2018年北京中考英语试卷.pdf

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1、.20182018 年市高级中等学校招生考试年市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷英语试卷知识运用（共 14 分）一、单项填空（共 6 分，每小题 05 分）从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I.My brother and I like football._ play it together once a week.A.IB.TheyC.WeD.You2.Happy birthday,Peter!Heres a gift_ you.A.forB.inC.withD.from3.-_do you usually go to school,Mary-By bi

2、ke.A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.Why4.Many people like pandas_ they are cute.A.thoughB.ifC.whileD.because5.I _go now,or Ill miss my train.A.canB.mightC.mustD.could6.Tony is _ of the three boys,but he is the tallest.A.youngB.youngerC.youngestD.the youngest7.Bill likes reading.He _ picture books with his dad ev

3、ery evening.A.readB.readsC.is readingD.has read8.-Paul,what were you doing at nine last night-I _ a movie in the cinema with my friends.A.was watchingB.watchC.have watchedD.will watch9.David is a tennis player.He_to play tennis when he was six years old.A.beginsB.will begin C.began D.has begun10.-Lu

4、cy,is your uncle a teacher-Yes,he is.He _ history for nearly 20 years.A.teachesB.has taughtC.is teachingD.will teach-优选.11.A new international airport _ in the city next year.A.pletesB.is pletedC.will pleteD.will be pleted12.一 Alice,could you tell me_ London-Sure.Last SundayA.when Mr.Smith leftB.whe

5、n Mr.Smith will leaveC.when did Mr.Smith leaveD.when will Mr.Smith leave二、完形填空（共 8 分，每小题 1 分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Real SolutionsReal Solutions（解决方法）（解决方法）to Problemsto ProblemsThirty engineers were working as a team in a pany.They were young and eager to learn.The management

6、decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems.One day,the team was called for a _13_ in a hall.They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holdingvarious _14_.As they entered,they found a box placed in the center,full of flat balloons.The manager asked everyone to pick a ball

7、oon and blow it up.Then they were asked to write their names ontheir respective（各自的）balloons_15_so that the balloons wouldnt blow out.All tried,but not everyone was_16_.Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力）.Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were _17_ out of the game.As a resu

8、lt,25 engineerscame to the next level.All the balloons carrying their names were _18_and then put into a room,here and there.The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on.All the 25 engineers began to search forthe respective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no o

9、ne was able to _19_ the right one.The secondlevel of the game was over.Then came the final level.The engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to the person named on theballoon.Within a couple of minutes,all balloons_20_ the hands of the respective engineers.The manager announced this was

10、 the real solution to the problem.Many times in our life,sharing and helpingothers give us real solutions to problems.13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.party14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans15.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly16.A.honestB.readyC.patientD.successful17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruled

11、D.cheated-优选.18.A.collectedB.weighedC.tiedD.cleaned19.A.markB.hideC.numberD.find20.A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit阅读理解（共 36 分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共 26分，每小题 2 分）ARoger:Hi,there!It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.Some of my friends and Alan,my cousin,came to celebrate it.Ev

12、eryone brought me a gift.We had a party.We played games,sang songs and had a big birthday cake.It was reallya wonderful day!Did you do anything special last weekJessica:Yes,My class were on a school field trip last week.First,we went to the University of North Carolina to learnabout the history of i

13、ts basketball team.Many basketball stars were students there!Then we visited a museum.Welearned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.Sara:Well,I was lucky enough to go to a conference（会议）on charity(慈善)last Wednesday.I was so excited tomeet a lot of kind people there.One of t

14、hem was a boy named Richard.He spoke at the conference about the charitywork that he had done in the past few years.Martin:It was a different week than usual.Last Thursday,my school band(乐队)went to Atlanta to perform in apetition.I played the violin and we won a prize!On Friday,we went to the Georgi

15、a Aquarium and got to see differentkinds of sea life from all over the world.It was really cool!21.When did Roger have his birthday partyA.Last Wednesday.B.Last Thursday.C.Last Friday.D.Last Saturday-优选.22.Who went on a school field trip last weekA.AlanB.JessicaC.SaraD.Richard23.Martin went to Atlan

16、ta to_.A.speak at a conferenceB.organize a partyC.perform in a petitionD.visit a universityBA Beautiful MomentWhen I was in high school,I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a market.One day,as Iwas preparing the fruits,a little boy came by with his mom and sister.He was about

17、 eight years old,and the girl,fiveor six.They were looking at the fruits in front of me.I heard the kids say to their mom(in French),Theyre good!Iknew it was French,because I can speak and understand it.Then I noticed how the mom was picking the fruits.At first I thought she was really looking at th

18、e fruitsbecause she was facing them,but then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked themout.And she often asked her son if it looked okay,but looked way above where his face was.Putting what I sawtogether,I was sure she was blindBoth of the kids continued to help their m

19、om pick out the fruits.The son made sure the fruits were notobviously bad,and the daughter handed them to her mom.The woman then felt each one and smiled,and thedaughter would put them into their basket.The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.Their smile and gentle manner m

20、oved me in a way that never happened before.It was so beautiful to see suchyoung kids so willingly help.Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves,instead of helping their mom pick out fruits,as the two kids did.It was great to witness the moment,but not so gre

21、at because I didnt tell the mom how beautiful her childrenwere in their language.This is what I regret to this day.24.The woman and her kids came to the market to buy_.A.fruitsB.vegetablesC.candiesD.toys25.According to what he saw,the writer was sure the mother couldnt_.A.speakB.seeC.smellD.hear26.T

22、he writer was moved because_.-优选.A.the mother was brave to face her problemsB.the kids were polite and kind to each otherC.the mother was careful in picking out thingsD.the kids were so willing to help their motherCSome primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around.Th

23、ey are likely to ewith larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain.These differences are associated(关联)with beneficial effects on cognitive function（认知功能）This is the main conclusion of a study led by theBarcelona Institute for Global Health.The study was performed among 253

24、 schoolchildren in Spain.Lifelong exposure(接触)to green space in theliving places was recorded-using the information on the childrens addresses from birth up through to the time ofthe study.Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Working memory andinattentiveness（注意力不集中）w

25、ere graded with puters.This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brainstructure,”says Dr.Payam Dadvand,the leading researcher of the study.Our findings suggest that exposure togreen space early in life could result in beneficial structural chang

26、es in the brain.”The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey mattervolumes in several parts of the brain.Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests.Moreover,largervolumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to b

27、etter working memory and less inattentiveness.Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children.Another study of 2,593 children shows that children in schools with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and agreater decrease in inattentiveness.

28、Humans are believed to be tied to nature.Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search andlearn.Accordingly,green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery,creativity and risk taking.These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.Dr.Dadvands study

29、 suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of greenspace on cognitive development.It also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure togreenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.Further studies are ne

30、eded to prove the findings in other populations,settings and climates.And researchers-优选.need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.27.The second paragraph is mainly about_.A.how the study was performedB.what was recorded in the studyC.how long the study lastedD.w

31、ho took part in the study28.The word prompt in Paragraph 6 probably means_.A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.change29.What can we learn from the passageA.Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brainB.Dr.Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environmentC.Studies proved the infl

32、uence of greenness on populations out of SpainD.Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.DWe often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock ourself-improvement power.However,theres always something staring at us right under o

33、ur nose but we dont see it.The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst.When do we realize that we need to change diets When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us.When do westop eating candies and chocolates When all of our teeth have fallen off.Wh

34、en do we realize that we need to stopsmoking When our lungs have gone bad.We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world isfalling apart.We think and feel this way because

35、 it is not easy to change,but change bees more painful when weignore(忽视)it.Change will happen,like it or hate it.At one point or another,we are all going to finally unlock ourself-improvement power not because the world says so,but because we realize its for our own good.Happy people dont just accep

36、t change,they embrace(拥抱)it.Unlocking our self-improvement powermeans unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are.It is such a poor excuse for peoplewho fear change.Jane always tells everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people.She heard herfa

37、mily tell the same things about her to other people.Over the years,that is what Jane has believed.Every time a-优选.great crowd e,she steps back and locks herself up in a room.Jane not only believes in her story,but lives it!Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word,but if we look at things

38、 in a different way,we mighthave greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved.Threesessions in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life.Reading books every day would build up knowledge.And only when we are enjoying the whole process

39、 of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that werebeginning to take things light and bee happy.30.The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that_.A.we learn our lessons when we experience painB.we are responsible for the problems we meetC.life fails us when we ge

40、t into the wrong wayD.life is a long journey full of ups and downs31.What is the key to solving Janes problemA.She needs to remember why she started.B.She has to know how to get on with people.C.She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.D.She needs to understand the importance of confid

41、ence.32.The writer probably agrees that_.A.the world tells us how to improve ourselvesB.people change when they find it easy to do thatC.weling change in life is a drive to bee betterD.enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler33.Which of the following would be the best title for th

42、e passageA.Is it important to take things lightB.Is it necessary to embrace challengesC.To hold on to the last moment or to give upD.To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it四、阅读短文，根据短文容回答问题。（共 10 分，每小题 2 分）When it es to the letter grade on your test or homework,you might notice that there i

43、s no letter E.Have you-优选.ever thought about why that is soIn the A,B,C,D and F grading system,the first four letters are typically considered passing grades.An F in thissystem simply stands for fail.The word fail happens to start with the letter F,which seems to leave out the letter E.The fact of t

44、he matter is that any letter can mean not-passing or fail.Some schools have U grade forunsatisfactory,or I grade for“inplete”.Even with all this said,we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty monly throughoutthe history of letter grades in the US.The first college in the US

45、 to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College.In 1897.they began to use the following grading scale:A:95-100%(excellent)B:85-94%(good)C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barely passed)E:below 75%(failed)We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.Gradually,the letter grading sys

46、tem became more popular throughout the US.However,many schools decidedto drop the E grade and go straight to F.There is no evidence(证据)to really support this,but one possibleexplanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for excellent.Why do we have letter g

47、rades Well,part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of greatchange for schools.As the 20th century began,growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger schoolclassrooms.Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy,fair and clear

48、 way tograde students.Today,more and more people argue that letter grades don t fully reflect(反映)student learning.However,asteachers try to improve grading methods,many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids.They arefamiliar(熟悉)and easy for parents to understand.So while they m

49、ight not be perfect,the letter grades probablyarent going away any time soon.34.What does an F stand for in the A,B,C,D and F grading system35.When was the letter grading system first used in the US college36.What is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade37.What did most teachers think of

50、 the letter grading system in the 20th century38.Why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today-优选.书面表达（共 10 分）五、文段表达（10 分）39从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和。题目 1假如你是华，你们学校将要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生 Peter 参加，请用英语写一封电子，告诉他讲座的时间和地点。以及需要做什么准备提示词语：lect