材料概论复习重点.pdf

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1、复合材料：composite materials连锁反应：H-reaction体心立方堆积：body-centered cubic面心立方堆积：face-centered cubic六方最密堆积：hexagonal close-packed晶体结构：crystal structure无机非金属材料：inorganic nonmental materials陶瓷材料：ceramic materials传统陶瓷：traditional materials先进玻璃：advanced glass水泥：cement高分子材料：polymer materials分类：sort金属键:mental bond

2、材料的分类：classification of material成分：composition化学键：chemical bond合成：censisis晶格：crystal lettice简单立方晶格：simple cubic lettice原子键：atomic bond共价键：covalent bond铝：aluminium水泥的水化：hydration of cement铜：cooper银：silver金：gold镁：magnesium钛：titanium磷：phosphorus钾：potassium铅：lead铁基材料：ferrous materials有机非金属：plassitic白口铁：

3、灰口铁：合金：二、简答：1.What is cement materialsThe materials which can bind the other particle or fibre matters by physical or chemical effect tohard mass are called cement.2.what is inorganic nonmetal materialsInorganic nonmental materials are made up of inorganic compounds which include onlynonmetal elemen

4、ts(not include C-H-O chain)or metal and nonmental elements.3.What are the characteristic of materials.have certain compositionsCan be processedWith certain shape and color4.Please classify the polymer materials.The polymer materials can be classified by many ways:firstly,they can be sorted by source

5、 andsecond,they can be sorted by the type of chain,and thirdly,they can be sorted by the theirmain class methods are listed below:Source:Nature polymer Semi-nature polymer Man made polymerChain:Carbon chainMixed chainElement organic5.what are decisice factor of materials propertiesAtonic structureNa

6、ture of chemical bondAtonic orderingMicrostructure6.To sort materialsClass by source:Nature material and man-made material.Class by physic and chemical function:Inorganic nonmetal materials,metal materials,polymermaterials and composite materialsClass by using function:structure and functionClass by

7、 purpose:electric,biologic medical materialsOther class:new and old materials7.Ceramic processingThe raw materials have to go through a milling or grinding operation in which particle size isreduceAnd then,the powders must be thoroughly mixed with water and perhaps other ingredients togive flow char

8、acteristics that are compatible with the particular forming techniqueThe formed pice must go through drying and fining operationsAfter fining,the pice will undergo some postfiring operation:grinding and glazingAt last,a ceramic production will be obtained and shipped to the customers8.Portland cemen

9、tPortland cement is made of by heating a mixture od limestone and clay,or other materials ofsimilar bulk composition and sufficient reactivity,ultimately to a temperature of about 1450。Partial fusion occurs,and noclules clinker are produced The clinker is mixed with a few percent ofgypsum and finelymake cement.