案：Determining 分析句子结构可知，应用动名词短语作主语，即本句中Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings 作主语，remains 是谓语动词。32The _(produce) of coff

11、ee beans is a huge, profitable business.答案：production 由设空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知，应填所给词的名词形式。production “生产；制造” 。3Nowadays, children have more _(free); they can do whatever they like.答案：freedom freedom 名词“自由” ，在本句中作宾语。4Cats can help rid the home _mice.答案：of rid . of “使摆脱或除去” 。5A heavy fire reduced 90 perce

12、nt of the houses _ashes.答案：to reduce . to . “使沦为” 。6I bitterly _(regret) that I had missed the wonderful film.答案：regretted 所填词由 bitterly(副词)修饰，且由从句中 had missed 可知，此处用动词的一般过去时。7It is _(disturb) to think about so much work to do.答案：disturbing disturbing “令人不安的” ，在句中作表语。8The discovery of new evidence l

13、ed to the thiefs _(catch)答案：being caught 本句中，lead to 后接名词或动名词(短语)，且 the thief 和catch 存在被动关系，故填 being caught，即动名词的被动结构，作 lead to 的宾语。9I am not _(satisfy) with the way he cut my hair.答案：satisfied be satisfied with . 为固定短语，意为“对感到满意” 。10Though he is young, he is struggling _(support) a large family.答案：t

14、o support struggle to do sth. “努力做某事” 。三、完形填空 When you give thanks for help，everyone benefits.And the _1_ will last longer than youd expect：researchers have found that writing thankyou notes raises peoples _2_ levels for up to six months.“If you express gratitude in a diary，it makes you happier，but

15、if you _3_ it with the person who helped you，it has the _4_ to bring you two closer together， ”says researcher Jeff Tsang.Lawyer John Kralik experienced this personally.Hed been feeling depressed and _5_ about his life：Hed been divorced and wasnt _6_ with his children.He felt tired from the _7_ hour

16、s he devoted to work.At a/an _8_ low point，he remembered his grandfather telling him about the importance of 4_9_.He decided to write 365 thankyou notes over 365 days，hoping for a/an _10_ change.Immediately，he noticed his _11_ begin to improve.“The first effects are that you realise that your life i

17、s much better than you thought and you become more positive， ”Kralik says of his _12_ acts of expressing thanks._13_ by Kraliks experience，I decided to try the _14_ myself.I chose someone from my past whom Id _15_ thanked before：my wonderful highschool English teacher.I wasnt sure if Id be able to _

18、16_ him，but eventually I found where he lived.In my letter，I thanked him for the _17_ and support that hed given me years earlier.I may never hear from him _18_，but that isnt the _19_.The letter helped me _20_ my life，and Ive been happy now for months.1A.time BthoughtsCeffects Drelationship2A.educat

19、ion BhappinessCincome Dhealth3A.share BcompleteCcompare Dleave4A.method BdesireCenergy Dpotential5A.discouraged BdishonestCimpatient Dsurprised6A.bored BstrictCclose Dhonest7A.limited BvaluableCdelightful Dlong8A.importantly BparticularlyCphysically Dexactly9A.forgiveness BachievementCgratefulness D

20、patience10A.positive BunexpectedCpossible Dinstant11A.wealth BattitudeCposition Dcompetence512A.generous BstrangeCbrave Dsimple13A.Struck BInspiredCShocked DInvited14A.idea BbeliefCletter Dtest15A.nearly BfrequentlyCalready Dnever16A.remember BrecogniseClocate Dreward17A.degree BmoneyCgift Dguidance

21、18A.in advance Bin publicCin return Din person19A.case BpointCfact Dsolution20A.appreciate BunderstandCface Dreview【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过亲身经历告诉我们这样一个道理：当你对别人表达出感谢之情时，你会变得更快乐。1C 考查名词辨折。根据“benefits”并结合第一段可知，此处指感谢别人对自己的影响要比你预想的长久。C 项意为“效果，影响” ，符合语境。A 项意为“时间” ；B 项意为“想法” ；D 项意为“关系” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 C。2B 考查名词辨

22、析。根据语境可知，此处指写感谢信可以提高人们的幸福水平。B项意为“幸福” ，符合语境。A 项意为“教育” ；C 项意为“收入” ；D 项意为“健康” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 B。3A 考查动词辨析。根据此句中的“bring you two closer together”可知，此处指与帮助你的人分享这件事。share sth.with sb.意为“与某人分享某物” ，符合语境。B项意为“完成，实现” ；C 项意为“比较” ；D 项意为“离开” ，均与语境不符。故答案选A。4D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指如果你与帮助你的人一起分享感激之情，这就有可能将你们两人之间的距离拉近。D 项意为

23、“可能性，潜能” ，符合语境。A 项意为“方法” ；B 项意为“欲望” ；C 项意为“精力” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 D。5A 考查形容词辨折。根据该句中的“feeling depressed”可知，此处应用6“discouraged”与“depressed”并列，指他对生活感到沮丧。 A 项意为“泄气的” ，符合语境。B 项意为“不诚实的” ；C 项意为“没有耐心的” ；D 项意为“感到惊讶的” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 A。6C 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“Hed been divorced”可知，他已经离婚了，并且与孩子也不亲近。C 项意为“亲近的，亲密的” ，符合语境。A 项意为“

24、无聊的” ；B 项意为“严格的” ；D 项意为“诚实的” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 C。7D 考查形容词辨析。根据“felt tired from”可推知，此处指因为长时间的工作，所以他感到疲劳。D 项意为“长的” ，符合语境。A 项意为“有限的” ；B 项意为“有价值的”；C 项意为“高兴的” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 D。8B 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，他离婚了，和孩子也不亲近，而且工作辛苦，所以这是他人生的低谷。B 项意为“尤其，特别” ，符合语境。A 项意为“重要地” ；C 项意为“身体上” ；D 项意为“恰恰，正好” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 B。9C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“

25、He decided to write 365 thankyou notes”可知，此处指他记起祖父告诉过他感激的重要性。C 项意为“感激” ，符合语境。A 项意为“原谅” ；B 项意为“成就” ；D 项意为“耐心” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 C。10A 考查形容词辨析。根据下一段第二句中的“you become more positive”可知，此处指他希望通过这种方式获得一个积极的改变。A 项意为“积极的” ，符合语境。B 项意为“出人意料的” ；C 项意为“可能的” ；D 项意为“立即的” ，均与语境不符。故答案选A。11B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，这位律师正处于人生的低谷时期，然后

26、通过写感谢信使得他的态度开始改善。B 项意为“态度” ，符合语境。A 项意为“财富” ；C 项意为“位置” ；D 项意为“能力” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 B。12D 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“expressing thanks”可知，写感谢信只是表达感谢的一个简单的行为。D 项意为“简单的” ，符合语境。A 项意为“慷慨的” ；B 项意为“奇怪的” ；C 项意为“勇敢的” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 D。13B 考查动词辨析。根据下文可知， “我”也决定写感谢信了。由此推断出， “我”是受了 Kralik 的经历的鼓舞。B 项意为“鼓舞，激励” ，符合语境。故答案选 B。14A 考查名词辨

27、析。根据语境可知， “我”决定亲自试试这个想法。A 项意为“想法，主意” ，符合语境。B 项意为“信念” ；C 项意为“信” ；D 项意为“测试” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 A。15D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知， “我”不知道这位高中英语老师的地址，所以他是“我”以前从未感谢过的人。D 项意为“从未” ，符合语境。A 项意为“几乎” ；B 项意为“经常” ；C 项意为“已经” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 D。16C 考查动词辨析。根据“but eventually I found where he lived”可知，此7处指“我”不知道是否能够找到他。C 项意为“找出的准确位置” ，符合语境。

28、A 项意为“记得” ；B 项意为“认出” ；D 项意为“奖励，奖赏” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 C。17D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知， “我”感谢的对象是“我”的一位高中英语老师，所以“我”应是感谢他给予“我”的指导和帮助。D 项意为“指导” ，符合语境。A 项意为“程度，等级” ；B 项意为“金钱” ；C 项意为“礼物” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 D。18C 考查介词短语辨析。根据常识可知， “我”写感谢信给多年前的老师，而老师不一定会回信给“我” 。C 项意为“作出回应” ，符合语境。A 项意为“提前” ；B 项意为“公开地” ；D 项意为“亲自” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 C。19B

29、考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Ive been happy now for months”可知，“我”快乐了几个月，所以此处指老师是否回信不是重点。B 项意为“重点，要点” ，符合语境。A 项意为“事例” ；C 项意为“事实” ；D 项意为“解决方法” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 B。20A 考查动词辨析。联系全文的内容可知，文章主要是关于表达出感谢可以给自己带来快乐，所以此处指这封感谢信帮助“我”感激“我”的生活， “我”为此快乐了几个月。A 项意为“感激” ，符合语境。B 项意为“理解” ；C 项意为“面对” ；D 项意为“回顾” ，均与语境不符。故答案选 A。四、单句改错1They focu

30、sed all their attention to finding a solution to the problem._答案：第一个 toon focus ones attention on (doing) sth.“集中精力(做)某事” 。2They equipped with two sharp axes and set off for the forest._答案：They 后加 were 或 equipped 后加 themselves be equipped with 和 equip oneself with . “配备有” 。3Some people say that Chin

31、ese tend to be satisfying with what they have._答案：satisfyingsatisfied be satisfied with “对感到满意” ，主语通常为人。4Thanks for the success of the business, we can afford a holiday this year._答案：forto thanks to “多亏了；由于” 。85She would rather to buy her clothes through the Internet than in the supermarket._答案：去掉 t

32、o would rather do A than do B “比起做 B 更愿意做 A” 。五、短文改错 My favorite sport is playing basketball.In the middle school，I joined in the basketball team.All the teammate practised hard after school.Once our team had match against another schools.At the very beginning，we were so nervous which we couldnt coo

33、perate very good.Because this was the first time for us to compete with the school honor.In the half match they fell behind.Our team leader calls us together and said that we must get uniting in order to beat them.Then we tried our best and won the game at last.Play basketball makes me realize the i

34、mportance of union and teamwork.【答案】My favorite sport is playing basketball.In the middle school，I joined the basketball team.All the practised hard after school.Once inteammateteammatesour team had match against another schools.At the very beginning，we were aso nervous we couldnt cooperate very .Be

35、cause this was the first whichthatgoodwelltime for us to compete the school honor.In the half match fell withfortheywebehind.Our team leader us together and said that we must get in callscalledunitingunitedorder to beat them.Then we tried our best and won the game at last. PlayPlayingbasketball make

36、s me realize the importance of union and teamwork.第一处：删除 in。考查固定搭配。join 后接某个组织，表示加入该组织，此时 join为及物动词；join in 通常指参加某项活动。由该句中的 team 可知，该处用 join。第二处：teammate 改为 teammates。考查名词的复数。根据该句中的 All 可知，该处的可数名词 teammate 应当用复数形式。第三处：had 后加 a。考查不定冠词。有一次我们的篮球队和另外一个学校的篮球队进行了一场比赛。该处泛指“一场比赛” ，故用不定冠词 a。第四处：which 改为 that

37、。考查固定句型。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了固定句型“so.that.” ，表示“如此以至于” 。9第五处：good 改为 well。考查副词。cooperate 为动词，修饰该动词应当用副词，故用副词 well。第六处：with 改为 for。考查介词。compete for sth.为固定搭配，意为“为竞争” ，该处指“为学校的荣誉而战” ，故用介词 for。第七处：they 改为 we。考查人称代词。根据语境可知，此处陈述的是我们参加篮球赛的过程，故用人称代词 we。第八处：calls 改为 called。考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“said” ，并结合语境可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。第九处：uniting 改为 united。get 在此为连系动词，表示“变得，达到” ，后跟形容词 united，get united 意为“团结起来” 。第十处：Play 改为 Playing。考查动名词。由动词 makes 可知，该处应用动名词短语作主语，故用 Playing。