外研英语选修6课文原文每个模块4篇.pdf

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1、-.外研英语选修 6全部阅读课文原文每个模块 4 篇Module 1Module 1Small TalkSmall TalkHow Good Are Your Social SkillsHow Good Are Your Social SkillsHave you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognizeWould you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest Do youwant to make more friends but

2、lack the confidence to talk to people youdont know And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social eventin another country Dont worry we can help you!You neednt worry about situations like these if you have goodsocial skills.And they are easy to learn.People with good social skillsmunicate w

3、ell and know how to have a conversation.It helps if you do alittle advance planning.Here are a few ideas to help you.Learn how to do small talk.Learn how to do small talk.Small talk is very important and prepares you for more seriousconversations.Be prepared!Have some low-risk conversation openers r

4、eady.For example:Think of a recent news story not to serious,e.g.a story about a-优选-.film star or sports star.Think of things to tell people about your studies.Think of“safe things you can ask peoples opinions about music,sport,films,etc.Think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to st

5、rangers and avoid talking about them!That way,you dont damage yourconfidence!Develop your listening skillsListening is a skill which most people lack,but munication is a two-wayprocess it involves speaking AND listening.Always remember youwont impress people if you talk too much.Here are some ideas

6、to makeyou a better listener:DOShow that you are listening by using encouraging noises and gestures smiling,nodding,saying“uh-huh and“OK,etc.Keep good eye contactUse positive body languageAsk for more information to show your interestDONTLook at your watchYawnSign-优选-.Look away from the person whos

7、talking to youChange the subjectFinish other peoples sentences for themAlways remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli,British PrimeMinister in the 19thcentury:“Talk to a man about himself,and he willspeak to you for hours!Learn the rulesLearn the rulesIf you go to a social occasion in another countr

8、y,remember thatsocial rules can be different.In some countries,for example,you have toarrive on time at a party;in other countries,you dont need to.In addition,you need to know how long you should stay,and when you have to leave.Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift,but in other places,you can t

9、akethings,but you neednt if you dont want t.remember also that in somecountries,you mustnt take flowers of a certain colour,because theyreunlucky.In most places,you dont have to take a gift to a party butfind our first!The Wrong Kind of Small TalkThe Wrong Kind of Small TalkEsther Greenbaum was a sa

10、leswoman for a firm of fax machines andbusiness supplies.But she was also the most outspokenhuman being inthe world well,Westchester County,at least.Her motto was“Everytime I open my mouth,I put my foot in it.-优选-.Esther Greenbaums major shorting was that she had a pleteabsence of small talk.No,that

11、 not quite true.She had small talk,but itwas the wrong kind.In fact,she had never learnt the basic rules of socialmunication,and as a consequence,she made systematic mistakes every timeshe opened her mouth.It was no coincidence either that she wasnt a verygood saleswoman.One day during a meeting,Est

12、her was introduced to an importantcustomer,a mature woman.“Nice to meet you,she said.“How old are you Thecustomer looked awkward.“Forty Forty-five said Esther.“You kook much older.Andyour friend shes older than you,but she looks much younger!On another occasion,Esther teased a typist,“Hey!Whens your

13、baby dueThe typist went red and contradicted Esther.“Actually,Im notpregnant,she said.“Oh,sorry,said Esther without any apology.“Just putting on alittle weight,huhEsther was never cautious about other peoples feelings.One of heracquaintances,a salesman in the firm,was going through a very messydivor

14、ce and was very depressed.She tried to cheer him up.“Forget her!She was a plete fool.No one liked her anyway.-优选-.Much of the time,Esther said the first thing to e into her head.Oneday at work,a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle.“Nice haircut,said Esther.“How much did it costThe woman

15、replied,“Id rather not say.Esther replied,“Well,anyhow,either you paid too much or you paidtoo little.She met a very famous writer once.“Hey,what a coincidence!she said.“Youre writing a book and Im reading one!The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought,and didntthink about what she said.A

16、 young man was trying to modest about his newjob many miles away.“I guess the pany chose me so theyd get some peace in theoffice,he smiled.“No,I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending yourwhole career with us,Esther replied sweetly.Once,Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old sc

17、hool friendson the anniversary of their graduation.She greeted the hostess.“Do you remember that guy you were dating What happened tohim she asked.“You know,the ugly one.At the moment,a man came up and stood by her friend.“Esther,Id like you to meet my husband,she said,“Charles,this isEsther interru

18、pted her,“Hey,so you married him!-优选-.Making Friends in the USAMaking Friends in the USAIn the USA,conversation is less lively than in many other cultures,whereeveryone talks at the same time.When someone talks,everyone is expectedto listen,no matter how dull the persons speaking may be.If youre not

19、 sure what to talk about,you can ask what people do.Were defined by our jobs and were usually happy to talk about them,unless youre spy!Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more thanAsians,but are more secretive about factual matters.You can safely askquestions about families,whe

20、re you e from,leisure interests,as well as thelatest movies.Were interested in peoples ethnic background too.Butits best to avoid politics,religion and other sensitive topics.A highly personal conversation can take place after a very shortperiod of knowing someone,but this doesnt mean that youre clo

21、sefriends,or the relationship is very deep.But a lot of people are very friendlyand hospitable,and the famous invitation“If youre ever in Minneapolis/San Diego/Poughkeepsie,do call by and see us!is never madewithout a genuine desire to meet again.But while few Americans will worry about the question

22、s you may ask,particularly if you clearly show youre aware of cultural differences,theymay hesitate before they ask you similar questions.In fact,its a sign that-优选-.they dont wish to vio late your private life.So,many Americans will talkabout safe topics because they dont dare to be too curious or

23、personal,but will happily talk about more private matters if you take the lead.Generally we dislike arguments,and we avoid topics which lead todisagreement.Its easy to return to discussing the weather:“Do you likethe USA How do you like the weather or making pliments:What lovely flowers and what a b

24、eautiful vase!“Thats fabulous dressyoure wearing.You should accept pliments graciously and say“Thank you!There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation:age andmoney.Age is not treated as something very special,unless someone is veryold:“Isnt she wonderful for her age!and there are no special

25、 rules orsigns of extra respect for elderly people.Anyway,Americans always want tolook younger than they really are,so dont expect an accurate reply!Ine is a very private matter,and youd do well to avoid asking howmuch people earn,although some people may not only be open about it,butshow off their

26、wealth.We dont ask how much things cost,either.But what we dont like is silence,and almost anything is better thanthe embarrassment for a quiet party and silent guests.The AAAIt is estimated that 80%of all conversation in English is small talk.A very-优选-.important function of small talk is to establ

27、ish a relationship between peoplewho dont know each other very well,or dont know each other at all.Psychologists say that the most successful formula for small talkbetween people like this is the AAA model.AAA=answer,add and ask.This is how it works.Imagine a situation where two strangers are talkin

28、g to each other aftersomeone they both know has left the room,or the caf or party,etc.thefirst person asks a question:A:Do you live near hereThe second person replies by answering the question,adding someextra information and then asking another question:B:(Answer)Yes,I do.(Add)In an apartment on Br

29、own Street.(Ask)Do you live nearby tooThe first person does the same,answer,add and ask:A:(Answer)No,I live in Bristol.(Add)Im just visiting London.(Ask)Have you lived here longB:(Answer)Not so long.(Add)I moved here three years ago.(Ask)Whats the purpose of you visit to LondonThe speakers may have

30、difficulty at first,but they soon realize that the-优选-.important thing is that they are saying something.By continuing with theAAA model,the conversation continues.Because the thing they both wantto avoid is an embarrassing silence.The conversation can continue in this way for a long time.However,so

31、mething can happen that pletely changes the atmosphere.B:Why do you live in BristolA:Im studying there.History.Are you a studentB:Yes.And I know some people who are studying at Bristol.Do youknow a girl called Helen BrownA:Helen Brown Yes!Shes on of my best friends!How do youknow herB:Shes my cousin

32、.At this point,the AAA model stops.Because they used this veryuseful technique,they found something they have in mon at last.Module 2Module 2Fantasy LiteratureThe Cat That VanishedThe Cat That VanishedWill was stupefied with exhaustion,and he might have gone on to the north,or he might have laid his

33、 head on the grass under one of those trees andslept;but as he stood trying to clear his head,he saw a cat.She was a tabby,like Moxie.She padded out of a garden on the-优选-.Oxford side of the road,where Will was standing.Will put down hisshopping bag and held out his hand,and the cat came up to rub h

34、er headagainst his knuckles,just as Moxie did.Of course,every cat behaved likethat,but all the same Will felt such a longing to turn for home that tearsscalded his eyes.Eventually this cat turned away.This was night,and there was aterritory to patrol,there were mice to hunt.She padded across the roa

35、d andtowards the bushes just beyond the hornbeam trees,and there she stopped.Will still watching,saw the cat behave curiously.She reached out a paw topat something in the air in front of her,something quite invisible to Will.Then she leapt backwards,back arched and fur on end,tail held out stiffly.W

36、ill knew cat-behaviour.He watched more alertlyas the cat approachedthe spot again,just an empty patch of grass between the hornbeams and thebushes of a garden hedge,and patted the air once more.Again she leapt back,but less far and with less alarm this time.Afteranother few seconds of sniffing,touch

37、ing,whisker-twitching,curiosityovercame wariness.The cat stepped forward,and vanished.Will blinked.Then he stood still,close to the trunk of the nearest tree,as a truck came round the circle and swept its lights over him.When it hadgone past he crossed the road,keeping his eyes on the spot where the

38、 cathad been investigating.It wasnt easy,because there was nothing to fix on,-优选-.but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely,he saw it.At least,he saw it from some angles.It looked as if someone had cuta patch out of the air,about two metres from the edge of the road,a patchroughly

39、 square in shape and less than a metre across.If you were level withthe patch so that it was edge-on,it was nearlyinvisible,and it was pletelyinvisible from behind.You could only see it from the side nearest the road,and you couldnt see it easily even from there,because all you could seethrough it w

40、as exactly the same kind of thing that lay in front of it on thisside:a patch of grass lit by a street light.But Will knew without the slightest doubt that that patch of grass onthe other side was in a different world.He couldnt possibly have said why.He knew it at once,as strongly as he knew that f

41、ire burned and kindnesswas good.He was looking at something profoundly alien.And for that reason alone,it enticed him to stoopp and look further.What he saw made his head swim and his heart thump harder,but hedidnt hesitate:he pushed his shopping bag through,and then scrambledthrough himself,through

42、 the hole in the fabric of this world and intoanother.He found himself standing under a row of trees.But not hornbeamtrees:these were tall palms,and they were growing,like the trees in Oxford,in a line along the grass.But his was the centre of a broad boulevard,and atthe side of the boulevard was a

43、line of cafes and small shops,all brightly lit,-优选-.all open,and all utterly silent and empty beneath a sky thick with stars.Thehot night was laden with the scent of flowers and with the salt smell of thesea.Will looked around carefully.Behind him the full moon sone downover a distant prospect of gr

44、eat green hills,and on the slopes at the foot ofthe hills there ere houses with rich gardens and an open parkland withgroves of trees and the white gleam of a classical temple.Just beside him was that bare patch in the air,as hard to see from thisside as from the other,but definitely there.He bent t

45、o look through and sawthe road in Oxford,his own world.The turned away with a shudder:whatever this new world was,it had to be better than what hed just left.With a dawning light-headedness,the feeling that he was dreaming butawake at the same time,he stood up and looked around for the cat,hisguide.

46、The Story of J.K.Rowling and Harry PotterThe elder stateswoman of British fantasy literature is J.K.Rowling,thegifted creator of Harry Potter.Joanne Rowlings roots are in thesouthwest of England,where she grew up.But the idea for Harry Pottercame to her while she was on a delayed train between Manch

47、ester andLondon.She wrote down her ideas on the back of an envelope.She thenwent to teach English in Portugal,where she continued to add flesh to the-优选-.bones of the first Harry Potter story.But her name is forever associatedwith Edinburgh in Scotland,where she lived and developed the format forthe

48、 whole series of seven books.There are many anecdotes about how,in 1990,J.K.Rowling beganthe first draft of Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone.She had theextra burden of looking after her baby daughter while she worked,andbecause she was too poor to own a typewriter,she wrote by hand.She spentm

49、any hours over a single cup of coffee in a warm cafeteria in Edinburghbecause she had no money to pay for the heating at home.Success was not swift and Rowling might have given up.But she wasstubborn and overcame all the difficulties.It was only in 1997 that shepleted the first Harry Potter story,wh

50、ich,because the publishers in the USArequested an adjustment to the title,was also known as Harry Potter and theSorcerers Stone.Rowling always intended that her output would be a book every yearuntil she had finished the series.In fact,it took her about ten years to plete.But after the first book,th