教育专题：非谓语动词做题技巧1.ppt

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1、1.to do 2.-ing 3.done我是非谓，向你微笑，我是非谓，向你微笑，三大形式不同概念请三大形式不同概念请你记好；我是非谓，你记好；我是非谓，把你拥抱，答题三看把你拥抱，答题三看主语关系请你看好；主语关系请你看好；主动啊被动最重要，主动啊被动最重要，搭配啊搭配莫混淆，搭配啊搭配莫混淆，阅读啊写作都有非谓，阅读啊写作都有非谓，学好啊非谓学好啊非谓我水平提我水平提高。高。动词不定式动词不定式动词动词-ing 形式形式动词过去分词动词过去分词一般式一般式to dodoingdone一般被动式一般被动式to be donebeing done完成式完成式to have donehaving

2、 done完成被动式完成被动式to have been donehaving been done进行式进行式to be doing非谓语动词的形式（以非谓语动词的形式（以do为例）为例）二、找逻辑主语二、找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一、一、辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态（一）分析句子结构（一）分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓语与非谓语谓语与非谓语”1._many times,but he still couldnt understand it.2._many

3、 times,he still couldnt understand it.A.A.Having been told B.B.Being told C.He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A注意连词注意连词3.It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.4._ a rainy day;we decided not to go there.A.is B.to be C.beingD.It being E.It was F.beenCE注意标点符号注意标点符号1.Tom returned from the managers

4、office,telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2.The news meeting,to be held in that hall,has already been crowded with reporters.3.Having reached the very peak of the Everest,the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind.4.He keeps buying expensive maps.5.I heard the girl singing in

5、the classroom.6.The man talking with my father is Mr.Wang.7.As soon as she entered the room,the girl caught sight of the flowers bought by her mother.8.To live is to struggle.(生活就是斗争。生活就是斗争。)找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做

6、逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语（二）找逻辑主语1.Walking along the street one day,she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.4.Convinced of the truth of the reports,he told his colleagues about it.一一般来说，作般来说，作状语状语的非谓语动词的逻辑

7、主语是句子的主的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；语；作作宾补宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作作定语定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。A.to take B.taking C.to be taken D.takenD B1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration,they ought to have another chance.Everythingthey（三）分析

8、语态（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动主动还是还是被动被动关系。关系。1.“You cant catch me!”Jane shouted,_ away.A.run B.running C.to run D.ran 2._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police.A.Having lost B.Lost C.Being lost D.Losing

9、Jane the two students（四）（四）分析时态分析时态1.The building _now will be a restaurant.2.The building _ next year will be a restaurant.3.The building _last year is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D.built _C_B_DHomework:完成大本完成大本P193非谓语动非谓语动词专题练习词专题练习Thank you!一一.非谓语动词的非谓语动词的 七大经典原则七

10、大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则三：用作结果状语时，可用原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式或不定式原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与 主句主主句主语保持一致语保持一致原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式式原则七：用于

11、名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生尚未发生;用用-ing，表示动作正在进行，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义作已经发生，同时表示被动意义英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.A.training B.being trained

12、 C.to have trained D.to be trained【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以 要用不定式，因此可排除要用不定式，因此可排除 A 和和 B。另外，由于。另外，由于“他他”与与“训练训练”为被动关系，故选为被动关系，故选 D。1.如：如：She got up very early to catch up the first bus.2._ this cake，youll need 2 eggs，175 g sugar and 175 g flour.A.Having made B.Make C.To

13、 make D.Making to catch up the first bus.3.As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _，and asked myself what I was going to do.A.moved B.moving C.to move D.Being moved4.He sat _ to her _ the stairs.A.to listen;to climb B.listening;to climb C.listening;climb D.listening;to climbing【解析】【解析】li

14、sten是伴随是伴随sat而同时由主语而同时由主语he发出的，所以用发出的，所以用-ing 作伴随状语；作伴随状语；listen to 后跟不带后跟不带to的不定式的不定式/-ing作宾补。作宾补。【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当 时持续了一会时持续了一会 儿，故用儿，故用-ing。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，心想自己该怎么办。心想自己该怎么办。原则二：原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing-ing.listen to do/doing 原则三

15、：用作结果状语时，可用原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用一般用-ing-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。意料之中。不定式不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。意料之外。5.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day.A.to let B.letting C.let

16、 D.having let 【解析【解析 此处用此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。表示自然而然的结果。如：如：It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in that place.6.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B.reaching C.to reach D.to be reaching 8.He hurried to the booking

17、office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 7.He hurried to the station,only _ that the train had left.A.to find B.finding C.found D.to have found【解析【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。在此表示出人意料的结果。原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作

18、尚未发生，则用不定式的被动但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing-ing的被动式的被动式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.A.to be heard B.to have heard C.hearing D.being heard【解析】根据句意，此处指的是【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见被听见”，故要用被，故要用被 动式，因此动式，因此 可排除可排除 B 和和 C。另外，由于。另外，由于“设法

19、被听见设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在为目的状语，动作在 当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选 A。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致主句主语保持一致.12.Faced with a bill for$10,000，_.A.John has taken an extra jobB.the boss has given John an extra jobC.an extra job has been takenD.an extra job has been given to John 13.Whi

20、le watching television，_.A.the door bell rang B.the doorbell rings C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell ringswatchingfaced with(be)faced with原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式）的完成式）14._ from other continents for millions of

21、 years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.A.Being separated B.Having separatedC.Having been separated D.to be separated 15.The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us，left the meeting room.A.who has made B.having made C.made D.makinglefth

22、as原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用用-ing-ing，表示动作正在进行，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。16.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow.A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 17.There are hundreds of visitors _ in

23、 front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors原则一：用作目的状语，原则一：用作目的状语，原则二：用作伴随状语，原则二：用作伴随状语，原则三：用作结果状语，原则三：用作结果状语，原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作 之

24、前时，之前时，原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.原则三：用作结果状语，可用原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/to do,原则区别是：原则区别是：-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。表示非逻辑的结果。原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，

25、则用如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。的被动形式。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。主语应与主句主语保持一致。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）的完成式或不定式的完成式）原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。过去分词表示动作完成，被动。inging形式

26、作伴随状语与形式作伴随状语与 to doto do作目的状语的区别：作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的作伴随状语的inging形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Write to the editor,_ that the editor would be able to help her（hope）2.She reached the top of the h

27、ill and stopped there _ on a big rock(rest )3.The secretary worked late into night,_ a long speech.(prepare)4._ warm,we shut all the windows.(keep)preparingto resthopingTo keep,11.When she came in,she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her.A.seating;

28、fixing B.to seat;fixing C.having seated;fixed D.seated;fixed10.At the beginning of class,the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closedC.being opened and closed D.to open and close【解析】【解析】of 后应接后应接-ing，desks 与与open and close 之间存在逻辑之间存在逻辑上的被动关系

29、，又因上的被动关系，又因could be heard，所以选，所以选-ing的被动式表正的被动式表正在被进行的动作。在被进行的动作。of a stranger his eyessittingseat vt.fix ones eyes upon=I was seated.I seated myself.=I sat down18.“Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself.A.lost B.losing C.to lost D.have lost 19.The last one _ pays the meal.Agreed!A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt.lose sb/sth注：受注：受 the first，the second.the last 修饰修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。练一练：练一练：你是第二个犯这错误的人你是第二个犯这错误的人。You are the second to make the mistake.