英语some和y的用法小结肯定句否定句疑问句.pdf

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1、some 和 any 的用法小结我们知道;some 通常用于肯定句;any 则用于否定句或疑问句.但随着学习的深入;我们发现;情况并不完全如此;上述说法只能算是对 some 和 any 用法的一个不太准确和完整的概括.由于 some 和 any 是英语中比较常用的词;我们有必要对其用法作出较完善的归纳.一、some 和 any 作为形容词或代词;可以用来说明或代替复数名词或不可数名词;表示不定量;意为“一些”;其区别是：对其所说明或代替的名词持肯定态度时;用 some；持非肯定否定或疑问态度时;用 any.在以下句子中使用 some：1.肯定句包括肯定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中肯定的陈述

2、部分.如：There are some new books on the teachers desk.We have a lot of sugar.Take some with you;please.He bought some bread;didnt he2.持肯定态度的一般疑问句.如：Are there some stamps in that drawerDidnt she give you some money3.表示请求或建议的一般疑问句;通常都希望得到对方肯定的答复;所以也用 some.如：May I ask you some questionsWould you like some

3、 tea4.特殊疑问句及选择疑问句.因为特殊疑问句和选择疑问句并不对some 所说明或代替的名词表示疑问.如：Where can I get some buttonsDo you have some pens or pencils在以下句子中使用 ANY：1.否定句包括否定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中否定的陈述部分.如：I cant give you any help now.Do not make any noise.There werent any trees here;were there2.含有除 not 以外的其他否定词或否定结构的句子.如：Jim hardly makes an

4、y mistakes in his homework.He went to London without any money in his pocket.She was too poor to buy any new clothes.3.一般疑问句持肯定态度的除外.如：Did she buy any tomatoes yesterdayI want some paper.Do you have any4.条件状语从句.如：If you are looking for any ink;you can find it on my desk.If there are any good apples

5、there;get me two kilos;please.因为条件句“如果”表达的也是不肯定的态度.所以;如果说话者持肯定的态度或期待得到肯定的答复时;则可以用 some.如：Bring me two pieces of paper if you have some.5.whether/if 是否引导的名词从句.如：It is still unknown whether they have found any proof.He asked if he could drink any cool water.二、some 还可表示“某些”或用在单数名词前表示“某一个”.any则可用于表示“任何一

6、些”或“至少3个中任何一个”;二者均可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中.如：I dont like some of them.He is working at some place in the north.Any criminals will be punished.You can take any of these.三、some 和 any 也可作为副词;用于比较级前;表示程度;意为“稍许;几分”;用法与其作形容词或代词表示“一些”时基本相同.如：He feels some better now.She was so tired that she could not go any further.

7、some 还可以用在数字之前;意为“大约”.如：He is some forty years old.四、由 some-和 any-构成的复合不定代词和不定副词;其用法区别多与 some 和 any 相同.如：Something is wrong with her eyes.There is not anybody in this room.Have you seen it anywhereHavent you forgotten something 持肯定态度请用 some 或 any 填空：1 Could you get me _ coffee;please2 I heard that h

8、e would stay there for _ days.3 Dont take _ magazines out of the reading-room.4-Did he buy _ cakes or cookies-Cookies;I think.5 If you have _ questions;ask me;please.6 _ schoolboy would know that;yet you dont.7 I wonder if _ students are still in the classroom.8 Havent you got _ stamps May I use one

9、9 Is he going to visit _ places of interest there10 _ of the books are not mine.Theyre Johns;I think.11 There is _ meat on the plate;isnt there12 She has never eaten _ Chinese food before.13 _ person at the door is asking to see you.14 There are _ 100 workers in the factory.15 when will you buy him _ new clothes16 Did he jump _ higher this time