2020届广西省贵港市高级中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、20202020 届广西省贵港市高级中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析届广西省贵港市高级中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A ADesign a science holiday to win a science holidayIs there a scientific holiday,tour,vacation or experience in your

2、 list that you dream of making a reality?Wemight just be able to help with that!We are the crowd sourcing thoughts and suggestions onnew tours,and thewinner will receive two free places on their tour when its launched.Starting entries1st May 2020Deadline31st August 2020ENTER NOW-Write a brief descri

3、ption of your ideal science holiday,tour,vacation or experience.-No matter how big or small,we are looking for brilliant,unique thoughts.It can be a complex multi-locationoverseas holiday tour,a weekend away deep-diving,or a simple walking tour(and everything in between).-Our current tours are mainl

4、y individual-focused but we would love to hear ideas for families and schools.-Creations that have environmentally friendly themes and a low carbon impact are also welcome.-Your entry can be as simple as a great title but writing more specifies will improve the possibility of walkingoff with the pri

5、ze.-The competition doesnt close by September,2020,so plenty of time to brainstorm your entry.-We will launch the best idea in late 2020 or at the beginning of 2021.The winner will receive the awardonce the result is published.If you want to submit more than 3,999 words,include photos/maps with your

6、 entry,or submit multiple.Thecompetitionguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailable at .1.When will the winner probably be announced?A.In August,2020.B.In September,2020.C.In January,2021.D.In May,2021.2.What kind of entries might be more likely to win?A.Those producing a low carbon impact.B.Th

7、ose with a long and unique title.C.Those providing detailed information.D.Those for individual-focused tours.3.What is the purpose of this text?A.To give guidance on a competition.B.To advertise a science holiday.C.To inspire creativity in teenagers.D.To collect the ideas for tours.BWhen you walk wi

8、th a backpack,do you know how the things inside move from side to side?Now scientistshavefigured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.Picture a pendulum(摆锤)fixed to a backpack frame and stabilized with springs on either side.The packsweight is attached to the pendulum,so the pend

9、ulum swings side to side as you walk.Then a machine is driven bythat swinging movement,and spits out electrical current to charge a battery.Volunteers carried the pack while walking on a running machine and wore masks to measure the flow ofO2and CO2.Walking with the slightly swinging 20-pound load,t

10、he device(设备)did not significantly affect thevolunteers metabolic(新陈代谢的)rate compared to when they carried the same weight fixed in place.In fact,the energy-harvesting pack reduced the forces of acceleration theyd feel in a regular pack,which might meangreater comfort for a long hike.And the device

11、did produce a steady trickle(涓流)of electricity.If you up the loadto 45 pounds,the swing of the pack could fully charge a smart phone only after 12 hours.The details are in thejournal Royal Society Open Science.The device produces electricity from human movement and has been identified as a workable

12、solution toproviding a renewable energy source for portable electronic devices.It is particularly useful for those who work inremote areas,as these people often carry a lot of weight in a backpack for their exploration.But heres a realconundrum:the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five poun

13、ds.The researchers saythats about four pounds too many to be a smart alternative to batteries.So they hope that more research letsthem lighten the load,to ensure the pack charges you up without weighing you down.4.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A.How the device works.B.What the device looks

14、 like.C.Who the device is designed for.D.Why scientists designed the device.5.Which of the following describes the device?A.It greatly affected the volunteers metabolic rate.B.It harvested energy as the volunteers walk.C.It failed to produce steady electricity.D.It was useless for a long walk.6.What

15、 does the underlined word“conundrum”in the last paragraph mean?A.Problem.B.Method.C.Bond.D.Decision.7.What will the researchers try to do next?A.Increase the charging speed of their device.B.Find smarter alternatives to batteries.C.Reduce the weight of their device.D.Put their device on the market.C

16、The relationship between humans and the Amazon Rainforest has not always been a harmonious one.However,recent research suggests that the native peoples ofthe Putumayo region helped to protect the rainforest,leaving it unchanged for 5,000 years.Perhaps humans coexisting with nature is possible after

17、all.The study,published in PNAS,looked at soil samples in the Putumayo region of the Amazon in Peru to findhow humans influenced the land.The researchers found that the trees still growing in the region today have beengrowing there for the last 5,000 years evidence that the area has not been home to

18、 cities and farmland in thattime.Traces of charcoal(木炭)found in the,soil,however,indicate that people did live there;they just did so in away that had minimum influence on their environment.To come to these conclusions the team dug a 0.6-0.9 meter deep column into the ground,taking samples ofsoilfro

19、m different heights along the column.Back in the lab,samples were carbon-dated to determine their ageand then sorted under a microscope to look for microscopic mineral particles,known as phytoliths(植硅体).Phytoliths are essential evidence of plants they remained in the soil thousands of years after th

20、e plant died.Soresearchers can use them to tell which plants have grown in an area in the past.Over 5,000 years worth of samples,no species loss was detected.These findings suggest that contrary tocommon belief,the Amazon is not untouched by humans,but rather has been protected by them for thousands

21、 ofyears.The management of the rainforest by native peoples appears to have been vital in preserving its biodiversityand will continue to be important in the fight to prevent it from acollapse.As Nigel Pitman,a co-author on the paper,said:“Since this particular forest is still being protected by nat

22、ivepeoples,I hope this study reminds us all how important it is to support their work.”8.How did native peoples deal with the rainforest in the region of Putumayo?A.They always destroyed the rainforest.B.They had a side effect on the rainforest.C.They never lived in the area of the forest.D.They had

23、 been in harmony with the forest.9.What did the researchers try to find in the Amazon forest in Peru?A.The diversity of the plants in the rainforest.B.The evidence of human influence on the forest.C.The nutrition of the soil samples in the rainforest.D.The survival age of growing trees in the rainfo

24、rest.10.What does the underlined word“collapse”mean in Paragraph 4?A.Sudden decrease.B.Bad management.C.Poor preservation.D.Over development.11.What can be inferred from Nigel Pitmans words?A.Native peoples should protectthe rainforest.B.We should help protect the Amazon Rainforest.C.More science re

25、search should be done on rainforest.D We should make good use of the Amazon Rainforest.DOne billion people in the world are short of water.How can this problem be solved.Some suggestions havebeen to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant.(Sugge

26、stions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.)One possibility that scientistsare considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a watershortage.Although many questions must be answered before such a project could

27、be tried,moving icebergsseems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers,mathematicians,and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as afuture source of water.Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage.Scientists

28、 estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg(about 1/2 square mile)to Saudi Arabia.Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day.Therefore,insulation would be essential,but howto insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceb

29、erg are numerous.The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull.Theicebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape.Only a small portionextends above the water most of the iceberg is below the surface,which would make it difficult to pull.SouthPole iceberg

30、s,on the other hand,are flat and float like table tops.Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved.No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight throughthe water.Perhaps several ships could be used.Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enorm

31、ousproblem.Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice.What would happen if theiceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling.Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen,howcould it be pulled through stormy waters.Furthermore,once the iceberg reach

32、ed its destination,very few portswould be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water.Yet scientistsestimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future.Each year,enough icebergs form to supplythe whole world

33、with fresh water for a full year.In addition,icebergs are free and nonpolluting.As a solution tothe worlds water problems,icebergs may be a workable possibility.12.What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A.The size of the iceberg.B.The colour of the iceberg.C.The salt in the iceberg.D.The movement

34、 of air and water.13.What is the author attitude towards transporting iceberg?A.Pessimistic.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Unconcerned.14.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A.It is hard to use iceberg.B.Iceberg are a good choice.C.There are problems with iceberg.D.Man finds no other ways to sol

35、ve water shortage.15.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Shortage of water.B.Icebergs for water.C.Scientists and icebergs.D.Icebergscientists headache.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Doctorshave successfully kepta heartbeatingina c

36、ontainer for24 hours,bringing hope tothousandsofpatients across the world in need of a life-saving transplant._16_However,the game-changingdevicecan preservea heartup to sixtimeslongerthan existingmethods.It provides the heart with oxygen and vital nutrients,allowing more time to transport it.The de

37、vice,named ULiSSES,fits into a carry-on box,so hearts can be flown around the world._17_And itis expected to cost under$100,000.University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts,whichare similar to ours._18_Dr.Rafael Veraza presented the findings on pig hearts at the annual meet

38、ing of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science in Seattle._19_Many yearslater,itisdone much the same way,Dr.Verazasaid.Donated heartsgenerallyremainviable(可存活的)foraround fourhours usingtraditionalpreservation methods._20_Beingabletokeep a heart viablefor 24 hours means you could trans

39、port it almost anywhere in the world,and this could savemany lives.A.It is expected to come into use soon.B.The extra time could bring more hope to patients.C.Usually,a donated heart can only last about four hours.D.It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.E.The pig hearts rema

40、ined viable for 24 hours after they were removed.F.The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.G.They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5分，满分分

41、，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项High school students have a lot more power than they may realize.Belscher_21_a dollar on the floor when having his English class.When the schoolday_22_,Belscher walked back to the classroom.He could easily have_23_it,for the wrinkled(皱巴巴的)bill was

42、still there._24_,he brought the old bill to his English teacher,Mattison.Mattison was a little_25_hed turned;in the dollar,knowing a lot of people would have just kept it.She_26_that Belscher tape(d)it to the whiteboard,where she always puts_27_things.A day or two later,the school shut down for East

43、er_28_.Neither the teacher nor her student thoughttwice about the dollar.After school,a boy named Tom spotted the dollar on the whiteboard.“There wasa_29_to it.”Tom says.He asked Mattison why it was there.She replied,“I dont know.”ThenTom_30_a second dollar.The_31_of the two dollar bills side by sid

44、e triggered(触发)something in Mattisons students.Theystarted asking about the_32_of the money,to which Mattison always gave the_33_answer:She didnt know.However,thestudents,amongthemselves,decidedandunderstoodMattisonhadsomegood_34_final plan and goal.So,they wanted to be part of whatever this was.The

45、y_35_theirsavings and the amount continue to grow.As for the_36_dollar,the person who lost it never camelooking.That left Mattison to make the best decision.She thought of her brother-in-law,Jack Hains,who had died ofALS,a_37_and deadly disease.His sister died of the same_38_.Mattison asked the teen

46、swhether they_39_if they donated(捐赠)the money.Their answer was that they definitely didnt.Then,they_40_peeled(剥开)the cash off the board and made the donation to the ALS Institute established tofind a cure for the disease.21.A.hidB.lostC.noticedD.dropped22.A.startedB.endedC.arrivedD.passed23.A.discov

47、eredB.ignoredC.pocketedD.accepted24.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.InsteadD.Meanwhile25.A.excitedB.surprisedC.frightenedD.interested26.A.realizedB.commandedC.recognizedD.suggested27.A.lostB.requiredC.selectedD.damaged28.A.breakB.dinnerC.meetingD.activity29.A.signalB.responseC.keyD.mystery30.A.earnedB.tapedC.

48、missedD.recovered31.A.sightB.discussionC.ideaD.story32.A.ownerB.totalC.powerD.purpose33.A.sameB.briefC.secureD.different34.A.unknownB.unchangedC.unspokenD.unexplored35.A.added toB.broke upC.watched overD.dug into36.A.formerB.importantC.valuableD.old37.A.bornB.rareC.commonD.mild38.A.operationB.treatm

49、entC.accidentD.condition39.A.wonderedB.mindedC.agreedD.regretted40.A.sadlyB.calmlyC.carefullyD.skillfully第二节（共第二节（共 1 10 0 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Henry Norman Bethune was a_41._(Canada)doctor with a very creative mind and a determination tohelp people.A

50、s a small boy,he became very interested in medicine,_42._(decide)to become a doctor.After he graduated from medical college in 1916,Bethune worked as_43._doctor inEngland,theUS,andCanada.He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments_44._(make)them more useful.In1938,Bethune left_45._China,