书面表达之半开放式作文.ppt

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1、书面表达之书面表达之半开放式作文半开放式作文评分标准评分标准：第一档第一档优秀优秀13 15思维活跃，逻辑清晰；内容充实，交际思维活跃，逻辑清晰；内容充实，交际得体；语言运用能力强；完全达到了预得体；语言运用能力强；完全达到了预期的写作目的。期的写作目的。第二档第二档良好良好9 12词汇、语法满足要求；错误不影响理解；词汇、语法满足要求；错误不影响理解；基本达到了预期的写作目的。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第三档第三档及格及格4 8 跑题；词汇有限，不能达意；跑题；词汇有限，不能达意；未能清楚地传达信息。未能清楚地传达信息。第四档第四档1-3只写少量相关信息，语法或词汇错误多，只写少量相关信息，

2、语法或词汇错误多，严重影响了对写作内容的理解。严重影响了对写作内容的理解。假定你是中学生李华。在一位名叫假定你是中学生李华。在一位名叫Tiger Mom的学生家长的博客上，你看到如下的学生家长的博客上，你看到如下内容。请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。内容。请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。Im the mother of a fourteenyearold.I have a rule for my daughter:be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another.She has

3、 been doing very well in school,but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her.Am I wrong?写作要点写作要点:1表明自己的看法；表明自己的看法；2陈述自己的理由陈述自己的理由(可举例说明可举例说明)；3提出至少两条建议。提出至少两条建议。要求要求：1短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。2短文词数不少于短文词数不少于100(不含已写好的部分不含已写好的部分)。3内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。4书写须清

4、晰、工整。书写须清晰、工整。Hi,TigerMom，What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.My idea is_ 假设你在某本杂志中假设你在某本杂志中“我爱读书我爱读书”系列漫画里看到了下面这幅漫画。系列漫画里看到了下面这幅漫画。请在日记中描述这幅漫画，并谈请在日记中描述这幅漫画，并谈 谈你所受到的启迪。谈你所受到的启迪。注意：注意：1.字数要求：不少于字数要求：不少于120字。字。2.文中除了粽子可用汉语拼音外，文中除了粽子可用汉语拼音外，其余词必须用英语描述。其余词必须用英语描述。3.参考词汇：解开（

5、包装纸等）参考词汇：解开（包装纸等）unwrap Sunny Thursday March 29,2012 This morning when I read a magazine,I was deeply impressed by a series of cartoons with the theme of I love reading.Among them,the following is the most attractive to me.（半）开放类作文：（半）开放类作文：只给出主题，两三点提示，一段素材或漫只给出主题，两三点提示，一段素材或漫 画，然后由考生在此基础上充分发挥想象画，然

6、后由考生在此基础上充分发挥想象 力，自由发挥，自由创作的一种文体。力，自由发挥，自由创作的一种文体。常见的（半）开放式作文命题形式常见的（半）开放式作文命题形式:话题式话题式 漫画式漫画式 话题式（半）开放作文：话题式（半）开放作文：围绕题目中所给的特定的话题说明、叙述、举例，最后围绕题目中所给的特定的话题说明、叙述、举例，最后谈谈自己的感想或发表自己的看法。谈谈自己的感想或发表自己的看法。漫画式（半）开放作文：漫画式（半）开放作文：要求考生根据一定提示要求考生根据一定提示(一般是一段一般是一段20余字的英文提示和余字的英文提示和一幅漫画一幅漫画)，写一篇短文。如此设计该题型目的是要求考，写一

7、篇短文。如此设计该题型目的是要求考生充分发挥想象力和创造力，自由拓展主题，组织篇章结生充分发挥想象力和创造力，自由拓展主题，组织篇章结构，这样既能体现出学生活跃的思维，又能表现出他们的构，这样既能体现出学生活跃的思维，又能表现出他们的逻辑思维能力和灵活运用英语的能力，从而把对考生的写逻辑思维能力和灵活运用英语的能力，从而把对考生的写作能力的考查上升到了一个新的高度。作能力的考查上升到了一个新的高度。漫画式（半）开放作文的漫画式（半）开放作文的写作写作步骤步骤 第一步、描述漫画内容第一步、描述漫画内容描述漫画内容的基本条件是看懂漫画。描述漫画内容的基本条件是看懂漫画。要求是：审图要准，定位要清；

8、要求是：审图要准，定位要清；描述时言简意赅，不可越位。描述时言简意赅，不可越位。要注意：不要花太多时间挖掘图画深意！要注意：不要花太多时间挖掘图画深意！常用句式常用句式：In the picture,there isAs is vividly portrayed in the pictureFrom the picture we can see thatAs can be seen from the picture,The picture describes an interesting/a common phenomenon thatThe picture tries to tell us

9、that.Ps,傻瓜开头句：傻瓜开头句：What an interesting picture!（很多范文还就喜欢这个开头）（很多范文还就喜欢这个开头）第二步、阐述对漫画的理解第二步、阐述对漫画的理解所谓对漫画的理解，是指围绕漫画反映的基本事所谓对漫画的理解，是指围绕漫画反映的基本事实进行较为细致的解释和自己的看法、感想或人实进行较为细致的解释和自己的看法、感想或人生感悟等。生感悟等。要求是：逻辑清晰，合情合理。要求是：逻辑清晰，合情合理。挖掘漫画所反映出的社会现象和蕴含的哲理挖掘漫画所反映出的社会现象和蕴含的哲理常用常用句式：句式：It seems very ridiculous thatH

10、owever,this kind of story is performed everywhere.What the picture shows is the exact reflection ofThe implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously.And the social problem has aroused great concern amongThere may/might be three factors which contribute to/account for/are resp

11、onsible for this phenomenon.First of all,And then the second reason is that The last reason,I think,is 对漫画中反映的问题作出评价或建议对漫画中反映的问题作出评价或建议常用句式常用句式：As far as Im concerned,/In my opinion,From my point of view,/On my part,Some measures as follows should be taken to deal with Only in these ways,can we solv

12、e the problem of It is better/advisable toI consider it necessary半开放式作文的语篇结构半开放式作文的语篇结构Part 1.描述漫画（描述漫画（有的放矢、中心突出有的放矢、中心突出），奠定基础；），奠定基础；（三分之一）（三分之一）Part 2.解图和议论：与描图呼应，推理过程（解图和议论：与描图呼应，推理过程（怎样想，怎样想，为什么这样想）为什么这样想）；(三分之二三分之二)Part 3.概括论点，概括论点，有时还可以联系自己有时还可以联系自己.写写漫画性开放作文不变的特点漫画性开放作文不变的特点人称：图片描述用第三人称；人称：

13、图片描述用第三人称；自己观点用第一人称自己观点用第一人称时态：时态：描图用一般现在时；描图用一般现在时；解图一般现在时；解图一般现在时；议论和联系自己用一般现在时和一般将来时；议论和联系自己用一般现在时和一般将来时；变化的是：变化的是：话题话题2009 北京高考北京高考 根据下面提示根据下面提示,写一篇短文写一篇短文,字数不少于字数不少于50.In your spoken English class,your teacher shows you the following picture.You are asked to describe the picture and explain how

14、 you understand it.写作思路写作思路1 1、图画中的要素是什么？、图画中的要素是什么？（人、桌子、面条、叉子）（人、桌子、面条、叉子）2 2、要素之间有何关系？、要素之间有何关系？（他在做什么）（他在做什么）3 3、如何理解这幅图？、如何理解这幅图？（把两只叉子当筷子用；模仿）把两只叉子当筷子用；模仿）4 4、从中得到什么观点？、从中得到什么观点？（选择正确工具和方法；不能盲目模仿）（选择正确工具和方法；不能盲目模仿）篇章结构：篇章结构：阐释图片内容阐释图片内容表达自己的想法表达自己的想法可接受的观点可接受的观点做事要用正确合适的方法（工具）。做事要用正确合适的方法（工具）。

15、不要盲目模仿别人。不要盲目模仿别人。复杂不都是好事，在某些情况下，简单是好的解决复杂不都是好事，在某些情况下，简单是好的解决方法方法。随着环境的不同而改变思维和方法。随着环境的不同而改变思维和方法。入乡随俗（不同国家有不同的文化，要了解和尊重入乡随俗（不同国家有不同的文化，要了解和尊重外国习俗。）外国习俗。）中西文化虽然都很好，但是若结合不好，后果则会中西文化虽然都很好，但是若结合不好，后果则会更糟。更糟。不可接受的观点不可接受的观点多实践，努力坚持到最后就能成功。多实践，努力坚持到最后就能成功。做事注意力要集中。做事注意力要集中。光学知识不行，还要学会运用。光学知识不行，还要学会运用。父母太

16、溺爱孩子，以至于孩子生活不能自理。父母太溺爱孩子，以至于孩子生活不能自理。要学会独立。要学会独立。加强中西文化的交流，多教外国人中国的文化。加强中西文化的交流，多教外国人中国的文化。呼吁保护中国的传统文化。呼吁保护中国的传统文化。What an interesting picture!A Western young man,sitting at a table,is ready to eat a bowl of noodles.He is holding two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks.He is trying so h

17、ard to pick up the noodles that he is sweating a lot.At first glance,I think its a bit funny,for we Chinese take it for granted that chopsticks are the tools for eating noodles.The man in the picture is trying to copy us.Obviously he is doing it the hard way.Maybe using one fork will do a better job

18、.In my opinion,we dont need to copy others ways of thinking.Sometimes a simpler way of doing things may be a better way.考生的主要问题考生的主要问题1 1、审题：、审题：看不懂图，造成立意错误。看不懂图，造成立意错误。只有描图，没有议论；或是只有议论只有描图，没有议论；或是只有议论，没有，没有描图。描图。2 2、写作技巧：、写作技巧：描图和议论脱节。描图和议论脱节。展开议论时，表述不清，逻辑混乱。展开议论时，表述不清，逻辑混乱。议论空洞，缺乏内容。议论空洞，缺乏内容。3 3、

19、思维能力：、思维能力：比较简单，不够活跃。比较简单，不够活跃。4 4、语言基本功：、语言基本功：时态、单词拼写错误多。时态、单词拼写错误多。In an English speech competition,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.积极合理的立意：积极合理的立意：不能自私不能自私互相帮助互相帮助承担责任承担责任团结就是力量团结就是力量面对共同问题时不要推卸责任面对共同问题时不要推卸责任解决共同的问题，解决共同的问题，清楚共同的垃圾

20、清楚共同的垃圾老鼠是世界环境的破坏者，老鼠是世界环境的破坏者，各国国家之间不各国国家之间不要自私要自私要合作，要合作，停止破坏环境，保护世界共同环境。停止破坏环境，保护世界共同环境。不可接受的立意不可接受的立意中西方文化交流中西方文化交流 单方面帮助别人单方面帮助别人自扫门前雪自扫门前雪父子关系不合，老鼠做协调人父子关系不合，老鼠做协调人 父子对待问题和困难，父子对待问题和困难，有不同方法，缺有不同方法，缺乏沟通。（老鼠在同区域）乏沟通。（老鼠在同区域）As can be seen in the picture,two men are holding sticks ready to kill

21、the mouse.When they drive the mouse to the common area,both of them expect the other to catch it.If they work together,they will surely kill the mouse.The picture tells us that we should cooperate to overcome the difficulties.The two men are just like we students and the mouse is just like the diffi

22、culties shared by us.In face of difficulties,each of us should take on our own responsibility and work together to achieve success.Just as an old saying goes,unity is strength.Only when we work together will success come.One possible version-互助互助 半半开放作文写作建议开放作文写作建议1 1、学会理解漫画。学会理解漫画。2 2、掌握漫画类开放作文的篇章结

23、构。掌握漫画类开放作文的篇章结构。3 3、培养逻辑思维培养逻辑思维意识。意识。4 4、鼓励和锻炼发散思维鼓励和锻炼发散思维。5 5、养成养成深层思维的习惯，深层思维的习惯，形成正确的形成正确的世界观世界观，升华文，升华文章主题。章主题。6 6、扎实的语言扎实的语言基础知识。基础知识。良好的逻辑思维能力良好的逻辑思维能力+扎实的语言基本功扎实的语言基本功字多字好字多字好压迫力压迫力切题点全切题点全硬道理硬道理无错无改无错无改装美丽装美丽虎头豹尾虎头豹尾震撼力震撼力按序分段按序分段领导力领导力靓词靓句靓词靓句最给力最给力 10年西城区一模开放作文年西城区一模开放作文 As is shown in

24、the picture,a half-empty bottle is going to stick a label of“full”on its body,feeling proud and confident.The picture seems to be reflecting a kind of social phenomenon.We might often meet some people who look confident,trying to impress others with their“rich”knowledge.However,just like the bottle

25、in the picture,what they really know is just a little.What they actually have in their head is far from enough.As an old saying goes,empty bottles make the loudest noise.Therefore,its wise to enrich ourselves with knowledge and try to make our head full.参考词汇：参考词汇：label 标签10年朝阳区一模开放作文年朝阳区一模开放作文提示词：放大

26、镜：提示词：放大镜：magnifier As can he seen in the picture,there is a small spot on the table while a man is looking at it with a magnifier.Through the magnifier,the spot seems bigger and clearer.The picture has a reflection in our daily life.The spot is just like a persons strong point or weak point.If we e

27、nlarge ones strong point,we may recognize it and can find something worth learning from the person.On the contrary,if his weak point is always focused on,he will feel discouraged,which prevents him from making progress.In my opinion,we should make it clear where the magnifier is used and what can be

28、 enlarged.10年宣武区一模开放作文年宣武区一模开放作文 In the picture,we can see a man picking apples.But in order to pick the apples,he cuts down the tree.The picture wants to tell us that whatever we do,we shouldnt only focus on what we are doing at present.If we neglect our future,well end up in failure.Just like the

29、man in the picture,although he can get apples this time,he will never get fruits from the tree again.The picture reminds me of the environmental problems.If we pay no attention to the environment just in order to earn more money now,how can we live a happy life in the dirty surroundings?So try to th

30、ink about our future when doing things.10年东城区一模开放作文年东城区一模开放作文参考词汇：参考词汇：play hopscotch 跳房子跳房子 In the picture we see a group of children playing hopscotch happily while a boy is sitting in front of his computer，fully absorbed in a game This picture intends to show how children today and in the past sp

31、end their free timeIn the old days,there was no modern equipment such as TV sets or computers，so children killed time，playing games outdoorsWith the development of science and technology,children are so attracted by computer games that they become addicted and stay in front of the screen all day lon

32、g.Unlike the kids playing hopscotch，a team game，the boy who tends to spend more time alone easily develops psychological problems such as a lack of a sense of cooperation and communication skills So in my opinion，modern science may not benefit people10年丰台区一模开放作文年丰台区一模开放作文What an interesting picture!

33、A boy is sleeping on a large opened book with sheets of paper and a pair of glasses beside him.He must have done some reading before falling asleep.Besides,the sweet smile on his face shows that he is satisfied with what he has gained from the books.To my understanding,the picture intends to tell us

34、 the importance of doing some reading,We can increase our knowledge,broaden the mind,enrich our life and make ourselves relaxed by reading books.As a student,I think we should read as many good books as possible.Only in this way,can we improve ourselves greatly.10年崇文区一模开放作文年崇文区一模开放作文 From the pictur

35、e we can see that a bunch of sticks stay together and look happy,while one stick is alone and looks upset I think the picture conveys the message that working together can bring people happinessEveryone dreams of living a happy life forever.However,it is impossible to enjoy life by oneself like the

36、lonely stick in the pictureIf he or she works together with his or her teammates or peers,he or she will certainly be impressed and cheer up In my opinion,we have to realize the importance of teamwork and try to involve ourselves in the activities as much as possible.10年海淀区一模开放作文年海淀区一模开放作文 In the pi

37、cture,there is a cup,which is usually presented to the winners in sports competitions.The cup is definitely a symbol of great success.But what makes me puzzled is that a magnifying glass is used to see its light scratch on the cup,which is not at all obvious.What I see in this picture reminds me of

38、people who use a magnifying glass to see the faults in others.Those people are usually very demanding and picky.They only see the“scratches”instead of the whole cup.As we all know,everyone has both strengths and weaknesses.Therefore,we should be objective about others achievements rather than find f

39、aults with them on purpose.Only in this way can harmony be achieved and conflicts be avoided.提示词：提示词：放大镜放大镜 magnifying glass10年石景山区一模开放作文年石景山区一模开放作文 From the picture I can see a boy trapped by a heavy stone,on which“Laziness”was said.One of the boys hands is holding a balloon,which resembles the“tal

40、ent”.However,the balloon cant help him fly up because of the heave stone down below.The picture really sends a message to us.Even if you are gifted to some degree,you cant just rely on your talent.Talent does some support to your success,but cant guarantee unless you pay for that as well.Working har

41、d is the base to make sure you can reach your goal.So,do you want your dream to come true?You should try hard even if you are quite bright.In the picture,two goats are tied to each other with a rope.They both see some grass in opposite directions,and try to pull to get their own food.They are unsucc

42、essful,because the rope is too short to allow them to eat the food at the same time.The picture is trying to tell us that cooperation is better than conflict.Both of the goats want their food at the same time,which has formed a conflict between them.However,if they decide to cooperate and eat the gr

43、ass on the left first,and then the grass on the right,they will both be able to get their food.Thus things will turn into a winwin“(doublewin)situation.Therefore,remember that sometimes our goal is not that we get something and the other gets nothing,but that all people get what they want.Cooperatio

44、n will benefit everyone.In the picture,we can see a circle of bricks standing next to each other.The first brick on the right is falling down,causing the falling of the next one.In the end,the whole circle will be ruined.The picture conveys a message that the success of a project depends on each ind

45、ividual step.When each individual step is given full attention,it is quite likely that the whole project will be a success.In the same way,a mistake in one step may lead to a complete failure of the whole project,as is shown in the picture.So each individual step can make the difference between succ

46、ess and failure.We should try our best every step of the way.What an interesting picture!A Western young man,sitting at a table,is ready to eat a bowl of noodles.He is holding two forks the same way as we Chinese hold chopsticks.He is trying so hard to pick up the noodles that he is sweating a lot.A

47、t first glance,I think its a bit funny,for we Chinese take it for granted that chopsticks are the tools for eating noodles.The man in the picture is trying to copy us.Obviously he is doing it the hard way.Maybe using one fork will do a better job.In my opinion,we dont need to copy others ways of thi

48、nking.Sometimes a simpler way of doing things may be a better way.As can be seen in the picture,a tree is broken by the strong wind,while the grass still stays as it is.Weak and small as the grass is,it can stand the strong wind.It is the same with human beings.Some people look very strong,but they

49、are easily defeated by difficulties.Weak as some people may seem,they are actually strong in mind,just like the grass in the picture.This kind of people can adapt easily to changing situations and achieve more.They are ready to face challenges and never give up in time of difficulty.So a persons inner strength is much more powerful than physical strength.