定语从句归纳及专项练习题.pdf

《定语从句归纳及专项练习题.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《定语从句归纳及专项练习题.pdf（5页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、言简意赅，远见卓识，望君采纳，谢谢！删除水印可，编辑页眉，选中水印，点击删除。定语从句定语从句 语法归纳及练习语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who,whom,which,that 和 whose,另外，as 也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：w

2、hen,where和 why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词who先行词人从句成分主语，宾语例句Do you know the man who is talking with yourmother?Mr.Smith is the person with whom I amworkingThe boy(whom)she loved died in the war.备注whom人宾语关 系代词whose人，物thatwhichas人，物物人，物I like those books whose t

3、opics are abouthistory.定语The boy whose father works abroad is myclassmate.A plane is a machine that can fly.主语，宾语She is the pop star(that)I want to see verymuch.The book(which)I gave you was worth$10.主语，宾语The picture which was about the accident wasterrible.He is such a person as is respected by all

4、 of us.主语，宾语This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.whom,which 和 that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 thatas 做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）Do you know the professorwho/that will give us a speech next week?（作主语）I read a report about his new novelthat/which will soon be published.（作主语）The plan

5、 that/which they argued about was settled at last.（作宾语）This is the new secretary(who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you.（作宾语）The soldier whose legs were badly woundedwas operated on without delay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例）（二）关系代词 that 代替 which 的一些情况which,that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有

6、些情况下，只用 that。先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如：This is the bestthat has been used against pollution.English is the most difficult subjectthat you will learn during these years.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如：This is the last place(that)I want to visit.It is the first American movie of this kindthat Ive ever seen.

7、先行词是 all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时。例如：You should hand in allthat you have.We havent got much that we can offer you.先行词前面有 the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。例如：The only thingthat we can do is to give you some money.The little money(that)he had was

8、 stolen.（三）宜用 who,而不用 that 的一些情况 先行词是 one,ones,anyone时。例如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.Dont tell anyone about the newswho oughtnt to know it.先行词是 those 时。例如：Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况 先行

9、词既有人又有物时。1言简意赅，远见卓识，望君采纳，谢谢！删除水印可，编辑页眉，选中水印，点击删除。例如：Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about?The bike and its riderthat had run over an old man were taken to the police station.主句已有疑问词 who 或 which 时。例如：Which is the bikethat you lost?Who is the womanthat was praised at the meetin

10、g?（五）与 whose 有关的问题 whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如：I saw a womanwhose bag was stolen.Please show me the bookwhose cover is red.当 whose 表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which 的形式。例如：The buildingwhose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.The building,the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restauran

11、t.或 The building,of which the roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Have you seen the pen(which)I wrote the note with just now?（which 作介词 with 的宾语）Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now?但是，要注意的是：介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom 和 whic

12、h，而不再用 that 或 who。介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for,look after,take care of等。例如：错误：Who is the old manto that you were talking to?正确：Who is the old manto whom you were talking?或 Who is the old man(that/whom)you were talking to?错误：These are the sheepof which the boy took care.正确：These are

13、 the sheep(which/that)the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：Who is the guy that is reading over there?The number of peoplethat are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.All that needs to be done has been done.He is one of the studentswho u

14、se computer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupilsthat has failed the exam.例中的 all 意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that 与 which,who,whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句先行词为 all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时。1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered ha

15、ve been given out.先行词被 all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3.This is the best film that I have ever read.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时只用 that 的情况4.We talked about the persons and things that we先行词既指人又指物时remembered.先行词被 the only,the very修饰时5.He is the only man that I want to see.句中已经有 who 或 which 时，为了避

16、免重复时6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只 用which,who,whom 的情况在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which 指代物，用 who/whom 指人在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用 which 指物，whom指人。先行词本身是 that 时，关系词用 which,先行词为 those,one,he 时多用who。1.He has a son,who has gone abroad for furtherstudy.2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3.Th

17、ose who respect others are usually respected byothers.定语从句专项练习(1)1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.in which2.Do you know the man _?A.whom I spokeB.to who spokeC.I spoke to D.that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A.which they stayedB.at that they sta

18、yedC.where they stayed atD.where they stayed4.Do you know the year_the Chinese Communist Party wasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A.whichB.on whichC.in whichD.when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A.whereB.to whichC.whichD.in which7.Gre

19、at changes have taken place in the factory _we are workingsince then.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.This is one of the best films _.A.that have been shown this yearB.that have shownC.that has been shown this yearD.that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A.about which you talkedB.which

20、 you talkedC.about that you talkedD.that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A.with whichB.in whichC.on whichD.by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of _sat a small boy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whomB.on whomC.with whichD.wi

21、th whom13.Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A.whoB.whosC.whichD.whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A.all thatB.all whatC.thatD.which2言简意赅，远见卓识，望君采纳，谢谢！删除水印可，编辑页眉，选中水印，点击删除。15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.45.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?

22、A.whichB.whoC.whatD.asA.thatB./C.whichD.it16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall,_ he could seeA.whoB.whomC.thatD.as_ was going on inside house.17.He is good at English,_we all know.A.which;whatB.through which;whatA.thatB.asC.whomD.whatC.through that;whatD.wha

23、t;that18.Li Ming,_to the concert enjoyed it very much.47.Is _ some German friends visited last week?A.I went withB.with whom I wentA this school B.this the school C.this school oneD.this school whereC.with who I wentD.I went with him48.John got beaten in the game,_ had been expected.19.I dont like _

24、 as you read.A.asB.thatC.whatD.whoA.the novelsB.the such novelsC.such novels D.same novels49.I have bought two ballpens,_ writes well.20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_theyA.none of themB.neither of themremembered in the school.C.neither of whichD.none of whichA.whichB.thatC.whomD.what50.All that

25、 can be eaten _ eaten up.21.The letter is from my sister,_is working in Beijing.A.are beingB.has beenC.had beenD.have beenA.whichB.thatC.whomD.who定语从句专项练习（2）22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers,two thirds of _are1.Nearly all the streets are in straight lines,_ from east towomen.west.Those_ run

26、from north to south are called avenues.A.themB.whichC.whomD.whoA.running;thatB.run;whoC.running;whoD.run;that23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.2.This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;whoA.whenB.whereC.thatD.on which24.I lost a book,_I cant remem

27、ber now.3.Mr.Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn,_ weA.whose titleB.its titleC.the title of itD.the title of thatwill enjoythe Olympic Games in 2008.25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,_Hangzhou isA.whereB.whenC.whichD.howfamous in the world.4.The artist will not paint people or animal

28、s but he will paintA.for whichB.for thatC.in whichD whatanything _.26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A.that the little girl asks himB.the little girl asks him toA.thatB.whichC.asD.itC.for the little girl to ask himD.what the little girl asks him27.I can never forget the day _ we w

29、orked together and the5.How did you get in touch with the travel agent,Robin?day _ we spent together.Oh,thats easy.I surfed the Internet and then called oneA.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;that D.on which;when_ the telephone number is provided.28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A.whichB.in whic

30、hC.of whichD.whoseA.whichB.whoseC.whatD./6.October 15 th is my birthday,_ I will never forget.29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.whichA.in whichB.with whichC.thatD.for which7.The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point30.This machine,_for many

31、 years,is still working perfectly._ he can walk correctly and safely.A.after which I have lookedB.which I have looked afterA.whenB.whereC.whichD.whoseC.that I have looked afterD.I have looked after8.There are several research centers in China _ a certain31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.d

32、isease called Bird Flu is being studied.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.for that;hatD.for which;whatA.whichB.whereC.whenD.what32.He is working hard,_will make him pass the final exam.9.I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does goodA.thatB.whichC.for whichD.whoto them all.33.That is not the way _I d

33、o it.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whenA./B.whichC.for whichD.with which10.The time is not far away _ modern communications will34.I have two grammars,_are of great use.become widespread in Chinas vast countryside.A.all of whichB.either of which C.both of that D.both of whichA.asB.whenC.untilD.before35.I wan

34、t to use the same tools _used in your factory a few11._ is known to everybody,Taiwan is a part of China.Wedays ago.must unify it.A.as wasB.which wasC.as wereD.whichA.ItB.AsC.WhichD.What36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,12.I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was_ was

35、very kind of them.launched,_ has a great effect on my life.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.itA.when,whichB.that,whichC.which,thatD.when,that37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.13.The bread my wife makes is much better than _ you canA.thatB.whichC.from thatD.from whichbuy at a store.38.He is not suc

36、h a man _ would leave his work half done.A.that whichB.one thatA.thatB.whichC.whoD.asC.that of whichD.this of which39.You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.14.There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world.A./B.whyC.whenD.whoseA.thatB.whatC.whichD.as40.Smoking,_ is a bad habit,is,ho

37、wever,popular.15.The people,_ had been damaged by the flood,wereA.thatB.whichC.itD.thoughgiven help by the Red Cross.41.-Did you ask the guard _ happened?A.all whose homesB.all of whose homes-Yes,he told me all _ he knew.C.all their homesD.all of their homesA.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;

38、that16.The humans are destroying nature day by day,of42.I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm withcourse,will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.whoB.whenC.on whichD.whichA.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which17.Is t

39、his research center _ you visited the modern43.The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.equipment last year?A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;areA.whereB.thatC.the one thatD.the one where44.During the days _,he worked as a servant at the Browns.18.Some pictures of the river brought the days b

40、ack to the oldA.followedB.followingC.to followD.that followed_ they swam in it.3言简意赅，远见卓识，望君采纳，谢谢！删除水印可，编辑页眉，选中水印，点击删除。A.whenB.thatC.whoD.whereA.thatB.in whichC.in thatD.when19.The man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift.28.This is the last time _ I will write to you.A.thatB.asC.whichD.andA

41、.whenB.thatC.whatD.as20.He stayed there for quite a long time,during _ time he29.I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.learned much spoken English.A.whatB.by whichC.by that D./A.thatB.thisC.whichD.same30.The train_ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.A.by whichB.on whichC.for whichD.on

42、 that（4）真题回顾定语从句专项练习（3）1.We went through a period _ communications were very1.Who is the womanis sweeping the floor over there?difficult in rural areas.(2008 上海)A.whoB./C.thatD.when2.The doctoris leaving for Africa next month.A.whichB.whoseC.in whichD.with whichA.the nurse is talking to himB.whom th

43、e nurse is talking2.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in theC.the nurse is talking toD.who the nurse is talkingdegree _ they can be controlled on purpose.(2007 重庆)3.He talked about a herono one had ever heard.A.with whichB.to whichC.of whichD.for whichA.of whom B.from whomC.about

44、 thatD.who3.Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were4.Have you read the bookI lent to you?destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provideA.thatB.whomC.whenD.whosefood for more people.(2008 江西)5.American women usually identify their best friend as someoneA.in which B.for which

45、C.so thatD.in that_ they can talk frequently.4.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning aA.whoB.asC.about whichD.with whomlanguage different from_ their parents speak at home.(2008浙江)6.Recently I bought a second-hand carwas very low.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.oneA.which priceB.the price of w

46、hose5.You can only be sure of _ you have at present;you cannot beC.its priceD.whose pricesure of something _ you might get in the future.(2007 安徽)7.Lily,is Helen _ you want to introduce me to?A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;thatA.thatB.whoC.whomD.the girl6.Women _ drink more than two cups of coff

47、ee a day have a8.The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and thegreater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.experienced teachers _ they had seen.A.who,/B./;whoC.who,whoD./;/A.thatB.whoC.whichD.what7.The Beatles _ many of you are old enough to remember9.This is the only

48、 bus _ goes to the village school.came from Livepool.(2006)A./B.thatC.whereD.itA.whatB.thatC.howD.as10.Is there a shop around _sells China Daily?8.In an hour,we can travel to places _ would have taken ourA.whoB.whereC.in whichD.whichancestors days to reach.(2006 上海)11.She was the only one of the gir

49、ls in our class _ acceptedA.whereB.whenC.whichD.whatas candidate for the president of our Students Union.9.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I couldA.who wasB.who wereC.who has beenD.who have beenrecognize who she was,she had run back in the direction _12.She is no longer the sweet

50、little girl _ she used to be.she had come.（2006 重庆卷）A.whatB.whoC.whenD.thatA.of whichB.by whichC.in whichD.from which13.Is this singer _ songs you like best?10.Look out!Dont get too close to the house _ roof is underA.whosB.whoseC.whichD the one whoserepair.(2006 福建)14.He got angry with _ was agains