C++期末复习(程序分析).pdf

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1、C+C+期末复习期末复习(程序分析程序分析)C+C+期末复习（程序分析题）期末复习（程序分析题）一、程序改错题一、程序改错题1 1、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。class Aclass A int a,b;int a,b;publicpublic：A(int aa,int bb)a=aa;b=bb;A(int aa,int bb)a=aa;b=bb;void main()void main()A Ax(2,3),y(4);x(2,3),y(4);答：答：Ax(2,3),y(4);Ax(2,3),y(4);语句出错，因为没有单参数的构造函数语

2、句出错，因为没有单参数的构造函数(或者或者 y(4)y(4)少写了一个参数少写了一个参数)。2 2、指出并改正下面利用类模板的对象定义中的错误。、指出并改正下面利用类模板的对象定义中的错误。template template class Tanyclass Tany T x,y;T x,y;public:public:Tany(T a,T b)x=a,y=b;Tany(T a,T b)x=a,y=b;T sum()return x+y;T sum()return x+y;void main()void main()Tany(int)obj(10,100);Tany(int)obj(10,100

3、);答：答：Tany(int)obj(10,100);Tany(int)obj(10,100);出错，应为出错，应为 Tany obj(10,100);Tany obj(10,100);语句。语句。3 3、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。class oneclass one private:private:int a;int a;public:public:void func(two&);void func(two&);class twoclass two private:private:int b;int b;friend void one:f

4、unc(two&);friend void one:func(two&);void one:func(two&r)void one:func(two&r)a=r.b;a=r.b;答：答：void func(two&);void func(two&);出错，出错，twotwo 尚未声明尚未声明(应在应在 class oneclass one 前加声明语句前加声明语句 class twoclass two；)。4 4、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。include include class Aclass A public:public:void

5、fun()coutvoid fun()cout a.funa.fun endl;endl;class Bclass B public:public:void fun()coutvoid fun()cout b.funb.fun endl;endl;void gun()coutvoid gun()cout b.gunb.gun endl;endl;class C:public A,public Bclass C:public A,public B private:private:int b;int b;public:public:void gun()coutvoid gun()cout c.gu

6、nc.gun endl;endl;void hun()void hun()fun();fun();答：答：void hun()fun();void hun()fun();出错，出错，C C：fun()fun()有二义性。有二义性。5 5、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。、指出下面程序段中的错误，并说明出错原因。class Locationclass Location int X,Y=20;int X,Y=20;protected:protected:int zeroX,zeroY;int zeroX,zeroY;int SetZero(int ZeroX,int ZeroY);int

7、SetZero(int ZeroX,int ZeroY);private:private:int length,height;int length,height;public:public:float radius;float radius;void init(int initX,int initY);void init(int initX,int initY);int GetX();int GetX();int GetY();int GetY();答：答：int X,Y=20;int X,Y=20;出错，不能采用这种方式初始化。出错，不能采用这种方式初始化。6 6、下面的程序类、下面的程序类

8、 B B 的定义中有一处错误，请用下横线标出错误所在行并说明错误原因。的定义中有一处错误，请用下横线标出错误所在行并说明错误原因。#include#include#include#includeclass Aclass A public:public:A(const char*nm)strcpy(name,nm);A(const char*nm)strcpy(name,nm);private:private:char name80;char name80;class B:public Aclass B:public A public:public:B(const char*nm):A(nm)B

9、(const char*nm):A(nm)void PrintName()const;void PrintName()const;void B:PrintName()constvoid B:PrintName()const cout name:nameendl;cout name:nameendl;/错误，错误，namename 为私有成员为私有成员void main()void main()B b1(wang li );B b1(wang li );b1.PrintName();b1.PrintName();7 7、用下横线标出下面程序、用下横线标出下面程序 mainmain 函数中的错误所

10、在行，并说明错误原因。函数中的错误所在行，并说明错误原因。#include#includeclass Locationclass Location private:private:int X,Y;int X,Y;public:public:void init(int initX,int initY);void init(int initX,int initY);int sumXY();int sumXY();void Location:init(int initX,int initY)void Location:init(int initX,int initY)X=initX;X=initX;

11、Y=initY;Y=initY;int Location:sumXY()int Location:sumXY()return X+Y;return X+Y;void main()void main()Location A1;Location A1;int x,y;int x,y;A1.init(5,3);A1.init(5,3);x=A1.X;y=A1.Y;x=A1.X;y=A1.Y;coutx+y A1.sumXY()endl;coutx+y A1.sumXY()endl;/错误错误 8 8、下面的程序有一处错误，请用下横线标出错误所在行并改正错误。、下面的程序有一处错误，请用下横线标出错误

12、所在行并改正错误。#include#includeclass Testclass Test public:public:static int x;static int x;int x=20;int x=20;/对类的静态成员初始化错误对类的静态成员初始化错误void main()void main()coutTest:x;coutTest:x;9 9、指出下面的程序中的两处错误，并改正、指出下面的程序中的两处错误，并改正class Examclass Exampublic:public:Exam(int y=10)data=y;Exam(int y=10)data=y;int getdata(

13、)int getdata()constconst return+data;return+data;/错误常成员函数不能修改对象错误常成员函数不能修改对象/修改方法：删除关键字修改方法：删除关键字 constconststatic int getcount()static int getcount()coutdata;coutdata;/错误静态成员函数不能直接访问非静态成员错误静态成员函数不能直接访问非静态成员/修改方法：删除修改方法：删除 coutcout 这一行这一行return+count;return+count;private:private:int data;int data;st

14、aticstaticint count;int count;1010、指出下面的程序中的错误，并改正、指出下面的程序中的错误，并改正char*string;char*string;string=new charstring=new charfree(string);free(string);/用用 newnew 动态分配的内存不能用动态分配的内存不能用 freefree 函数来释放函数来释放/修改方法：用修改方法：用 deletedelete 运算符来释放运算符来释放1111、指出下面的程序中的错误、指出下面的程序中的错误#include#include#include#include cla

15、ss Personclass Person public:public:Person(char*pN)Person(char*pN)cout Constructing pN endl;cout Constructing pN endl;pName=new charstrlen(pN)+1;pName=new charstrlen(pN)+1;if(pName!=0)if(pName!=0)strcpy(pName,pN);strcpy(pName,pN);Person()Person()cout Destructing pName endl;cout Destructing pName end

16、l;pName0=0;pName0=0;delete pName;delete pName;protected:protected:char*pName;char*pName;void main()void main()Person p1(Randy);Person p1(Randy);Person p2=p1;Person p2=p1;/即即 Person p2(p1);Person p2(p1);/对同一个空间的两次释放，修改方法：增加一个复制构造函数对同一个空间的两次释放，修改方法：增加一个复制构造函数Person:Person(Person&p)Person:Person(Person

17、&p)pName=new charstrlen(p.pName)+1;pName=new charstrlen(p.pName)+1;strcpy(pName,p.pName);strcpy(pName,p.pName);五、写出下面程序的执行结果五、写出下面程序的执行结果1 1、#include#include class A class A int*a;int*a;public:public:A(int x)a=new int(x);cout*a=*aendl;delete a;A(int x)a=new int(x);cout*a=*aendl;delete a;void main()v

18、oid main()A x(3),*p;A x(3),*p;p=new A(5);p=new A(5);delete p;delete p;输出为：输出为：*a=3*a=3*a=5*a=52 2、#include#include template template void f(T&x,Q&y)void f(T&x,Q&y)if(sizeof(T)sizeof(Q)x=(T)y;if(sizeof(T)sizeof(Q)x=(T)y;else y=(Q)x;else y=(Q)x;void main()void main()double d;double d;int i;int i;d=999

19、9;i=88;d=9999;i=88;f(d,i);f(d,i);cout d=d i=i endl;cout d=d i=i endl;d=88;i=9999;d=88;i=9999;f(i,d);f(i,d);cout d=d i=i endl;cout d=d i=i endl;输出为：输出为：d=88d=88i=88i=88d=9999,i=9999d=9999,i=99993 3、#include#include class baseclass base public:public:virtual int func()return 0;virtual int func()return

20、 0;class derived:public baseclass derived:public base public:public:int func()return 100;int func()return 100;void main()void main()derived d;derived d;base&b=d;base&b=d;cout b.func()endl;cout b.func()endl;cout b.base:func()endl;cout b.base:func()endl;输出为：输出为：1001000 04 4、#include#include class Test

21、class Test private:private:static int val;static int val;int a;int a;public:public:static int func();static int func();static void sfunc(Test&r);static void sfunc(Test&r);int Test:val=20;int Test:val=20;int Test:func()int Test:func()val+=val;val+=val;return val;return val;void Test:sfunc(Test&r)void

22、 Test:sfunc(Test&r)r.a=25;r.a=25;cout Result3=r.aendl;cout Result3=r.aendl;void main()void main()cout Result1=Test:func()endl;cout Result1=Test:func()endl;Test a;Test a;cout Result2=a.func()endl;cout Result2=a.func()endl;Test:sfunc(a);Test:sfunc(a);输出为：输出为：Result1=40Result1=40Result2=80Result2=80Res

23、ult3=25Result3=255 5、#include#includetemplatetemplateclass Tclassclass Tclass private:private:T x,y;T x,y;public:public:Tclass(T a,T b):x(a)y=b;Tclass(T a,T b):x(a)y=b;Tclass(T a)y=(T)0,x=a;Tclass(T a)y=(T)0,x=a;void pr()void pr()char c;char c;c=(y=(T)0?+:-);c=(y=(T)0?+:-);cout x c(T)0?y:-y)iendl;co

24、ut x c(T)0?y:-y)iendl;void main()void main()Tclass a(10.5,-5.8);Tclass a(10.5,-5.8);a.pr();a.pr();Tclass b(10);Tclass b(10);b.pr();b.pr();输出为：输出为：10.5-4.8i10.5-4.8i10+0i10+0i6 6、#include#includeclass testclass test public:public:test()test()cout cout 调用构造函数调用构造函数endl;endl;void f(int i)void f(int i)s

25、tatic test x;static test x;cout iendl;cout iendl;void main()void main()f(10);f(10);f(20);f(20);输出为：输出为：调用构造函数调用构造函数101020207 7、include include void main()void main()int*a;int*a;int*&p=a;int*&p=a;int b=10;int b=10;p=&b;p=&b;cout*a;cout*a;输出为：输出为：10108 8、include include templatetemplateTf(T*a,T*b,int

26、n)Tf(T*a,T*b,int n)Ts=(T)0;Ts=(T)0;for(int i=0;in;i+)for(int i=0;in;i+)s+=as+=a i i *b*b i i；return s;return s;void main()void main()double cdouble c 5 5 =1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,5.5,d=1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,5.5,d 5 5 =10.0,100.0,1000.0;=10.0,100.0,1000.0;coutf(c,d,5)endl;coutf(c,d,5)endl;输出为：输出为：353135319 9、#incl

27、ude#include void main()void main()for(int i=0;i4;i+)for(int i=0;i4;i+)coutendlsetfill()setw(4-i)0 setfill(#)setw(i+i)0?0:);coutendlsetfill()setw(4-i)0 setfill(#)setw(i+i)0?0:);输出为：输出为：00#00#00#01010、运行下面的程序，写出当输入、运行下面的程序，写出当输入 2525，6060 时的输出结果。时的输出结果。#include#include class goodsclass goods private:p

28、rivate:static int totalWeight;static int totalWeight;int weight;int weight;public:public:goods(int w)goods(int w)weight=w;weight=w;totalWeight+=w;totalWeight+=w;goods(goods&gd)goods(goods&gd)weight=gd.weight;weight=gd.weight;totalWeight+=weight;totalWeight+=weight;goods()goods()totalWeight-=weight;t

29、otalWeight-=weight;int getwg()int getwg()return weight;return weight;static int getTotal()static int getTotal()return totalWeight;return totalWeight;int goods:totalWeight=0;int goods:totalWeight=0;void main()void main()int w;int w;cout The initial weight of goods:goods:getTotal()endl;cout The initia

30、l weight of goods:goods:getTotal()w;/cinw;/输入输入 2525goods g1(w);goods g1(w);cinw;/cinw;/输入输入 6060goods g2(w);goods g2(w);cout The total weight of goods:goods:getTotal()endl;cout The total weight of goods:goods:getTotal()endl;输出为：输出为：The initial weight of goods:0The initial weight of goods:0The total

31、 weight of goods:85The total weight of goods:851111、#include#includeclass Aclass A public:public:virtual void print()cout This is class A printing.endl;virtual void print()cout This is class A printing.endl;class B:public Aclass B:public A public:public:void print()void print();class C:public Bclass

32、 C:public B public:public:void print()cout This is class C printing.endl;void print()cout This is class C printing.endl;void show(A&a)void show(A&a)a.print();a.print();void main()void main()A a;A a;B b;B b;C c;C c;show(a);show(a);show(b);show(b);show(c);show(c);输出为：输出为：This is class A printing.This

33、is class A printing.This is class C printing.This is class C printing.1212、#include#includeclass Aclass A public:public:A()a=0;A()a=0;A(int i)a=i;A(int i)a=i;void Print()couta ,;void Print()couta ,;int Geta()return a;int Geta()return a;private:private:int a;int a;class B:public Aclass B:public A pub

34、lic:public:B()b=0;B()b=0;B(int i,int j,int k);B(int i,int j,int k);void Print();void Print();private:private:int b;int b;A aa;A aa;B:B(int i,int j,int k):A(i),aa(j)b=k;B:B(int i,int j,int k):A(i),aa(j)b=k;void B:Print()void B:Print()A:Print();A:Print();coutb ,aa.Geta()endl;coutb ,aa.Geta()endl;void

35、main()void main()B bb2;B bb2;bb0=B(1,2,5);bb0=B(1,2,5);bb1=B(3,4,7);bb1=B(3,4,7);for(int i=0;i2;i+)for(int i=0;i2;i+)bbi.Print();bbi.Print();输出为：输出为：1,5,21,5,23,7,43,7,41313、#include#includeclass Testclass Test private:private:static int val;static int val;int a;int a;public:public:static int func()

36、;static int func();void sfunc(Test&r);void sfunc(Test&r);int Test:val=200;int Test:val=200;int Test:func()int Test:func()return val+;return val+;void Test:sfunc(Test&r)void Test:sfunc(Test&r)r.a=125;r.a=125;cout Result3=r.aendl;cout Result3=r.aendl;void main()void main()cout Result1=Test:func()endl;

37、cout Result1=Test:func()endl;Test a;Test a;cout Result2=a.func()endl;cout Result2=a.func()endl;a.sfunc(a);a.sfunc(a);输出为：输出为：Result1=200Result1=200Result2=201Result2=201Result3=125Result3=1251414、#include#includeclass Locationclass Location int X,Y;int X,Y;public:public:void init(int=0,int=0);void i

38、nit(int=0,int=0);void valueX(int val)X=val;void valueX(int val)X=val;int valueX()return X;int valueX()return X;void valueY(int val)Y=val;void valueY(int val)Y=val;int valueY()return Y;int valueY()return Y;void Location:init(int initX,int initY)void Location:init(int initX,int initY)X=initX;Y=initY;X

39、=initX;Y=initY;void main()void main()Location A,B;Location A,B;A.init();A.init();coutA.valueX()coutA.valueX()A.valueY()endl;A.valueY()endl;A.valueX(5);A.valueX(5);coutA.valueX()coutA.valueX()A.valueY()endl;A.valueY()endl;B.init(6,2);B.init(6,2);B.valueY(4);B.valueY(4);coutB.valueX()coutB.valueX()B.v

40、alueY()endl;B.valueY()endl;输出为：输出为：0 00 05 50 06 64 41515、#include#include class Aclass Apublic:public:A()A()virtual void func()coutDestructor A endl;virtual void func()coutDestructor A endl;A()func();A()func();class B:public Aclass B:public Apublic:public:B()B()void func()coutDestructor B endl;void

41、 func()coutDestructor B endl;B()func();B()func();void main()void main()B b;B b;A&a=b;A&a=b;输出为：输出为：Destructor BDestructor BDestructor ADestructor A1616、include include class My Class class My Class public:public:int number;int number;void set(int i);void set(int i);int number=3;int number=3;void MyC

42、lass:set(int i)void MyClass:set(int i)number=i;number=i;void main()void main()MyClass my1;MyClass my1;int number=10;int number=10;my1.set(5);my1.set(5);coutmy1.numberend1;coutmy1.numberend1;my1.set(number);my1.set(number);coutmy1.numberendl;coutmy1.numberendl;my1.set(:number);my1.set(:number);coutmy

43、1.number;coutmy1.number;输出为：输出为：5 510103 31717、#include#includeclass AAAclass AAAint A,B;int A,B;public:public:AAA(int i,int j)AAA(int i,int j)A=i,B=j;A=i,B=j;coutCn;coutCn;AAA()coutDn;AAA()coutDn;void print()void print()coutA,Bn;coutA,Bprint();a1-print();a2-print();a2-print();delete a1;delete a1;de

44、lete a2;delete a2;输出为：输出为：C CC C1,21,25,65,6D DD D1818、#include#include class b1class b1 public:public:b1(int x)b1(int x)coutxAn;coutxAn;b1()b1()coutBn;coutBn;class b2class b2 public:public:b2(int x)coutxCn;b2(int x)coutxCn;b2()b2()coutDn;coutDn;class AAA:public b2,public b1class AAA:public b2,publi

45、c b1 public:public:AAA(int x,int y):b1(y),b2(x)AAA(int x,int y):b1(y),b2(x)coutEn;coutEn;AAA()coutFn;AAA()coutC5-C7-A7-AE EF FB BD D1919、#include#includeclass FATHERclass FATHER public:public:virtual void answer()coutI am fathern;virtual void answer()coutI am fathern;class DAUGHTER:public FATHERclas

46、s DAUGHTER:public FATHER public:public:virtual void answer()coutI am daughtern;virtual void answer()coutI am daughtern;class SON:public FATHERclass SON:public FATHER public:public:void answer()coutI am sonn;void answer()coutanswer();who-answer();who=&daughter;who=&daughter;who-answer();who-answer();

47、who=&son;who=&son;who-answer();who-answer();输出为：输出为：I am fatherI am fatherI am daughterI am daughterI am sonI am son2020、#include#include class Baseclass Base public:public:Base()coutGenerate Baseendl;Base()coutGenerate Baseendl;Base()coutDestroy Baseendl;Base()coutDestroy Baseendl;class child:publi

48、c Baseclass child:public Base public:public:child():Base()coutGenerate childendl;child():Base()coutGenerate childendl;child()coutDestroy childendl;child()coutDestroy childendl;void main()void main()child c2;child c2;输出为：输出为：Generate BaseGenerate BaseGenerate childGenerate childDestroy childDestroy c

49、hildDestroy BaseDestroy Base2121、#include#include#include#include class StudentIDclass StudentID public:public:StudentID(int id=0)StudentID(int id=0)value=id;value=id;cout Assigning student id value endl;cout Assigning student id value endl;StudentID()StudentID()cout Destructing id value endl;cout D

50、estructing id value endl;protected:protected:int value;int value;class Studentclass Student public:public:Student(char*pName=noName,int ssID=0)Student(char*pName=noName,int ssID=0)cout Constructing student pName endl;cout Constructing student pName endl;strncpy(name,pName,sizeof(name);strncpy(name,p