2020届杭州市育才中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、20202020 届杭州市育才中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析届杭州市育才中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AUnique LighthousesAugust 7 is National Lighthouse Day.Its a day to celebrate the lights that guideus home and the hi

2、storicimportance of lighthouses and their keepers,who not only guided ships into harbor but also played key roles innaval battles across the globe.Check out these fantastic lighthouses across the globe as well as recommendationson the best places to stay near them.Cape Byron Lighthouse,Byron Bay,Aus

3、traliaThe Cape Byron Lighthouse in Byron Bay,Australia was built in the early 20th century to help protect theAustralian coastline.Today,its a beautiful location to watch the sunrise.Within walking distance is the Watermark,a perfect place to stay and get some much-needed rest and relaxation from da

4、ily life.Lighthouse of Chania,Crete,GreeceThe Lighthouse of Chania,Crete is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world,dating back to thesixteenth century.Travelers can take a walk along its long pier(码头)during the sunset.Located near the pier tothe lighthouse is a hotel from 1890,which of

5、fers beautiful views of the bay.Key West Lighthouse,Key West,Florida,USAThe Key West Lighthouse was built in 1825 to help guide ships entering the port.Travelers can enjoy climbingup the lighthouse to reach the wonderful sea views and can stay at the KimptonLighthouse Hotel,with easy access to the l

6、ighthouse and the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum.Pigeon Point Lighthouse,Pescadero,California,USAThe Pigeon Point Lighthouse in Pescadero,California was built in1871 to help ships navigate(导航)theregions dangerous coastline.Today,the lighthouse is a state landmark,and the quarters where the lightho

7、usekeepers lived have been turned into a hostel,making it a great home base to explore the outdoors,spot whalesand watch the stars.1.Why is National Lighthouse Day celebrated?A.To show the hard life of lighthouse keepers.B.To instruct how to guide ships into harbor.C.To honor lighthouses and their k

8、eepers.D.To stress the importance of light.2.Of the following lighthouses,which is the oldest?A.Cape Byron Lighthouse.B.Lighthouse of Chania.C.Key West Lighthouse.D.Pigeon Point Lighthouse.3.What do the listed lighthouses have in common?A.They are all located in the USA.B.They have becometourist att

9、ractions.C.They offer accommodation to visitors.D.They are good spots to watch the sunrise.BAt any moment,about half the worlds population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes.But few realize tiny bitsof denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water,as a new study shows.Sam Athey,on

10、e of the studys authors,says,“Even though denim is made of a natural materialcotton,itcontains chemicals.”Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals,she notes.Some improve itsdurability and feel.Others give denim its distinctive blue color1.Athey and her team washed jeans and found that

11、 about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash.Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment.Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99percent ofthem.Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good.But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash.And since every pair

12、of jeans is washed again and again,it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the waterenvironment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes.More of these fibers polluted aseries of shallow lakesin southern Ontario.They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in

13、 northernCanada.The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment.There were othermicrofibers too.But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,”Athey

14、says.“An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.”Athey grew up thinking she should wash herjeans after wearing them every couple of times,but most jean companies recommend washing them no morethan once a month.“The solution is not that you shouldnt wear jeans,”she says.“We need to

15、 buy fewer denimclothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B.Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.C.Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.D.Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.5.What

16、 does the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Denim.B.Sediment.C.Microfibers.D.Chemicals.6.What does the author mainly want to tell us through Atheys words?A.To avoid wearing jeans.B.To reduce denim consumption.C.To wash jeans more often.D.To limit input in denim production.7.In which sec

17、tion of a magazine might the text be found?A.Science.B.Entertainment.C.Tourism.D.Geography.CThe AI research arm of Alibaba created a machine learning model that received a higher score on theStanford Question Answering Dataset than humans.The database consists of more than 100,000 questions to testr

18、eading comprehension.In early January this year the Alibaba AI software machine scored 82.44 on the test while humans scored82.304.Besides,computers and AI have already defeated humans,for example in games such as chess.However,it seemed that language skills were superior in humans as machines find

19、languages hard to master.A large number of call center employees,often in developing countries,may be out of work soon if the AIrobots are cheaper and as effective as human labor.Soon when you phone a company for information theconversation will go like this:“We are sorry but all our robots are busy

20、 right now.We value your call.Please stayon the line until a robot is free to serve you.There are just 12 callers ahead of you.”A robot will serve you somepopular tunes while you wait.Si Luo,who is a chief scientist of natural language processing at Alibabas AI research group noted thatquestions suc

21、h as“What causes rain?”can now be answered with a high degree of accuracy by robots.Si Luo said,“We believe the foundational technology can be gradually applied to a lot of applications such as customerservice,museum tutorials,and online responses to inquiries from patients,freeing human efforts in

22、a new way.”Si Luos team is working closely with Ali Xiaomi,a mobile customer service chatbot.Ali Xiaomi can becustomized to be used on Alibabas platforms such as Taobao and Tmall.The new AI robots could answerconsumers questions as they did the Stanford questions.The robots would look for the answer

23、s from preparedinformation.However,there are limits to what the system will be able to do.If questions do not have clear-cutanswers,or the questions asked are too unclear or ungrammatical,the robot may not be able to deal with them.8.What can we learn about the Alibaba AI software machine?A.It has b

24、een tested in some areas.B.It has become popular since January.C.It has offered a special learning style.D.It has made people interested in reading.9.What does the example in paragraph 3 show about the AI robots?A.They should have better language skills.B.They may replace humans in some fields.C.The

25、y need to be customized to serve customers.D.They will be widely used in developing countries.10.How does Si Luo feel about the foundational technology?A.Doubtful.B.Worried.C.Curious.D.Confident.11.What can we infer from the lastparagraph about Ali Xiaomi?A.It needs to improve in some ways.B.It is c

26、onnected with another system.C.It is a platform to show good service.D.It can answer any questions accordingly.DOlder adults with a better sense of smell may live longer than thosewho have a poor sense of smell,a newstudy suggests.The study was a project of researchers in theUnited Statesthat was on

27、going for over 13 years.Theyasked nearly 2,300 men and women to identify 12 common smells.All the subjects were from 71 to 82 years ofage.The researchers gave the adults scores,from 0 to as high as 12,based on how many smells they identifiedcorrectly.During the years of follow-up investigation,over

28、1,200 of the subjects died.When the study was launched,none of the adults were weak.They could walk a little under half a kilometer,climb 10 steps and independentlycomplete daily activities.In the latest findings,the researchers noted that those with a weak nose were 30 percentmore likely to die tha

29、n people with a good sense of smell.The findings were reported last month in the scientificpublication Annals of Internal Medicine.Honglei Chen,a doctor withMichiganStateUniversityinEast Lansing,Michigan,was the lead writer of a reporton the study.He said the connection between a poor sense of smell

30、 and an increased risk of dying was limited toadults who first reported good-to-excellent health.This suggests that a poor sense of smell is an early andsensitive sign for worsening health before it is recognizable in medical tests.With a poor sense of smell,peopleare more likely to die of brain and

31、 heart diseases,but not of cancer or breathing disorders.The results also suggest that a poor sense of smell may be an early warning for poor health in older age thatgoesbeyond dementia or other neurodegenerative(神经变性的)diseases.These often signal the beginning of aweakening of the mind or body.12.Wh

32、at do you know about the study mentioned?A.The study involved researchers from the world.B.All the participants were of different ages.C.The study began to be performed about 13 years ago.D.2,300 men and women were young and healthy.13.What was the situation like at the beginning of the study?A.More

33、 than 1,200 of the participants passed away.B.Many of the subjects were found with health problems.C.All the subjects were independent of others when walking.D.One third of the participants had a poor smell sense.14.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A.People with a poor sense of smel

34、l have heart disease.B.You should be careful with your health if you smell poorly.C.People with a poor sense of smell wont suffer from cancer.D.Most of the elder people may have the dementia disease.15.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Strong Sense of Smell May Be Linked to Longer LifeB.Old

35、People Tend to Have a Poor Sense of SmellC.A Number of Factors Result in Longer LifeD.Being Ill Means Losing the Sense of Smell第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项The Case for ClassicsMany high schoolers complain when they look at a course syl

36、labus(大纲)for Chinese and see literaryassignments that includeThe Story Of The Stoneand other pieces of classic literature._16_But there are somegood reasons why reading the classics is an important part of a 21st century education._17_As students explore texts that were written hundreds of years bef

37、ore,they peer through a windowinto the world as it was in those days.Being able to hear those voices from the past is a privilege young peopleshould be grateful to have.Furthermore,as students examine classic works,they begin to see the fabric of history from a differentperspective.Absorbed with the

38、ir own daily activities,most teens rarely think about the fact that humancivilization has been around for a long time._18_The experiences and perspectives of those people canprovide important insights into the challenges that teenagers face today.The wording and style may have changed,but the underl

39、ying themes that stir the heart,including love,loss,courage,revolution,and humor,are as truetoday as they were for the authors of these early works.One of the most important reasons to study classic literature,however,is to expand ones mind._19_Toillustrate this,a group of scientists gathered volunt

40、eers who agreed to have their brains scanned while readingphrases from classic literature in both their original form and in modern translations.The result of the studyshowed a significant increase in the brain activity of people reading the original texts._20_It connects students to the history and

41、 values of the broader human community.It challenges theirminds with the ideas and words of people who came before them.Therefore,if todays teens are going to grow asreaders,writers,and critical thinkers,it is essential that classic literature remains a part of their education.A.Clearly,thats why it

42、 is so important.B.Classic literature is important in a high school education.C.These were things that were on peoples minds at that time.D.Students often wonder why they have to study“ancient”writing.E.Reading writings from long ago can be like stepping into a time machine.F.Nor do they realize the

43、ir lives are connected to the lives of the ancient people.G.Learning to appreciate an unfamiliar style of writing can stretch the brain and help it grow stronger.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项More

44、than 30,000 runners,selected from 160,000 applicants both in and out of China,took part in this yearsBeijing Marathon on Nov.3.Wearing color1 ful T-shirts and posing for photos,they_21_at Tiananmen Square before takingtheir_22_at the starting line.Nearlyadecadeago,Chinesemarathon_23_struggled to mak

45、e fullpreparations.Now,atbig_24_like the Beijing Marathon,runners must win a lottery to enter.This is_25_of the worlds running boom.For millions of runners around the world,the real reasonthey_26_to pound the roads until their legs hurt is more than weight loss or fitness.Chasing records like the th

46、ree-hour_27_,for example,is important,but its not the reason people runmile after mile,up hills,in wind and rain,when they could just stay_28_in their beds.Record timesare_29_the carrots they hang in front of themselves.Last year,a runner in the United Kingdom_30_with the goal of running a marathon

47、in less thanthreehours.Intheend,he_31_inthreehoursandtwominutes.However,hewas_32_afterward.If Id done it,that would be it,Mie told the Guardian.“Now Ive still got my_33_,I can try again nextyear.”Although running is_34_and requires effort,it also brings joy._35_children.When theyare excited,they can

48、t stop running back and forth,_36_.Indeed,when we race through the streets of a city,splashing through puddles(水洼),getting_37_inthe rain and ruffled in the wind,we can_38_that childish joy again.As Holden Caulfield,themain_39_of the novelThe catchertheRye(麦田里的守望者),said,“I dont_40_know what Iwas runn

49、ing for Iguess I just felt like it.”21.A.workedB.pickedC.gatheredD.speeded22.A.placesB.businessesC.chargesD.suggestions23.A.teachersB.organizersC.studentsD.teammates24.A.eventsB.incidentsC.showsD.things25.A.partB.significanceC.taskD.benefit26.A.think outB.head outC.cry outD.bring out27.A.peaceB.stud

50、yC.progressD.mark28.A.calmB.comfortableC.healthyD.hopeless29.A.onlyB.hardlyC.completelyD.particularly30.A.hikedB.injuredC.refreshedD.trained31.A.finishedB.occurredC.failedD.attempted32.A.astonishedB.pleasedC.worriedD.upset33.A.prizeB.loveC.targetD.future34.A.hardB.flexibleC.excitingD.reasonable35.A.