初一下学期英语语法总结.pdf

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1、初一下学期英语语法总结Unit 1 Wheres your pen pal from？一短语：1 be from=come from 来自于-2 live in 居住在-3 on weekends 在周末4 write to sb=write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人5 in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国6pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约8speak Englis

2、h 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎9go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动二重点句式：1 Wheres your pen pal from?=Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live?3 What language(s)does he speak?4 I want a pen pal in China。5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you

3、 write to me soon?8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports。三本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。1 Canada-Canadian-English/French2 France-French-French3 Japan-Japanese-Japanese4 AustraliaAustralian-English5 the United States-American-English6 the United Kingdom-British-EnghishUnit 2 Wheres the post

4、 office?一 Asking ways:（问路）1 Where is（the nearest）？(最近的）在哪里？2 Can you tell me the way to？你能告诉我去的路吗？3 How can I get to？我怎样到达呢？4 Is there near here/in the neighborhood?附近有吗？5 Which is the way to？哪条是去的路？二Showing the ways：(指路）1.Go straight down/along this street.沿着这条街一直走。2.Turn left at the second turning

5、.在第二个路口向左转。3。You will find it on your right。你会在你右手边发现它。4。It is about one hundred metres from here。离这里大约一百米远。5。Youd better take a bus.你最好坐公交车去。(Youd better+动词原形）三词组1。across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面2。next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3.betweenand 在和之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和

6、动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4。in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树。in the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom。课室内的前部有张桌子。5.behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面6.turn left/right 向左/右拐on the left/right of 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one

7、s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边7.go straight 一直走8.down/along 沿着（街道）down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9.in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to 欢迎来到11。take/have a walk 散步12.the beginning of 的开始，前端at the beginning of 在的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13.have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开

8、心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心.I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14.have a good trip 旅途愉快15。take a taxi 坐出租车16。到达：get to+地方 get here/there/home 到这/那/家arrive in+大地方 I arrive in Beijing.arrive at+小地方 I arrive at the bank。reach+地方17go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路go

9、through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林18on+街道的名称.Eg：on Center Streetat+具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg:at 6 Center Street三重难点解析1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading。我喜爱读书。到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish 和 enjoy，都是要带 doing。I finish cleaning the room。我扫完了这间屋子。2hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试

10、。hope+从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine。我希望明天将会晴朗.(从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在 I hope 的后面,形成句中有句。)3.if 引导一个表示假设的句子。If I have much money，I will go to the moon。如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球.If you are hungry,you can buy some food in the supermarket。如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物.四本单元的反义词、

11、近义词配对1newold 2 quiet-busy 3 dirty clean 4 big-smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears?一重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二.交际用语1。Why do you like pandas？Because theyre very

12、 clever。2.Why does he like koalas？Because theyre kind of interesting。3.Where are lions from?They are from South Africa。4。What other animals do you like？I like dogs,too.Why？Because theyre friendly and clever.5.Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6.Shes very shy。7。He is from Australia。8

13、He sleeps during the day,but at night he gets up and eats leaves。9He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10Lets see the pandas first。11Theyre kind of interesting.12What other animals do you like？13Why do you want to see the lions?三.重点难点释义1、kind of 有点，稍微Koala bears are kind of shy.考拉有点害羞.ki

14、nd 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的 all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n.中国 Africa n.非洲China 和 Africa 都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in 连用.There are many kinds of tigers in China。There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj。友好的，和蔼可亲的它是名词 friend 的形容词形式，常常和be 动词连用,be frie

15、ndly。The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep.跟,同,和在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与 and 的用法，and 通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，如果有 I,I 通常放在 and 之后，如：My father and I usually play chess together。Play with“和一起玩耍”“玩”I often play with my pet dog。Dont play with water！5、day 和 night 是一对反义词，day 表示白

16、天或一天，night 表示夜或夜晚。通常说 in the day，during the day,at night.Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n。叶子复数形式为:leaves，类似的变化还有:wife-wives，wolfwolves,knifeknives 等。7、hour n。小时;点钟hour 前边通常加上冠词 an 表示“一个小时，即：an hour.There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour。8、be from

17、来自be from=come fromPandas are from China.=Pandas come form China.9、meat n。(食用的）肉，为不可数名词,表示“许多”时，使用much 来修饰，即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n。草,为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much 来修饰,即：much grass。There is much grass on the playground.四.语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which、“when、“where”、“how”、“howold”、“

18、how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:1。疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：Whats your grandfathers telephone number?你爷爷的电话号码是多少？Who is that boy with big eyes?那个大眼睛的男孩是谁?Which season do you like best？你最喜欢哪个季节？When is he going to play the piano?他什么时候弹钢琴?Where does he live？他住在哪儿？How are you?你好吗？How old are you

19、？你多大了？How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有几个兄弟姐妹？2。疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：Who is on duty today？今天谁值日？Which man is your teacher?哪位男士是你的老师？我们学过的 What/How about+名词/代词+其他?也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构。例如：I like English.What/How about you？我喜欢英语.你呢？What about playing basketball?打篮球怎么样？Unit 4 I want to be a

20、n actor.一短语:1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物/把某物给某人3 help sb do sth帮助某人作某事 Eg：I want tohelp my mother do some housework athome。4 help sb with sth帮助某人谋事 Eg：I want to help my mother with some houseworkat home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/to sb 和-谈话8 be busy doing st

21、h 忙于做某事 Eg:He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院 l10 work/study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二重点句式及注意事项：1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式 What+is/are+sb？What+does/do+sb+do?What+is/are+名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+job?2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the da

22、y and sometimes at night。4 I like talking to people.5 I work late.Im very busy when people go out to dinners。6 Where does your sister work?7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine？Then come and work for us as a reporter。9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?10 We are an international school for children of 512。三 本单元中的名词复数。1policeman-policemen2womandoctor-womendoctors3thief-thieves