最新数学专业名词英文解释.pdf

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1、精品文档高等数学(Higher Mathematics)一些基本名词中英文对照表中文函数定义域值域极限极限值发散收敛连续性连续函数左连续开集闭集闭区间区间一元函数多元函数内点孤立点邻域导数偏导数微分全微分偏微分积分精品文档英文functiondomain of definitionrange of functionlimitlimit valuedivergeconvergecontinuitycontinuous functioncontinuity from the leftopen setclosed setclosed intervalintervalfunction of one v

2、ariablefunction of several variablesinner pointisolated pointneighborhoodderivativepartial derivativedifferential calculustotal differentialpartial differentialintegral中文逆时针方向变量常量坐标轴横坐标纵坐标锐角钝角平角直角圆半径直径三角形斜率无穷小无穷大正负凸凹椭圆双曲线曲线曲面英文counterclockwisevariableconstant quantityaxis of coordinatesabscissaordin

3、ateacute angleobtuse anglestraight angleright anglecircleradiusdiametertriangleslopeinfinitesimalinfinitepositivenegativeconvexconcaveellipsehyperbolacurvesurface精品文档微积分重积分二重积分三重积分中值定理极值定积分不定积分曲线积分曲面积分级数数列微分方程常微分方程偏微分方程差分方程特征方程间断点渐近线切线切线方程拐点绝对收敛条件收敛和函数解初始条件条件极值必要条件精品文档infinitesimal calculusmultiple

4、integraldouble integralthreefold integrallaw of the meanextreme valuesdefinite integralindefinite integralcurvilinear integralsurface integralprogression,seriessequencedifferential equationordinary differential equationpartial differential equationdifference equationcharacteristic equationdiscontinu

5、ity pointasymptotetangent linetangential equationpoint of inflexionabsolutely convergenceconditional convergencesum functionsolutioninitial conditionconditional extremumnecessary condition交补集投影等差级数几何级数公理定义定理集合元素空集子集相等常数对数指数曲率曲率圆曲率半径切平面幂级数收敛半径收敛区间收敛区域通解特解阶常数项级数正项级数intersectioncomplementprojectarithme

6、tical progressiongeometric progressionaxiomsdefinitiontheoremsetelementemptysubsetequalconstantlogarithmexponentialcurvaturecircle of curvatureradius of curvaturetangent planepower seriesconvergence radiusconvergence intervalconvergence regiongeneral solutionspecial solutionorderconstant seriesposit

7、ive series精品文档充分条件收敛判别法比较判别sufficient conditionconvergence criterion交错级数一般级数alternate seriesordinary seriescomparison criterion法线性代数英文专业词汇英Linear Algebradeterminantrowcolumnelementdiagonalprincipal diagonaauxiliary diagonaltransposed determinanttriangular determinantsinterchangeabsolute valueidentit

8、yn-order determinants文中线性代数行列式行列元素对角线主对角线次对角线转置行列式三角行列式互换绝对值恒等式n 阶行列式文evaluation of determinantAlgebra cofactor行列式的求值代数余子式the Vandermonde determinantmethod of Recursion relationinductionCramer s rulematrixthe zero matrixthe identity matrixsymmetric英skew-symmetric范德蒙行列式递推法归纳法克莱姆法则矩阵零矩阵单位矩阵对称的文中反对称的交换

9、律文commutative law精品文档精品文档square Matrix方阵矩阵m na matrix of order m nthe determinant of matrix A方阵 A 的行列式矩阵的运算转置矩阵逆矩阵对角矩阵伴随矩阵奇异矩阵非奇异矩阵初等变换operations on Matricesa transposed matrixan inverse matrixan diagonal matrixan adjoint matrixsingular matrixnonsingular matrixelementary transformationsvectors向量分量线性

10、组合向量空间componentslinearly combinationspace of arithmetical vectorssubspace子空间维基过渡矩阵线性无关线性相关k 阶子式矩阵的秩行向量列向量最大线性无关组欧几里德空间酉空间dimensionbasistransformation matrixlinearly independentlinearly dependentthe minor of the kth orderrank of a Matrixrow vectorscolumn vectorsthe maximal linearly independent subsys

11、temEuclidean spaceUnitary space英文中线性方程组消元法文systems of linear equationselimination methodhomogenous齐次的非齐次的nonhomogenous精品文档精品文档equivalent等价的充要条件necessary and sufficient conditionincompatiable无解的唯一解系数矩阵通解特解零解非零解基础解系unique solutionthe matrix of the coefficientsgeneral solutionparticular solutiontrivial

12、 solutionnontrivial solutionthe fundamental system of solutionseigenvalue特征值特征向量特征多项式特征方程单位向量eigenvectorcharacteristic polynomialcharacteristic equationnormed vectororthogonal正交的正交化正交化过程对角化矩阵标准正交基正交变换线性变换二次型标准型二次型的标准型二次曲线坐标变换orthogonalizationthe Gram-Schmidt processreducing a matrix to the diagonal formorthonormal basisorthogonal transformationlinear transformationquadratic formscanonical formthe canonical form of a quadratic formthe second-order curvecoordinate transformation精品文档